21th century is a era of new pandemic. We are facing a new challenge and need a new way of approach. But eastern medicine and western medicine is clinging to their own way and have no intention to hear other one's opinion. Before the invention of the vaccination, smallpox has always been a major problem. Intellectuals in every country tried their best to find the treatment for the smallpox, and for Europian, didn't hesitate to borrow some knowledge of the pagon. Romans adopted the Galens concept, running away from the epidemic lesion. Christianity made smallpox Saints, and later adopted Razes heat therapy. But in the 17th century, these methods didn't turn out well, so they needed a new way of approach. By this movement, they had adopted the Chinese inoculation concept and invented a vaccination, By studying the effort of the Europian intellectuals who had tried their best to find the treatment for the smallpox until 17th century, we might get a glimps of wisdom which they had shown us. By this paper we can feel the passion to learn new techniques and their open mind and courage, which might be also needed in the 21th century, era of new pandemic.

The medical profession has the problem of lack of bioethics, due to the expansion of capitalism and mannerism after modernization. Therefore, the need of education of bioethics is increasing, however, the cramming system of education is insufficient for promoting personal morals. So the author studied ancient and present bioethics and searched for the cause of current bioethics absence and the method of overcoming it. Especially, studying the vocational features of oriental medical doctor as profession and the problems of education of bioethics in oriental medical college, the author searched for the directions of educations of bioethics. The conclusions are as follows. The current medical profession have ethical problems because of social moral hazard, evils of capitalism, change of doctor-patient relationship due to expansion of consumerism, limitation of autonomy due to commercialize of hospitals, decrease of knowledge monopolism of professionals, moral indifference and frailty, and a missdeed preference. The education of bioethics needs "Rest's 4 components" but the current education of bioethics in oriental medicine college lacks of time and is composed of the cramming system of education. So it needs various types of education system. Morals are subjective and discretionary personal character. Therefore, informational education is insufficient for enhancing morals and complex education for various personal attainments (various social indirect experience, philosophical speculation, mental serenity) is needed. It has to be done on the basis of educational method by experience not lecture, long term expectation, and basic understanding of bioethics.

Daoism is a very important subject that consists of oriental medicine(traditional east asia medicine). Among the many scriptures, The Zhouyi cantong qi (周易參同契, Token for Joining the Three in Accordance with the Book of Changes) is the main Chinese alchemical scripture. This book is composed with three kinds of subject, Zhouyi(周易, the Book of Changes), the Huanglao(黃老) Tradition and alchemy(鍊金, 爐火). The author's name is not signed but is concealed in the text. According to the traditional account, the legendary Han immortal from Guiji (會稽, in present-day Zhejiang, 古 浙江), Wei Boyang(魏伯陽), wrote it in the period between Emperor Shun and Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han (126-127 BC), after reading the Longhu jing (龍虎經, Scripture of the Dragon and Tiger). Later he transmitted it to Xu Congshi(徐從事), who appended a commentary, and to Chunyu Shutong(淳于叔通), who first circulated it in the world. While some features of this account provide significant details - especially about the reputed date of the text and about its formation having taken place in stages - the received Cantong qi(參同契) actually is not the product of a single generation of authors, but the result of several centuries of textual accretions as well as theory of three co-authorship by Wei Boyang(魏伯陽), Xu Congshi(徐從事), Chunyu Shutong(淳于叔通). It has over 6000 characters in four-word or five-word verses. Some parts of the book are in styles of prose and poem. Many scholars explain the title "cantongqi(參同契)", saying that "Can(參)" means three, "Tong(同)" means correspondence, and "Qi(契)" means unification. Through images of hexagrams of the Book of Changes, the book illustrates the thought of the Huanglao(黃老) Tradition and alchemy. Wei Boyang(魏伯陽) theorizes his own experience unifying the way of intercourse of Yin and Yang in the Book of Changes, the cultivation of spirit through spontaneity of the Huanglao(黃老) Tradition and the elixir refining of alchemy.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the difference about pathogenesis of skin type. the theory that explains each individual react to certain stress is generally accepted in traditional oriental medicine. The aim of this experiment is to find out relationship between the effect of facial condition and the vital conditions of traditional Oriental medicine. We recognized that pattern identification of fluid-humor could be divided into 4 different groups. The reason is that the fluid-humor could be interpreted as Qi & Blood, furthermore Qi & Blood were categorized into deficiency and excess groups. Korean female volunteers in good health participated in this experiment. Three doctors of Oriental medicine classified them into 4 groups based on qi-blood and deficiency-excess concept(qi-deficiency; qi-excess:qi-stagnation; blood-deficiency; blood-excess:static-blood). Volunteers were assessed with non-invasive skin measuring devices. And we analyzed the correlation of skin physiological parameters with vital conditions; moisture, sebum and elasticity. Measurement moisture and sebum of facial skin tended to deacease only in static blood group.

This study is to identify culturally the psychological effect of men and women's make-up, to examine men and women's tendency toward make-up and to figure out relationships between their psychological properies and its functions in modern society for the psychological analysis of Inspection(望診). This study has verified that makeup has a positive effect on their interpersonal relationships, psychological reation and self-confidence as well as it meets their fundamental aesthetic needs. The makeup of the psychological action on men and women is different as eroticism, feminism and etc. The social and cultural backgrounds of make-up are the needs of a variety of fashion, trend of public opinion, a cultural difference and etc. And further studies about psychological reason why they wear makeup need to be made. Makeup has an effect on their looks and it has a psychological effect of being able to decorate and move their mind. Finally, it is anticipated that the study for psychological approach to makeup could contribute on the study for positive makeup treatment and basic foundation of Inspection(望診) and physiognomy(觀相) in Oriental medicine.

Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disease of a cranial nerve and has a main symptoms of irregular movement of muscle, stiffening, trembling which occurred by about 1% of population in the age of over 65. Moreover, the and prevalence rate and attack rate are soaring according to increase of elderly population. However, allopathy and surgery were done through dopamine and anticholinergic medicine for treatment but it developed a lot of complications due to medicine and progress since it makes slow progress or can't stop the treatment. Hereupon, I report that there is a case on one of the patients Young Jin Oriental Medical Clinic. The patient who is in state of treatment termination who doesn't need any further remedy and no worsening of symptoms after conduction of therapies of dialectic and 5 upright life cure regulations. 5 upright life cure regulations means five practive way for improvement of nature healing power. Upon undertaking the 5 upright life cure regulations, there were found significant results in such tests as Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn & Yahr Staging Scale, and Activity of Daily Living (ADL), and the ingestion of Benztropine 1mg and Requip 0.25mg was decreased from 3 times to 0 times. The study offers objective clinical data on Oriental Medicine treatment for Parkinson's disease which is one of representative neuro-degenerative diseases and thus broadens the application range of Oriental Medical treatment and presents the fundamental data on the clinical research on Parkinson's disease by adopting evidence-based medicine (EBM).

Various related factors and tissue changes in vitro and in vivo were observed to investigate the efficacy of HYBH on atopic dermatitis. The results are described below. HYBH improved the atopic dermatitis symptoms by naked eye examination, and significantly decreased dermatitis clinical index at 14 weeks. HYBH significantly decreased CD4+/CD45+, CD4+, CD8+, CD3+/CD69+ immune cell ratios in PBMC by 28%, 16%, 30%, 26% and 22% respectively. HYBH significantly decreased CD11b+/Gr-1+, CD3 immune cell ratios in dorsal skin by 35.3% and 67.5% respectively. HYBH significantly decreased the expression of IL-4 and IFN-${\gamma}$ in spleen by 23% and 15% respectively. HYBH significantly decreased the production rate of IL-5, IL-13 and histamine in serum by 17%, 23%, and 8.8% respectively and increased IL-17 production by 17%. HYBH significantly decreased immunoglubulins IgG1 and IgE production in serum. The results above indicated that treatment of HYBH improved atopic dermatitis symptoms by anti-oxidant activity and immune modulation activity as a clinical evidence. Also, different fermentation conditions using various microbial strains should be accumulated as the clinical evidence for broad application in the future.

In order to investigate the efficacy of HYGBH on atopic dermatitis, various immune related factors were studied. The results and conclusions are as follows. Atopic dermatitis symptoms were improved in HYGBH treated group and significant decrease in dermatitis index were observed in 12 and 14 weeks. HYGBH treated group showed significant decrease in CD4+, CD3+/CD69+ immune cell ratio in PBMC by 18% and 40.6% respectively. HYGBH treated group showed significant decrease in CD3+, CD11b+/Gr-1+ immune cell ratio in dorsal skin by 44.6% and 53.1% respectively. HYGBH treated group showed significant decrease in IL-4, IFN-${\gamma}$ in spleen by 29.5%, 7.7% respectively. HYGBH treated group showed decrease in the expression of IL-5, IL-13, IL-17 and histamine by 21%, 9.6%, 14%, and 32.2% respectively. Also the group showed decrease in the expression of IgE by 6.8% respectively. HYGBH treated group showed significant decrease in the transcription of IL-5 and IL-3 mRNA in skin by 35.5% and 23.2% respectively. The results above indicated that treatment of HYGBH improved atopic dermatitis symptoms by anti-oxidant activity as well as immune modulation activity as a clinical evidence. Also, to increase the application of fermented oriental medicine, different fermentation conditions using various microbial strains should be accumulated as the clinical evidence in the future.

Herbal medicine has a high body absorption rate when it ferments. Biological and clinical research on the fermented herb gradually increases because it has effective materials for the treatment of a disease and it is a little bitter. In this study, we investigated the effect of fermented Baedokhwanbalhyobang (BDHBH) on attenuation of the development of atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice by evaluating the cytokine level in serum, the mRNA expression of cytokine and histological alteration of the skin, and the skin severity. We have come to the following conclusion. BDHBH led to a significant decrease in the skin severity score (63.1%) as compared to the control group. CD4+/CD45+, CD4+, B220+/CD23+, and CD11b+/Gr-1+cells of peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the BDHBH-treated group were decreased to 6.7%, 31.1%, 22.4%, 36.6%, respectively. CD3+and CD11b+/Gr-1+immune cells in dorsal skin of the BDHBH-treated group were decreased to 52.9% and 28.0%. The levels of IL-5 and IL-13 in serum of the BDHBH-treated group were inhibited to 18.8% and 5.1%. The mRNA expressions of IL-5 and IL-13 in dorsal skin were also decreased to 30.6% and 27.8% after the treatment of BDHBH. BDHBH inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of eosinophils. In histological examination, BDHBH decreased the thickness of epidermis and dermis, and infilatration of mast cells as compared to the control group. These results indicate that BDHBH inhibits the pathogenic development of atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice. These results may indicate that BDHBH attenuates the development of atopic dermatitis-like lesions by lowering immune cells and inflammatory cytokine levels, and that it is valuable in drug development for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. Further experiments on the components of BDHBH will be needed to better understand the effect of a fermented herb as compared to a herb.

In order to improve efficacy of oriental medicines and to study the application of fermented oriental medicine in clinicals, the efficacy of CYT and CYTBH on atopic dermatitis were evaluated. The results and conclusions are as follows. CYT and CYTBH significantly improved the atopic dermatitis symptoms in NC/Nga mice by naked eye evaluation and significantly decreased clinical index in both groups. CYT and CYTBH both decreased the cell numbers of CD3+, CD11b+Gr-1+ cells in dorsal skin. Of the cells, CYT significantly decreased CD11b+Gr-1+ cells whereas CYTBH significantly decreased all immune cells. CYT and CYTBH both decreased the production rate of IL-4 and IFN-${\gamma}$ activated by CD3/CD28. In the case of CYTBH, significant decrease in all cases was observed. CYT and CYTBH decreased the production rate of IL-5, IL-13 and IL-17 in serum. Significant decrease of IL-5 in the case of CYT and IL-5 and IL-13 in the case of CYTBH were observed. CYT and CYTBH significantly decreased transcription of IL-5 mRNA and IL-13 mRNA in skin. Significant decrease in IgG1 and IgE immunoglobulins in serum were oberved in both groups. Significant decrease was only observed in the case of CYTBH. Both CYT and CYTBH significantly decreased the secretion of histamine. Both CYT and CYTBH suppressed erythema, hemorrhage, edema, excoriation, erosion of skin tissues of NC/Nga mice resulting in the decrease of thickness of epidermis. Significant decrease of infiltration of obese cells was also observed. The results above indicated that both CYT and CYTBH had significant efficacy in the treatment of atopic dermatitis through immune modulation. Animal studies showed that CYTBH had superior activity than that of CYT suggesting further and continuous studies on the changes in ingredients or absorption improvement by fermentation should follow.

Objective : This study shows the clinical effects of YunJang-Tang on children with constipation. Methods : This study was carried out two patients with constipation. Two patients were treamted mainly with YunJang-Tang for about 5 weeks. Results and Conclusion : After treatments, symptoms of the patients were improved. YunJang-Tang is effective for children with constipation.

Backgrounds: Multidisciplinary approaches including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are currently being performed to target various cancers in Western Medicine. However, some cancers still remain difficult to battle, which has long attracted many scientists for the discovery of new agents to fight cancers. Ginseng is one of the herbs used in Oriental Medicine including Korea, China and Japan. We have further investigated ginseng for its anticancer effect. Objective: This is a comprehensive review summary of anticancer effect of ginseng and ginsenoids as a possible agent for future cancer treatment. Methods: Data were retrieved from two web sites; www.pubmed.com and www.riss.kr, and authorized texts concerning anticancer effects of ginseng. From collected data, information on anticancer effect of ginseng was thoroughly sorted, restructured, then assessed. Results: Panax Ginseng C.A. Meyer belongs to Araliaceae Panax family, a perennial prairie plant with its root known as Ginseng Radix. Ginseng induces anticancer effect through cell cycle arrest, acceleration of apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis, and suppression of metastasis. Anticancer effect of ginseng may be due to single compound or multi-compound actions. Many studies report involvement of immune mechanisms of cytokines, Natural Killer (NK) cells, macrophages and some antibodies in enhancing anticancer effect of ginseng. In near future, possibility of applying these mechanisms into clinical trials is convinced. There were some important findings on saponin in ginsenoids in reviewing for this article; First, eradication of metastatic tumors were influenced by macrophage activation. Second, suppression of malignant melanoma cell metastasis to lung were induced by macrophage and NK cell activation in spleen with red ginseng acidic polysaccharide (RGAP). Third, final metabolites of M1, M4 had exerted anticancer effect of ginseng. Conclusion: Unknown anticancer mechanisms of ginseng have been studied for many years up until now. Ginseng is comprised of multiple bio-chemical compounds that create complex pharmaceutical interactions. Therefore, for its proper usage and safe prescription, studies on different types of ginseng and patients' susceptibility to ginseng according to their constitution and stages of the disease should be further pursued. More efforts are needed to understand the anticancer mechanisms of ginseng as well.

Objective : To investigate the therapeutic effects of HangAm-Plus (HAP) on advanced gastric cancer patient. Methods : A 53 year old male patient diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer (T3N3M1) was admitted to EWCC (East-West Cancer Center) on Nov. 20008. He had refused to go through the standard cancer regimen after having total gastrectomy on Jul 2008. The patient was treated with HAP (3,000 mg/day) for the period of 11 months from Nov 27th, 2008 to Oct 10th, 2009. Computed tomography (CT) and endoscopy were used to evaluate the disease progression of the patient. Results : HAP treatment was well tolerated by the patient. Patient has shown 25 months of stable disease condition up until now. Conclusion : This case study supports HAP's potential efficacy in treating advanced gastric cancer patients.

Cough is an important defensive reflex of the respiratory tract needed to clear and protect the upper airways, but it may become exaggerated and interfere quality of life. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the three most common causes of chronic unexplained cough. Diagnosing GERD related cough is challenging since many patients do not have esophagitis or an increased esophageal acid exposure during 24 h esophageal pH-metry. We treated two patients who had chronic cough, these subjects were diagnosed as Sikjeoksu (Shijisou, 食積嗽) and was administered Pyeongjingeonbi-tang (Pingchenjianpi-tang, 平陳健脾湯). First case had stuffiness below the heart and acid regurgitation with cough, but second case only had cough. After treatment, cough and other symptoms were improved. It showed that we must consider GERD on chronic cough patients.

Objectives: This study analyzed the contents of the research papers of Maekmundong-tang (MMDT). This study was conducted to help development of new clinical application and clinical studies for treating COPD with Oriental medicine. Materials and Methods: We inspected 26 theses and scrutinized their classification, objective diseases, study design, participants, methodological quality of clinical trial. Results: The following results were obtained in this study. 1. The studies of MMDT started in 1989 and have continuously increased, but it decreased recently. 2. The studies were mainly focused on experimental models rather than clinical studies. The topics of studies were mainly relaxation of airway contraction and anti-asthmatic effect. 3. MMDT was showed to have effects on chronic cough and asthma in these papers. Conclusion: MMDT is being used in respiratory disease. However, mechanism study should be conducted at experimental study and more clinical studies on the efficacy of MMDT for chronic respiratory disease are needed.

We treated a 45 year-old male patient. He had Hypertension, Diabetes, Hyperlipidemia and Obesity. The main symptoms were Low-back pain, General body weakness, Abdominal discomfort. We diagnosed him as metabolic syndrome and prescribe Yagwanchunghyul-tang three times a day. We observed clinical symptoms Blood pressure, Capillary blood glucose, BMI, Body weight. Cholesterol, Triglyceride. After the treatment, The main symptom, blood pressure, capillary blood glucose(PP2hr), Hypercholesterol, Hypertriglyceride were improved. and BMI levels fell. This case shows that Yagwanchunghyul-tang has an effect on Metabolic syndrome like a Hypertension, Diabetes, Hyperlipidermia, Hypertriglyceride.

Obhectives : The purposes of this study are to evaluate the effect of zymolysis-dietotherapy with herbal medicine on the obesity in Sasang constitution Methods : Seventy five patients were classified into four obesity groups by Body Mass Index, and four Sasang constitution groups by QSCC. Weight, body fat, body fat rate, BMI were compared in each group. Results : Weight, body fat, body fat rate, BMI were decreased significantly in all groups. There was statistically significant difference in the loss of weight, BMI between Taeumin and others. Decrement of body fat rate is not statistically significant between Taeumin and others. Conclusions : In conclusion, it was proved that zymolysis-dietotherapy with herbal medication is effective on the obesity treatment of all Sasang constitution groups. And the group of Taeumin lose more weight.

Purpose : This paper is aim to report the effects of Gamisoyosan(加味逍遙散) on the UL-syndrome(鬱症) Methods : This is two cases report of female patient suffering from headache, chest discomfort, heart burning, insomnia, dyspepsia, anorexia, fatigue and other symptoms due to chronic stress. 52 years old woman who diagnosed UL-syndrome(鬱症) was enrolled in this study. We gave her Gamisoyosan(加味逍遙散) 2 times, each for 3 weeks. During the treatments, we check changes of symptoms and HRSD. Results : After the oriental medical treatments, symptoms of UL-syndrome(鬱症) were decreased or disappeared. Conclusion : This clinical case indicate that Gamisoyosan(加味逍遙散) is effective in treatment of the depression disorder and symptoms of UL-syndrome(鬱症). More clinical data and studies are requested for the treatment of UL-syndrome(鬱症).

Purpose: This paper is aim to report the effects of Kamisoyosan-gamibang (加味逍遙散加味方) on the back pain patient who was diagmosed gan-ul(肝鬱) Methods: A Woman, 48 years old, who had back pain, was enrolled in this study. She received herbal medicine for several months. During the treatments, we requested her to visit hospital every two weeks. Results: After the treatments, back pain was decreased. Conclusion: This clinical case indicate that Kamisoyosan-gamibang is effective in treatment of menopausal disorder patient who had back pain. More clinical data and studies are requested for the treatment of menopausal disorder.

Purpose: This paper is aim to report the effects of Sopungsan-gamibang(消風散加味方) on the Dermatoses Gravidrum. Methods: Two women who had been suffering from itching, plague, erythema during pregnancy were enrolled in this study and they were diagnosed Dermatoses Gravidrum. They received oriental treatment such as herbal medicine. we gave them Sopungsan-gamibang 3 times. During the treatments, we requested them to visit hospital twice a week. If they could not come to hospital, we called them to take follow-up. Conclusion: This clinical cases indicate that Sopungsan-gamibang is effective in treatment of the Dermatoses Gravidrum and can prevent chronic progress and relapse of symptoms. More clinical data and studies are requested for the treatment of Dermatoses Gravidrum.

Objective : The purpose of this study was to review on exercise therapy of oriental medicine and investigate the effect of Oriental medicine's exercise therapy. Methods : We have researched and analyzed theories and literatures of Oriental medicine's exercise therapy. Result : The following results were obtained in this study. 1. The Doin therapy is one of Oriental medicine's traditional rules for one´s health which based on 'Unity of Heaven and Man'. It grow and supply the 'Qi' for improve health, and connote solution of modern society's various diseases. 2. The Chuna therapy is one of Oriental medicine's traditional therapy that treat harden, set in or malposition of musculoskeletal system 3. Meditation refers to all activities that concentrate the consciousness to current state, have physiological and psychological effects such as pain and stress management. 4. Oriental medicine's exercise therapy connote the strength that apply to medical care for the aged and psychical disorders of modern man. 5. For revitalization of Oriental medicine's exercise therapy, need more active public relations, develop modern methods of Qigong and Significant clinical research on the effects must be carried out. Conclusion : Oriental medicine's exercise therapy can be a solution to various diseases of modern society, and need significant research for revitalization.

Objective : Sasang constitution medicine utilizes voice characteristics to diagnose a person's constitution. In this paper we propose methods to analyze Sasang constitution using speech information technology. That is, this study aims at establishing the relationship between Sasang constitutions and their corresponding voice characteristics by investigating various speech variables. Materials & Methods : Voice recordings of 1,406 speakers are obtained whose constitutions have been already diagnosed by the experts in the fields. A total of 144 speech features obtained from five vowels and a sentence are used. The features include pitch, intensity, formant, bandwidth, MDVP and MFCC related variables for each constitution. We analyze the speech variables and find whether there are statistically significant differences among three constitutions. Results : The main speech variables classifying three constitutions are related to pitch and MFCCs for male, and formant and MFCCs for female. The correct decision rate is 73.7% for male Soeumin, 63.3% for male Soyangin, 57.3% for male Taeumin, 74.0% for female Soeumin, 75.6% for female Soyangin, 94.3% for female Taeumin, and 73.0% on the average. Conclusion : Experimental results show that statistically significant correlation between some speech variables and the constitutions is observed.