汪機(1463-1539), 字省之, 號石山居士, 明徽州祁門人, 新安醫家中最有代表性的人物之一. 幼攻儒學, 后以范仲淹良相良醫之說爲信念, 棄儒學醫. 汪機在繼承朱丹溪學術思想的同時, 針對當時濫用滋陰降火的時弊, 對朱丹溪的'陽有餘陰不足'之說作了新的闡述. 又根據營氣由脾胃水穀之氣所化生, 發揮李東垣的脾胃學說, 强調了營氣與脾胃的關係. 對蔘, 芪有獨到的見解和體會. 他用參芪不仅是爲了一般地補氣, 同样也考慮到補陰血的方面, 是汪機用參芪的一大特色. 汪機行醫數十年, 臨床經驗豊富, 强調四診合參, 非常重視辨證察形.

Jeol-sik, (festive seasons every 15 days based on sun cycle), refers to both Korean Traditional Festival food(jeol-sik), intertwined between months, and in-season meals(si-jeol-sik) in which the ingredients used are produced in each and one of the four season. Si-jeol-sik is a kind of recommendatory food, which is combined to seasonal changes. I found that ingredients in Si-jeol-sik of spring are helpful for strengthening one's life force. Moreover, the ingredients also reflects seasonal changes. The main ingredient of Si-jeol-sik in January(in lunar year) is rice. Rice is good for upgrading one's stomach qi(energy). Rice continues to be used in February. In addition, some greens are included in February Si-jeol-sik as to help defecation. In March, the ingredients become diverse and abundant. The main concern in the ingredients found in March is not limited to stomach qi. These changes of ingredients are in line with the concept of 'health maintenance', which is written in Huangdi Neijing. The writing teaches the wisdom of adaptation to nature. Si-jeol-sik's basic idea is maybe giving people some food, which includes useful elements to help them survive through a season or the next season. They can be also explained properly by the help of five flavours theory. According to Huangdi Neijing liver is main organ of spring. So liver is more important than other organs in spring. And the most efficient way for liver is supplying sweet or sour food. Interestingly, there are many sweet elements in Si-jeol-sik of spring.

The review of the literature had been done to investigate the mechanism of the herbal medicines contained in traditional Korean medical books. We had thought the results could provide the theoretical basis of adding herbal medicies to functional drink. This study is a document research in cluding a historical review of traditional beverages from after the period of the Joseon Dynasty, analysis of the characteristics of tradition the herbal medicine of the Joseon entered the new stage at the era of King Sejong. In the reign of Sejong, there had been a noticeable increase in kinds of herbs. Besides understanding the quality of herbs by provinces, the Joseon government also had pushed ahead with increase policy of herbs. The more the standard of living and incomes have increased, the more the concern of our health has been raised. This social phenomenon has affected on the food& beverage industry. The food& beverage industry of Korea has been already reorganized like the ones in developed countries in the early 21st century. Consumers are particular choosing their beverages; they concern their health, convenience, and taste more than ever. We had selected several herbal medicines contained in functional drink, and investigated the mechanism in field of oriental medicine and pharmacology.

The humans has tried to investigate the fundamental relationship of all phenomena through the eyes. In oriental medicine, inspection is a one way of diagnosing by observing outer shape of patients. Physiognomy is the study which infers characteristics, constitutions, predestinations of one man from his appearance. In other words, the study is about how inner spirit is expressed in the appearance and how we could understand the inner side from appearance. According to it, shapes, proportions and balances of human appearance also reflect the unrecognized characteristics of human. Esthetical beauty is product of seeing, it is considered with judgment of human just like beauty or ugliness, right or wrong, good and bad. In the east, they consider that the beauty is balance of nature, and that balance and harmony is important at human's face. For such a reason, the highest beauty has ideal as agreement ethical and aesthetic level through the harmony of ethical and physical beauty. And Physiognomy and inspection are the same as it.

To develop a new anti-skin aging cosmetics or functional foods by using antioxidative activity and collagenase inhibitor, a potent collagenase or elastase inhibitor was screened from various extracts of medicinal plants and its optimal extraction condition was investigated. And antioxidative activity, antimicrobial activity and inhibitory of effect against collagenase activity were investigated. In the these results, we selected the Sanguisorba (Sanguisorba officinalis L.) that presents a potential biological activities. Sanguisorba which is very rich in triterpenoid saponin and tannins was recently reported its anti-oxidant activities and phytoestogenic activities in vivo test and many clinical studies. The experiments were carried out in vitro to determine anti-oxidant activities of Sanguisorba extracts on DPPH radical scavenging activity assay, Superoxidase scavenging activity assay, Elastase and collagenase activity assay. It show that the Sanguisorba extracts have the most significant anti-oxidant on free radical scavenging activity assay, and also inhibited significantly activities of elastase, collagenase. Further, Sanguisorba extracts are activated Type I collagen protein expression in CCD-986sk cells. These result suggest that the Sanguisorba extracts on DPPH radical scavenging activity assay, Superoxidase scavenging activity assay, elastase and collagenase activity assay, Type I collagen protein expression in CCD-986sk cells effected could be developed cosmetic ingredients for anti-aging.

단삼(丹蔘) (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge)은 꿀풀과 배암차즈기속에 속하며 중국(中國)이 원산지(原産地)인 여러해살이풀로, 동의보감(東醫寶鑑)에는 "성질(性質)은 약간 차고 맛이 쓰며 독(毒)이 없다. 다리가 약하면서 저리고 아픈것과 팔다리를 쓰지 못하는 것을 치료한다. 또는 고름을 빨아내고 아픈 것을 멎게 하며 살찌게 하고 오래된 어혈(瘀血)을 헤치며${\ldots}$" 등으로 기술되어 있으며 이전부터 부인과(婦人科)에 많이 응용하는 약재 중 하나로 그 효능이 어혈(瘀血)을 없애는데 있기 때문이다. 임상(臨床)에서는 부인과(婦人科) 질환(疾患)뿐만 아니라 심혈관(心血管) 질환(疾患)에도 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 효능의 객관적 근거를 마련하고 약재의 작용 기전 중 일부를 확인하기 위해 고지혈증이 유발된 생쥐에 단삼(丹蔘) 추출물을 투여하여 혈중 콜레스테롤 및 트리글리세라이드 수치를 낮추는 작용을 확인했으며 동시에 간조직 내 지방의 축적도 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 변화가 간조직 내 유전자의 변화와 어떠한 관련이 있는지 확인하기 위해 RNA를 분리하여 Microarray 분석을 수행한 결과 고지혈증으로 인해 변화된 유전자들이 단삼(丹蔘) 추출물의 투여로 인해 정상에 가까운 정도로 조절됨을 확인하였으며 향후 본 연구를 통해 확인된 핵심 유전자를 고지혈증 치료의 지표 등으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

단삼(丹蔘) (Salvia miltiorrhiza)은 꿀풀과(일과(―科) Lamiaceae)에 속하는 다년생 초본으로, 중국이 원산지이며 약용하기 위해 우리나라에서도 널리 재배하고 있다. 신농본초경(神農本草經) 상품(上品)에 수재(收載)되어 있으며, 거어지통(祛瘀止痛), 양혈소종(凉血消腫), 청심제번(淸心除煩), 활혈조혈(活血調血) 등의 효능이 있어 부인과 질환에 많이 사용되고 있는 약재에 속한다. 본 연구에서는 단삼(丹蔘) 추출물이 흰쥐의 흉부 대동맥 절편에 어떠한 양상으로 작용하는지 확인하고자 하였으며, 그 결과 단삼 추출물 특히 헥산 분획에서 강력한 혈관 이완 작용이 나타났으며, 혈관 내피 세포의 존재 유무에 상관없이 농도 의존적으로 혈관을 이완시켰으나 혈관 내피 세포가 존재하는 상황에서 더욱 강력한 혈관 이완 작용을 보였다. 이러한 과정에 NO에 의한 cGMP 증가가 주요하게 작용하는 것으로 추정되었으며, 칼슘 통로 차단 효과에 의한 세포 내 $Ca^{2+}$의 감소도 관여하는 것으로 생각된다.

스트레스로 인한 인체의 반응은 중추신경계, 시상하부, 변연계 및 기타 표적기관으로부터 시작되는데, 자율신경계 반응, 내분비계 반응, 면역계 반응 등을 통하여 복합적인 신체 증상으로 발현되며, 스트레스 상황에서는 시상하부-뇌하수체-부신 축 (HPA axis)과 교감신경계의 작용으로 여러 신경전달물질 방출에 변화가 생기며 이러한 변화는 면역기전에 중요한 역할을 하고 일부는 면역세포의 활성에 직접적으로 영향을 미쳐 신체 각종 질병의 원인이 될 것으로 추정된다. 한의학에서는 천인상응(天人相應)의 관점에서 육기(六氣)를 생체자극의 외적 요인으로 간주하고, 생체내적 현상인 정신이 외적 자극을 통하여 나타나는 생체반응을 칠정(七情)으로 보았으며, 이러한 관점에서 스트레스는 신체에 오장(五臟)의 허실(虛實), 혈허(血虛), 정손(精損), 기역(氣逆), 기(氣)의 순환장애, 담연(痰涎), 화(火) 등의 병적인 요인을 만들어 준다. 본 연구에서 재료로 사용된 호초 (Piper nigrum Linne)는 후추나무의 과실을 말린 것으로서 세계적으로 널리 사용되는 향신료이며, 한의학에서는 온중제한하기(溫中除寒下氣), 쾌격소담(快膈消痰), 해독(解毒)등의 효능으로 한담식적(寒痰食積) 완복냉통(脘腹冷通) 곽란(癨亂) 토사(吐瀉)등의 치료에 활용되어 왔다. 특히 쾌격소담(快膈消痰)하는 작용은 정신적 스트레스에 유효할 것으로 생각되므로 본 연구에 이용하게 되었다. 실험동물은 ICR계 생쥐를 이용하였으며, 심리적 스트레스는 옆쪽 cage에서 다른 마우스의 신체에 가해지는 전기 충격을 하루 1시간 동안 지켜보게 하는 것으로 유발하였으며, 이 상태에서 약물을 투여한 그룹을 실험군, 그렇지 않은 그룹을 대조군으로 하였다. 정상군은 아무런 자극 없이 하루 1시간 동안 일정 공간에 가두어 두는 것으로 하였다. 실험 결과, 호초(胡椒) 추출물을 100mg/kg/day 용량으로 5일간 투여한 실험군은 아무런 처치를 하지 않은 대조군에 비해 혈장 중 corticosterone 함량이 유의하게 감소되었고, 뇌에서의 noradrenalin 분비량이 유의하게 증가되었으며, plus maze test에서의 머무름 시간이 연장되는 것으로 나타나 호초(胡椒)가 심리적 스트레스를 효과적으로 억제하고 진정작용이 있는 것으로 사료되나 구체적인 작용기전 및 인체에서의 효과에 대해서는 향후의 보다 자세한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

In oriental medicine, the skin of the face and the body is the mirror of the viscera and bowels. Skin aging is measured according to the elasticity and glossiness of the skin, which is perceived as a matter of fluid-humor within the realms of oriental medicine. Fluid-humor refers to normal body fluid that makes the skin moist and supple and the hair bright and glossy. If the body is lacking fluid-humor, the hair and skin will be dry and coarse. 'The improvement of fluid-humor (nutrition)' is facilitated based on the oriental physiological change theory for middle-aged women. A new study is therefore necessary to develop oriental herbal cosmetics for young women in their 20s. As yet, there has been no study on the effect of herbal cosmetics formulated for middle-aged women and used by young women in their 20s. This study aims to investigate the effect of 'the improvement of fluid-humor' for the skin of young women in their 20s within the theory of oriental medicine. This kind of study is essential for oriental skin care and the development of diverse oriental herbal cosmetics. To determine the effect of oriental herbal cosmetics on young women in their 20s based on the theory of oriental medicine, which says that a shortage of fluid-humor causes skin aging, this study has examined the skin conditions of young women in their 20s and how satisfied they are with oriental herbal cosmetics through an objective equipment-based measurement and subjective questionnaire survey.

The object of this study was to investigate the relation between variables that is related to the general characteristics, fear of falling and falls efficacy. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 105 elders. Fear of falling and falls efficacy are measured structured questionnaires each. This study analyzed by SAS program. There was a significant difference of fear of falling according to education level(p=.003), body mass index(p=.016). There was a significant difference of falls efficacy according to gender(p<.001), education level(p=.047), body mass index(p=.019), number of chronic disease(p=.021). Fear of falling and age(r=0.23, p=.018) had significant positive correlations in the elders. Falls efficacy and number of chronic disease(r=-0.26, p=.010) had significant negative correlations in the elders. Fear of falling and falls efficacy are mutually contradictious concept. Also, both are important for the health of elderly. This result can be used for the elderly care and development of the program for the improvement of the falling efficacy.

Objectives : The report intended to estimate effect taken by using FCST(functional cerebrospinal technique) on the patient with one gait disturbance case. Methods : A gait disturbance one case with 2 weeks of duration was managed by the Balance Appliance on temporomandibular joint (TMJ), combined with acupuncture and herbl medicine. Results : After being treates for 2 weeks, the patint's 10mWT were improved. Assessment was made by self assessment of subjective symptoms and clinical observation. Conclusions : An impressive effect was observed and further clinical and biological research on FCST is expected.

Background: Nowadays, increasing women's socio-economic activities increased the grandmothers raising grandchildren. Because of the contemporary situation, the health problems of the care giving grandparents is becoming an issue. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine correlationship between the incidence of stroke and raising grandchildren. Methode: This article contrasts the ratio of recent experience of raising grandchildren of 195 normal and 323 stroke patients, especially women. Result: There were 43.08% of women raising their grandchildren in the normal group while 13.31% of women of stroke patients group were raising their grandchildren before the onset of stroke. Conclusion: The finding suggests the positive effect of raising grandchildren on reducing the risk for stroke.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to show a case of patient with epigastralgia which appeared after Stroke improved by Baekho-tang. Methods: We treated the patient with Herbal med, Acupuncture, Moxa. Results: Every Herbal med was no effect on Epigastralgia of patient. But The epigastralgia of patient was disappeared after using Baekho-tang. Conclusion: We can find out the effect of the Baekho-tang for epigastralgia which appeared after Stroke in this study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effects of Sambok-go for upper respiratory tract infection. Methods: Sambok-go was performed to outpatients which had visited Daejeon university oriental medicine hospital. The number of participants who received Sambok-go at least once were 85, 21 patients did not receive Sambok-go three times were excluded first. Participants who received treatment three times were 64 patients. After the 2011 winter, 2012.05 we follow-up by telephone, except eight, 56 patients were analyzed. Sambok-go is composed of 8 kinds of medicinal herbs. Each Sambok-go weighs about 1.1g and attatchment surface diameter is about 1.5 cm. Sambok-go was attached to both side of 폐유(肺兪)(BL13), 심유(心兪)(BL15), 폐유(膈兪)(BL17), patients under the age of 15 were attached for an hour, patients over 15 years age were attatched for 3 hours. Results: Among the finally analyzed 56 participants, we compared the number of flu outbreak during winter before and after treatment. Before treatment measured $6.14{\pm}6.57$, after treatment measured $1.57{\pm}1.14$. In conclusion, the number of flu outbreak was significantly decreased(p<0.001). To investigate the effect of worsening factors on the pre-existing upper respiratory diseases, we checked whether the patients had pre-existing upper respiratory diseases. The patients who already had old upper respiratory diseases were 34. The increase in the frequency of deterioration in 5 patients, 4 patients no change, decreased in 24 cases, one patient was unresponsive. After evaluating the satisfaction of The patients who were treated with the Sambok-Go, the 29 cases were very satisfied, the 23 were satisfied, None of the paitents showed dissatisfaction or bad dissatisfaction. Conclusion: Sambok-go seems to be effective in the prevention of URI. Further studies are recommended to confirm this effect.

1. Objectives This study is about a "Soyangin" hyperthyroidism patient with palpitation, facial flushing, fatigue, hand tremor and vertigo etc. In this case, we evaluated the effect of Oriental medicine treatment for hyperthyroidism. 2. Methods This patient was treated by Sasang constitutional herbal medication based on "Donguisusebowon". Acupuncture and west medications were used together. We evaluated the clinical progress through two method, Blood Test(T3, Free T4, TSH) and VAS(Visual Analogue Scale). 3. Results During 2months treatment, chief complaints, symptoms and blood test results(T3, Free T4, TSH) of this patient were improved. 4. Conclusion This study shows that Yangkyuksanhwa-tang is an effective treatment for "Soyangin" hyperthyroidism patient.