오키나와 지방의 심각한 문제가 되고 있는 토양유실에 대하여 알아보았다. 먼저 오키나와의 자연적 사회적 현황을 소개하였으며, 이어서 오키나와 지방의 토양유출 현황과 토양유출 저감방법에 대하여 소개하였다. 농지에서의 토양유실 저감기법으로는 물리적, 화학적, 영농관리실행 등으로 구분할 수 있으며, 개발현장에서의 토양유출 저감공법으로는 표토보호공, 유출억제공, 탁수처리공, 확산처리공으로 구분할 수 있다. 오키나와 지방에서는 농지와 개발사업지역에서 토양유출을 방지하기 위하여 최선의 노력을 경주하고 있다. 우리 나라에서도 토양보전을 위하여 노력하여야 할 것이며 특히 토양유실이 심각한 북한의 토양보전공법에 대하여 많은 관심과 투자가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

The purpose of this study is to analyse the accuracy of weather forecasts of temperature, precipitation probability , and sky condition and to evaluate the applicability of weather forecasts for the estimation of potential evapotranspiration for irrigation scheduling. Five weather station s were selected to compare forecasted and measured climatcal data. The error between forecasted and measured temperature was calculated and discussed. The accuracy of temperature forecast using relative frequency of the error was calculated . The temperature forecasting showed considerably high accuracy. Average sunshine hours for forecasted sky conditions were calculated and showed reasonable quality. From the reliability graphs, the forecasting precipation probabililty was reliable. Potential evapotranspirations were calculated and compared using forecast and measured temperatures. The weather forecast is considered usable for irrigation scheculing.

Drought is a serious diaster in agriculutre, especially to upland crops. Hence, the Agricultural Drought Analysis Model (ADAM) that is integratable with GIS was applied to analyae agriculture drought in upland. ADAM is composed of two sub-models , one is a Soil Water Balance Model (SWBM) and the other is a Drougth Analysis Model (DAM) that is based on the Runs theory. The ADAM needs weather data, rainfall data and soil physical characteristics data as input and calculates daily soil moisture contents. GIS was integrated to the ADAM for the calculation of regional soil moisture using digitized landuse map, detaile dsoil map, thiessen network and district boundary . For the agriculutral drought analysis, the ADAM adapt the Runs theory for analyzing drought duration, severity and magnitude . Log-Pearson Type-III probability distribution function and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used to test the fitness of good of the model. The integration of ADAM with GIS was successfully implemented and would be operated effectively for the regional drought analysis.

The statistical characteristics of the factors related to the daily rainfall prediction model are analyzed . Records of daily precipitation, mean air temperature, relative humidity , dew-point temperature and air pressure from 1973∼1998 at 8 meteorological sttions in south-western part of Korea were used. 1. Serial correlatino of daily precipitaiton was significant with the lag less than 1 day. But , that of other variables were large enough until 10 day lag. 2. Crosscorrelation of air temperature, relative humidity , dew-point temperature showed similar distribution wiht the basin contrours and the others were different. 3. There were significant correlation between the meteorological variables and precipitation preceded more than 2 days. 4. Daily preciption of each station were treated as a truncated continuous random variable and the annual periodic components, mean and standard deviation were estimated for each day. 5. All of the results could be considered to select the input variables of regression model or neural network model for the prediction of daily precipitation and to construct the stochastic model of daily precipitation.

Considering that rural village had evolved through a long-sustained effort of harmnization with nature, there should be the wisdom not only to reflect the level of rural resident's housing demand, but also to conserve the traditional characteristics of high-valuation in the modern rural housing. In Korea , standard design proposals of rural houses had been made public three times ; in 1972 , 1984 and 1995. so , firstly, this study analysed the inner-space layouts of design proposals mentioned above, from which changes and problems in the past housing design were derived. And also, through, the positive acceptance of residents' opinion living inthe houses built by standard design proposals in 1970 ~1980's, improved design principles and an alternative model were proposed , finally. The inner-space structed of standard design proposals in 1970s was originated from small-scaled and low-priced one, basically under the " open system". In 1980s, the basic design principle changed to the 'closed system' in which the living room being the focus of indoor family life, and , in 1990s, progressively, therural housing developed to the high qualified type by the spatial enlargement and with increased equipements. However, this structural change of rural house brought about the problem of functional separatioon between farming and daily living activities. In details, limited spaces of multipurpose spaces and sanitary facility would be mentioned as problems for improvement. conclusively in this study, newoly arranged "open system" was recommended , as a basic design principle for theinner space structure formation of rural house, which easily links the constituent inner-house spaces to outer one. Based on this principle, the detailed design criterial was proposed as follows ; 1. The living room be directly linked to the front-yard and centrally placed, the addtional space of which could be secured for the special family events by the flexibleuse of its adjacent room or by the housing of male quarters(separated from main building quarter). 2. The kitchen also be directly linked to side-yard and to livng room , for the convenience of farming activities and the shortening of path flow housewife. 3. The expanded toilet-and-bathroom be placed in the directly connected left-hand side to the living room and also be allowed access through multipurpose spaces to out door. 4. The multipurpose spaces be directly connected to the kitchen and the toilet and-bathroom , of which function would be for undressing of working clothes, quickwashing and ordinary working.nd ordinary working.

The frequency of earthquake occurrence tends to increase in Korea. Therefore, the stability of pipeline, such as watersupply pipe, gas pipe, and oil pipe etc. across fault zones in Gyoung-sang landmass is very important, expecially , in metropolitan area. There were some examples of the construction of buried pipeline across fault zones in Korea. the interactiion between the buried pipeline across fault zones and the ground is considered. As well, in the interfaces of them, the direct shear numerical analysis model including elasto-plastic joint element is assumed that the retained dilatancy theory in them, otherwise. Also, the other elements are modeled the ground is nonlinear elastic coutinuaus beam, respectively. In this study, the maximum shear force point exist inside retaine zone(anchored zone) during shwar (as fault sliding), and the distribution of pipeline's behavior is all alike them of pipeline buried in ladnsliding grounds. Since the pipeline is not continuous beam but jointed by steel-pipe segments , practically, on acting of a large bending moment or a shear force, then, those are may be unstable. The reaearch on this point may be new approach.

This study is performed to evaluate theproperties of concrete using industrial wastes such as fly ash, zeolite powder and blast furnace slag powder. Seven types of concrete mixtures are made in this study. Water0reducing admixture and air entaining agent are used for all mixtures. Test results, the hydration evolution amounts are decreased by 2 ∼31 % than that of the normal portland cement and air contents of concrete are decreased by 1 ∼15% and compressive strengths are increased by 2∼10% at the curing age 28 days than that of the normal portland cement concrete. Accordingly, concrete using industrial wastes will greatly improve the properties of concrete.

This paper present the strength estimation of precast concrete products by chloride ion penetration method. The relation between the strength of precast concrete product and the ion passing charge is linear and a numerical model of FCK =515.96-0.201Q is prposed. The results showe good agreement at about 9.0% error ration with the estimated model results for real precast concrete product.

Over 4.1 billion metric tons of non-hazardous solid wstes are generated in the United States annually. Therefore, there is a need to reuse or reprocess as many products or by-products as possible. In this report, theaggregates produced from Naval Shipyard and Charleston area dredge spoils are designated as GP-21-23 and GP 4-5, repectively. The major objective of this study is to determine the feasiblity of the use of these aggregates in concrete. The followings are some of the conclusions, observations and recommendations regarding this portion of the research project. In most cases, the unit weight of concrete containing GP 21-23 and GP 4-5 (vitrified galss) lower than the control concrete, and the concrete containing vitrified glass produced lower compressive and bending strength compared to the control. However the concrete containing virtrified glass could be used in the field based on the minimum criterial set for the mix design. The use of vitrified glass in concrete is recommended in several applications except parking lots, side walks and main roads, because abrasion resistace is not high.

An experimental investigation was carried out to study the feasibility of using the stabiliozed sludge, as a backfill and cutoff-water materials for embankment structures. For stabilizing of sludge, hydrated lime and quick lime were used as additive, and a series of tests were performed on the sludge and the stabilized sludge to examine their physical and mechanical properties , compaction, compressive strength, hydraulic conuctivity and consolidation characteristics. From the test results, physical and mechanical properties of the stabilized sludge were improved as compared with the sludge. Especially from the viewpoint of physcial property, consolidation or settlement and cutoff-water, quick lime is more effective than the hydrated lime as a stabilization addtive. But, viewpoint of compaction and shear strength, hydrated lime is more effective than the quick lime as a atabilization additive. As a result of this study, it was found that the stabilized sludge can be developed the backfill and cutoff-water materials, improved the stabilizing method of sludge.