Viscosity and zeta-potential of 11.0 wt. % aqueous bentonite suspension containing various electrolytes and hydrogen-ion concentration were measured by using a Couette type automatic rotational viscometer and Zeta Meter, respectively. The effects of pH and elcctrolytes on the rheological properties of the suspension were investigated. A system, which has a large zeta-potcntial, has a small intrinsic relaxation time ${\beta}$ and a small intrinsic shear modulus $1/{\alpha}$ in the Ree-Eyring generalized viscosity equation, i.e., such a system has a small viscosity value, since ${\eta}={\beta}/{\alpha}$. In general, a stable suspension system has large zeta-potential. The stability condition of clay-water suspension can be estimated by viscometric method since stable suspension generally has small viscosity. The correlation between the stability, viscosity and zeta-potential has been explained by the Ree-Eyring theory of viscous flow.

The properties of $RuO_{2}(100)$, (101) and (110) single-crystal faces in sulfuric acid are investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The shapes of the current-voltage profiles for the (100) and (101) planes indicate mainly reversible Faradaic processes while that for the (110) face resembles that resulting from an irreversible Faradaic process.

Solvolysis reactions of some substituted benzoyl chlorides were studied in ethanol-water, ethanol-trifluoroethanol and methanol-acetonitrile mixtures. Results showed that the reaction proceeds via an $S_N2$ process in which bond formation is more advanced than bond cleavage. Comparison of the two models for predicting transition state variation indicated superior nature of the quantum mechanical model relative to the potential energy surface model.

Extended Huckel calculations have been performed to obtain molecular orbital energies and the corresponding eigenvectors for $[M(III)O_3S_3]$ type complexes [M(111) = V(111), Cr(III), Mn(III), Fe(III) and Co(III)] adopting the valence basis set orbital $(nP_z)$ and the hybridized atomic orbital of ligands. The effects of the hybridized atomic orbital of ligands on the calculated dipole moments and 10 $D_q$ values are investigated. The calculated 10 $D_q$ values and dipole moments are close to the experimental values when the hybridized atomic orbital of ligands is used to obtain the eigenvector for $[M(III)O_3S_3]$ type complexes.

A method to calculate the magnetic moments for $d^1$ and $d^2$ complexes in a strong crystal field of trigonal symmetry has been developed in this work choosing the trigonal axis (Ⅲ) as the quantization axis. The calculated magnetic moments using this method for $d^1$ and $d^2$ complexes in a strong trigonal ligand field fall in the range of the experimental values. The dipolar shifts for $d^1$ and $d^2$ complexes in a strong trigonal ligand field are also calculated using the calculated magnetic susceptibility components. The calculated values of the dipolar shifts also fall in the reasonable range.

Thermochemistry and photochemistry of picolyl chlorides were studied. The thermal reaction of 2-picolyl chloride in benzene afforded intermolecular condensation product. In the case of 3-picolyl chloride, this type of the reaction did not occur, but polymers were obtained. A cyclic hexamer, suggested by a molecular model, was not formed because of the steric strain and low reactivity. The thermal reaction of 4-picolyl chloride gave a cyclic hexamer as well as a polymer. The cyclic hexamer, identified by NMR spectrum, showed ${\lambda}_{max}$ at 460 nm. The cyclic hexamer was cloven to the linear structure. Photolysis of 2-picolyl chloride at 253.7 nm gave a para-isomer followed by polymerization. When a methyl hydrogen of 2-methylpyridine is substituted by $CH_3O$, iso-PrO, and EtO group, the photoisomerization to the corresponding anilines or para-substituted pyridines did not occur within the range of the time used for 2-picolyl chloride. Thermolysis of picolyl chlorides in an acidic methanol solution did not afford any product.

The photoreaction of maleimide, one of the best model compounds of DNA molecules for psoralen-DNA photoreactions, is studied in order to investigate the photoreactivity and the mechanism of the maleimide-psoralen photoreaction. The (2+2) photocyclodimer of maleimide was obtained in solution state by direct or sensitized irradiation. The rate constant of dimerization is determined by quenching studies and found to be of the order of $10^9 M^{-1}sec^{-1}$. The direct dimerization of maleimide is found to undergo through the triplet excited state. The quantum yields of dimerization are dependent on the maleimide concentration.

Rigid ${\alpha}$-oximino ketones containing two functional groups such as 2-oximino-1-acenaphthenone and 2-oximino-1-indanone were synthesized and the simultaneous reduction of the two functional groups of ${\alpha}$-oximino ketones by $LiAlH_4$ gave the corresponding amino alcohols, 2-amino-1-acenaphthenol and 2-amino-1-indanol. The yields of the reduction products of the ${\alpha}$ -oximino ketones remarkably increased, as the increase of molar ratio of hydride used to the reactant. The use of 24 moles of $LiAlH_4$ was found to afford the best result in the reduction of the rigid ${\alpha}$-oximino ketones to the corresponding amino alcohols. The yields was not affected by the variation of solvents such as ether, THF and diglyme.

In order to extend our understanding on the multiple inhibition enzyme kinetics, a general equation of an enzyme reaction in the presence of two different reversible inhibitors was derived by what we call "match-box mechanism" under the combined assumption of steady-state and quasi-equilibrium for inhibitor binding. Graphical methods were proposed to analyze the multiple inhibition of an enzyme by any given sets of different inhibitors, i.e., competitive, noncompetitive, and uncompetitive inhibitors. This method not only gives an interaction factor $({\alpha})$ between two inhibitors, but also discerns ${\alpha}_1$ and ${\alpha}_2$ with and without substrate binding, respectively. The factors involved in the dissociation constants of inhibitors can also be evaluated by the present plot. It is also shown that the present kinetic approach can be extended to other forms of activators or hydrogen ions with some modification.