오늘날 국내외에서의 FA(Facorty Automation)에 관한 움직임이 활발해진 것 같다. 공업선진국에서는 새 FA에 관한 Project가 탄생, 기초적인 연구개발의 진첩이 이루어지고 있다. 여기선 한국정밀공학회의 개별회원 및 단체 회원을 위하여 특히, 최근 주목되고 있는, 통합화(CIM), 지능화(Intellgence)및 표준화에의 동향에 대해서 그 개관을 소개하고져 한다.

부재가 피로하중을 받을 경우에는 피로하중의 변동과 균열의 성장에 인한 균열크기의 변동때문에 각순간에서의 응력확대계수가 변화하게 된다. 피로균열성장을 모델링할때 응력확대계수를 이용할 수 있는 타당성은 균열성장속도가 매우 느리므로 순간순간에서의 형상계수의 변화가 거의 무시할 수 있다는 사실에 근거하고 있다. 즉 균열의 길이는 순간순간에 일정하다고 생각하는 즉 준-정적인 문제로 귀착되며, 이 경우 에는 순간순간에 대응하는 단지 변동하는 하중에 대한 응력확대계수의 변동양상을 검토하면 되는 것이다.

A new analytic method for the identification of process control system is presented. A second and a third order transfer function are considered as the estimated model function. For the second order transfer function, the new method is compared with the exisiting ones, simulation results show that the new method is superior to the existing ones. And also, In case of the third order transfer function which is difficult to analyze mathematically, system identification is tried.

In metal cutting various types of chips are produced in consequence of cutting conditions. Flow-type chips have been studied in most cases because they are easier to be analyzed, but the actual surfaces of chips are not smooth, but crushed. This paper deals with saw-toothed chips, special types of flow-type chips, which have deep concaves and high convexes and sharp angles on the free surface. I tried to establish the theory of saw-toothed chip mechanism through experimental observation, that is, the mathmatical model of the cutting energy and cutting mechanism through the geometrical observation of the chips by using a microscope. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The mechanism of saw-toothed chips is diffenent from that of general flow-chips. 2. In the case of saw-toothed chips, the shear angle must be measured by the hypotenuse angle and the rake angle, and the shear angle is more affected by the rake angle than by the hypotenbuse angle. 3. The friction angle is represented by .beta. = . pi. /4+ .alpha./ sub n/- .phi. which is different from Merchant's equation. 4. The pitch and the slip are greatly influenced by depth of cut, but the influence of the rake angle on it is small. 5. The normal stress and the shear stress on the shear plane decrease with the increase of the cutting depth, and they are almost independent on the variation of a rake angle. 6. The unit friction energy on the tool face, the unit shear energy on the shear plane, and the total cutting energy per unit volume decrease with the increase of rake angle and cutting depth.

The flatness of a precision surface plate is generally measured by using precision angular measuring instruments such as laser interferometers, autocollimators and electronic levels. Since these instruments are expensive and measurement procedures are complex, such methods are not widely used in industries. In this study, an electronic micrometer that is easy to use and inexpensive to produce was developed in order to solve this problem. The flatness of a black granite surface plate, measured using this device was compared with the values obtained by using the conventional three methods. The results were consistent within ${\pm}1{\mu}m$. It proves that the flatness measuring method using electronic micrometers can be utilized for quantitative measurement. An accessory device that can improve the precision of measurement by attaching to the electronic micrometer was also designed and fabricated.

An optoelectronical method for in process monitoring of flank wear of cutting tools is presented. The method is based upon real-time vision technology in which the tool is illuminated by a beam of laser and then the image of wear zone is taken by a vidicon camera. The image is converted to a series of digital pixel data and processed through an algorithm specially developed for measurement of the wear land width. Detailed aspects of the prototype measurement system byilt for experiment are described, and test results are discussed. As conclusions, it is proved that the methods are effec- tive especially for-in situ application with a measuring accuracy of 0.01mm.