Working from home is increasing worldwide due to the spread of COVID-19, and the sudden telecommuting environment in existing residential spaces has caused a lot of inconvenience. This study deals with the variable system and space developed to support working from home in existing residences. The purpose of this study is to find a way to secure a flexible independent working from home space at any time, and to design a housing model using smart wall system. To achieve this, 1) Problem analyzed and requirements were derived of residential spaces for working from home, 2) A smart wall system was built for the realization of a flexible teleworking space at any time, and a plan was sought for its utilization. 3) A variable space was designed using a smart wall that varies in various ways. The smart wall presented in this study is a system that secures variable performance, IoT communication easiness, and information display performance while including furniture and devices so that a telecommuting space can be newly constructed. By using this, it was designed on a basic floor plan of an apartment of 84m², the size of a national house, and 5 ways to use it were derived, designed and simulated based on the scenarios for each space. In addition, in order to realize various variable spaces, it has implications that the variable space of a columnar structure should be a base structure.

This study aims to analyze the expression characteristics regarding the general public's architectural aesthetic sensibility vocabulary that targets public buildings. Three surveys were conducted on 975 Seoul citizens to collect data on this vocabulary and analyze its relevance to architectural aesthetic scores. The results indicated that the general public had a very strong tendency to infer and interpret shapes and forms when evaluating architectural aesthetic. The relationship between the architectural aesthetic sensibility vocabulary and the score of architectural aesthetic was formed. Architectural aesthetic sensibility vocabulary received high evaluation for the words mystical, luxurious, symbolic, and constructive. The architectural aesthetic expression of the words aesthetic or futuristic was also effective as a high-scoring strategy. The general public had a lot of interest in harmony; the subject that had the greatest influence on architectural aesthetic was the functional issue. The results of this study can be used as basic data related to building design strategy establishment and text-based architectural aesthetic research. Furthermore, it can be used as the basis for establishing emotional marketing strategies that use architectural aesthetic.

This study considers the exhibition characteristics of private aquariums built in South Korea after 2014 with a total area of 10,000 m² or more. The exhibition space of a private aquarium in South Korea was 51.3% of the total area, which is 1.7 times higher than the recommended value of 30.6%. This was higher than the average of 27.80% for Japanese aquariums. The educational part was the basic function of the aquarium at 0.63%, making it lower than the recommended value of 2.1%. The aquarium part was configured to display and independently observe marine animals and large fish focusing on the oceanarium aspect for all aquarium types. Small fish and freshwater fish were exhibited in the flat window water tank, train window water tank, and small water tank. At the end and middle of the exhibition, there was a touch pool for educational and experiential purposes, which is a function of the aquarium that occupies less than 1% of the total area. The movement between the layers is like walking in the sea, building a tunnel aquarium by combining slopes. The flow of the exhibition starts from the top floor and moves up and down.

This study aims to draw evaluation criteria to assess the quality of living in zero energy housing and to suggest assessment systems that reflect important criteria from experts. There was a total of 61 categories among four properties that covered functionality, convenience, comfort, economic feasibility, and satisfaction. Based on the perspective of experts, the numerical scoring of important criteria was out of 100; this allowed for objective scores among various evaluation cases to be used in a comparative analysis. Residents' satisfaction was classified into four levels based on the total score: the very highest, the top, the middle and the lowest. The suggested assessment systems and evaluation criteria related to the quality of living in zero energy housings could be leveraged across pilot projects to contribute in various ways for the mandatory 2025 Zero Energy Housing Policy.

Ten years have passed since BIM was first introduced in Korea. The transition to a digital work environment for integrated management and utilization of information is slow compared to the rapid and diverse development of BIM operation technology. This is due to different construction fields use different BIM authoring tools, so information severance occurs in the information exchange process for collaboration. To address this issue, research on the dissemination and improvement of the neutral file (IFC) has continued, but it is difficult to use it in practice due to its structural limitations. As a result, the increased workload and work errors have negatively impacted the reliability of the built BIM information where there is a reluctance to fully utilize this BIM technology. The purpose of this study is to propose an information management method that can be applied in practice to improve the information scission phenomenon during the BIM collaboration process. The architectural design BIM collaboration processes where information production and change processes occurred frequently were focused on. A fact-finding survey was conducted to increase practicality, and the collaboration procedure was established by analyzing the characteristics of information exchange during the collaboration process using the DSM (Design Structure Metrics) technique. An information exchange test was performed according to the established procedure to derive the cause of the problem. To solve the derived problem, existing studies and cases were reviewed to suggest ways to use Open API. To verify the effectiveness of this plan, a support tool was developed and verified according to this procedure.

This study was conducted to identify the status and types of temporary residential facilities used by migrants who suffered residential damage due to natural disasters and disasters, and to solve the problems of existing temporary residential facilities. In Korea, existing temporary residential facilities are most common to use tents, and there were also methods of using completed containers. In order to secure the problems of existing temporary housing facilities, domestic and foreign cases were classified and analyzed into various types. As a result of the analysis, there were transportability, storage, privacy, and insulation problems. To solve this problem, this research studied a new temporary housing facility using the concept of a folding system.

What is disability? The general perception of disability is negative, and is usually regarded with hate, and a hope that facilities related to it will not enter the residential areas. However, we consider it necessary to change the perception that disability is negative; instead, it is only a lack of certain abilities. We focused on the reinterpretation of a closed school located in a deteriorating site, and the characteristics of children with developmental disabilities. The purpose of this study was to propose an appropriate and necessary space for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Research results, that the creation of an environment based on sensory integration has a large effect on the task performance and satisfaction of children with autism spectrum disorders, was critically conceived. Inspired by the biophilic design, which applies the visual effects of nature to spatial design, the design concept for creating a healing environment for sensory integration was proposed. First, the geographical and socio-communal conditions of the deteriorated and closed Yeomgang Elementary School region were analyzed. Thereafter, in selecting a program to revitalize an aging area, a program based on healing agriculture was derived as an economically independent space that could directly produce agricultural products by connecting the surrounding green areas. Finally, the strategy for space composition was presented to share the perception of developmental disabilities, and the spatial environment was differentiated by focusing on the change in behavior according to severity. This architectural design project presents new healing cultural facilities that share the recognition of autism spectrum disorder in the Yeomgang Elementary School region. Consequently, citizens can enjoy together in a healing facility for children with developmental disabilities to be reborn as a new cultural base in the region.

Information asymmetry is the biggest reason for variations and change orders in the field of construction. These issues lead to increased construction period and cost, legal claims, and disputes. Especially, the design of a special tree is difficult for clients to perceive the description of the tree due to the limited experience and information. Consequently, designers have used representation tools such as 2D CAD or BIM to make their proposals easier for clients to understand more intuitive. However, existing representation tools require professional knowledge and the ability to imagine or shape the information, which intensifies difficulties in communication between practitioners and clients. Thus, more immersive realistic models in virtual-reality or mixed-reality environments are applied in the design review process to support decision-making. In this study, the mixed reality was introduced to determine whether it could be used as a representation tool while supporting the client's special tree design decision-making. To verify this hypothesis, an experiment, about the installation of a special tree in the landscape design review phase, was conducted to compare mixed reality with the 2D CAD drawing plans, which is the representative design proposal representation. In addition, 12 questionnaires are classified by each category, understanding of space, understanding of greenery, and decision-making supporting. Mann-Whitney U test and paired t-test were conducted to analyze the significance between previous representation tools and mixed-reality about the understanding of space, design, and greenery. In addition, the correlation between understanding and decision-making support for landscape design review was analyzed by applying the Pearson correlation coefficient. As a result, it was found that mixed-reality is more intuitive and easier than 2D CAD drawings to understand essential information such as spatial, design, and scale information in the design review phase of a special tree. Even with the technical limitations of tactility visualization in mixed-reality, quick introduction of this innovative tool would support clients to determine the size and installation location of a special tree.

The purpose of this study is to derive the architectural characteristics, principal building plan and temple arrangement of Hwangboksaji Temple Site by examining the layout of the temple and the aspects of individual building sites based on the recent excavation results of this site. The first arrangement of Hwangboksaji Temple Site had the central axis of the north-south and two wooden pagodas. This is the earliest case in the type two pagodas and one main hall. However, there is a possibility that the two pagodas are not actual pagodas because of the difference found from the remains of a general wooden pagoda. There is a possibility that the main hall existed in the empty area between the pagodas and building no. 1. After the construction of the Three-story Stone Pagoda of Hwangboksaji Temple Site in Gyeongju, the arrangement of the temple changed its central axis to east-west and the buildings were newly constructed and rearranged accordingly. Also, the building remains of no. 12 and no. 13 from the second excavation survey had the possibility of being a single building and dorter.

The maintenance of architectural relics has been influenced by the paradigm of the times. The recent trend in the maintenance of architectural relics is that various interpretations of its nature are being expressed. This study first considered Gadamer's philosophical Hermeneutics theory among the many factors that led to this trend. In the maintenance of architectural relics, Gadamer's Hermeneutics theory is largely reflected in three concepts. First, various interpretations are being expressed according to the individual differences between the subject and performer of the interpretation. Second, the continuity of time is being expressed to fuse the horizons of the past, present, and future. Third, the publicity of culture is applied in the concept of universality that pursues the identity of the entire human. El Born CCM and Mireuksaji are representative examples that Gadamer's Hermeneutics theory is well reflected in the maintenance of architectural relics.

This study infers the Royal throne of the rebuilt Sajeongjeon (思政殿) pavilion of Gyeongbokgung palace by analyzing the usage and settings of pyeonjeon in the royal office hall during the Gojong period of the Joseon dynasty. There is no known document or figure showing the inner space of Sajeongjeon at that time. Therefore, it must be inferred by using other indirect sources. The most important feature of the Royal throne of this pavilion was that there was no evidence of making dangga, the ciborium canopy above the throne. In the Gyeongbokgung Yeonggeonilgi (景福宮營建日記) there is an extensive record of reconstruction of this Royal palace during the year of 1865-1868, nothing was recorded about the canopy of Sajeonjeon, but Geunjeongejon was clearly recorded. This means that the physical reconstruction involving the function and usage of the pavilion did not return to the old system of the early Joseon period. In the Sajeongjeon pavilion, only several cases of political meetings were held during the Gojong period. The original main ceremony of pyeonjeon and sangcham were not held. Even for a casual meeting, the setting of the inner space was similar to the sangcham ceremony. The Royal throne of this pavilion might have been composed of Gyoyi(交椅) on the wooden rostrum in front of the painted screen. This screen was located between two columns of the rear part of the hall without a canopy above the throne. These were movable objects dependent upon the ceremony type.

This study aims to investigate the relationship between girder height and the design process of ancient Chinese architecture based on Yingzaofashi(營造法式), the official building engineering code book published by the Song government in A.D. 1103. The original texts about girder height on Yingzaofashi were not clear to understand due to being written from the perspective of the making process of girders. At first, the original texts were analyzed, disorganized, and reassembled from the view of building design. There were eight building types confirmed through the combination of structure types and girder types based on the reassembled texts. One main condition and three subordinate conditions were reexamined based on their related building type. It was found that the dimension was roughly decided by the length of the girder and closely regulated by the depth of bracket sets called Puzuo(鋪作), which is the depth of the whole building or the layout of girders beneath the grid ceiling according to the related building type. The basic dimension of girders were decided in the unit of Cai(材) and Zhi(?) based on the length of rectangular section girders, and the artistic girders called YueLiang(月梁) were returned to the unit of Fen(分°), the 1/15 of Cai height for making a curved surface and details.

In his re-evaluation of minimal art, Hal Foster contended that minimalism is both a contraction of sculpture to a modernist's pure object and an expansion of sculpture beyond recognition. This study discusses objectivity as an object and expandability beyond the object, which is the basis for both minimal architecture and landscape architecture. Objectivity appears differently depending on the position and form. In the mid-1960s, minimal, anti-form-based art pursued a blank form; Donald Judd and Robert Morris conceptually redefined the condition of their work to overcome the controversy over its form. Minimal architecture also started from an anti-formal standpoint, positioning itself against the deconstructivism and postmodern architecture of the 1980s and 1990s. They focused on the perceptual effects of the architectural surface and viewed minimalism as a tool that made these effects possible. As a result, the architectural surface became an ornament, and the focus shifted from objective form to image form. In contrast, minimal landscape architecture understood minimal art as a pure form. In the 1980s and 1990s, they focused on the visibility and formal strength of minimal art. Minimal architecture and landscape architecture more actively applied expandability. Foster pointed out that minimalism sculpture was repositioned among objects and redefined in terms of place. These characteristics were deepened in minimal architecture and landscape architecture where complex contexts such as the changing processes of nature, topography, social contexts, and physical activity are considered. Minimalism seems to embrace the anti-form and form duality because it encompasses both the perception of an indifferent form and the visibility that comes from formal conciseness. Objectivity and expandability are fundamental properties of minimalism across genres.

Ondol installation and window plan for cold weather was analyzed through dormitory drawings of a governmental facility to identify its characteristics in the Japanese colonial period. There were 76 cases surveyed as government dormitories that were evenly distributed by region and period. Most were planned with a western wooden structure. In 1910s, it was mainly a single story, but a two-story dormitory was gradually built. The heating system and windows were the most important for cold weather; various types of heating systems such as an ondol was used. The number of dormitories with a heating system gradually increased by period; the use rate was higher in the north. The use of windows for cold weather had also gradually increased such as the double-glazing window, the storm window, and the protruding double window. The ondol was used during this period as the main heating system. However, unlike the increasing use of a heating system, the use of the ondol decreased. This aspect was quite different from the increasing trend seen in official residences. In addition, the ondol was mainly installed in the dormitory frequently used by Koreans. Starting from around 1920, a closed double fireplace was commonly used. The advantages of this improvement influenced the movement of the fireplace location into the building and the simplification of the fireplace installation space. And as the fireplace was directly used in the inner corridor, management of it became more convenient.

In the 1960s, architect Kim Chung-up left several of his work at Jeju National University. However, sufficient research had not been conducted on his work other than the former headquarter building located there. The purpose of this study is to uncover the architectural characteristics of Kim's works by reviewing various past photographic materials and literature related to this university in the 1960s. Upon analysis, the new details disclosed that Moon, Jong-Chul, Dean of Jeju National University at that time, had planned the entire campus master plan from the beginning of his inauguration. Several buildings for the Department of Agriculture utilized stones from the local area as structure walls. This revealed that the architect's design was influenced by the vernacular architecture of the city of Jeju. The romantic design of the former headquarter building was influenced by his previous Department of Agriculture building designs. Lastly, unlike the former headquarter building, the building of the Department of Fisheries showed typical design techniques of 1960s buildings. By examining existing literature and materials, the process and characteristics of Kim Chung-up's original works at Jeju National University were discovered.

This study examined the types and features of the follies presented in the 1983 exhibition of Follies: Architecture for the Late-Twentieth-Century Landscape. In this exhibition, follies were studied and presented in various ways as the landscape architecture of the late 20th century that ranged from classical follies to new types like the deconstructivist folies of Tschumi. Types related to classical follies include classical nymphs and neoclassical pavilions, Japanese tea houses, tents, grotto complexes, figurative pavilions and gazebo towers, windmills, and kinetic objects. On the other hand, this study found new folly types, such as abstract arrays, texts, digital simulations, and decompositional or deconstructive fragments. Their features include prefabricated structure, Miesian universal space, architectural prototypes, eventful performance, allegorical narrative, architectural frame containing urban landscape, kinetic experimentality, abstract objet, semiotic text, cyber simulation, topology, and deconstructionism. In particular, these deconstructivist follies were found to have influenced the Deconstructivist Architecture exhibition in 1988 and the International Garden and Greenery Exposition in 1990.

This study interprets a museum's changes in accessibility in tourist cities through angle and limit distance range based on urban hierarchy. The space around museums in Busan city was quantified using a space syntax to understand such changes. The through angle of t1024 and limit distance range was expanded from 250m up to 2,000m, along with the changes to global integration and local integration of the axial map corresponding to these museums; the integration indices of the segment map according to the through angle and limit distance were identified using the multinomial curve fitting regression analysis. The results showed that the global integration of museum forms a more apparent correlation with the resulting values of the distance weight, and the coefficients of determination with high explanation power were seen in the radii from 1,000m up to 2,000m. This leads to the understanding that when the location of a museum in a tourist city is considered, it is plausible to consider the range of 1,000m to 2,000m based on the accessibility of the entire city. In addition, the inflection point occurs due to the characteristics of the regression equation; therefore, it was decided that the downward trend before the inflection point needs to be dismissed. The museums corresponding to the lowest portion of the urban hierarchy revealed inverse reactions when the limit distance range was considered. It was estimated that there would be disadvantages to the accessibility of the location of such museums.

The color regulations in urban planning have led to the question of how to deal with various individual preferences regarding city color. Busan City was chosen as an example. A questionnaire survey was conducted to apply a descriptive statistical analysis and a non-linear canonical correlation model to study urban color preferences and the influence of personal attributes. It was found that personal attributes including age, occupation, educational background, residential location, and type of residence had a significant impact on urban color preferences, gender has relatively little influence and monthly income had no significant impact. In addition, people with different attributes had different color preferences, mainly hue preferences. The application of the non-linear canonical correlation model provided a new and comprehensive perspective on this study of city color by grouping city color preferences with population characteristics. Moreover, our findings had a reference value to help update and develop city color guidelines; it can also be applied in the fields of architectural design and urban planning.

Securing a young population is important for regional development, therefore it is necessary to understand the movement patterns of young people. The main causes of young population movement are college admissions and job options; occupational mobility of college graduates are closely related to regional development. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the employment movement between regions of college graduates. The movement types of college graduates were divided into regional completion type, residual type, return type, leakage type, and flow type; the regions were divided into Seoul metropolitan area (SMA), Seoul area, Gyeonggi area, Chungcheong area, Jeolla area, Gyeongsang area, Gangwon area, and Jeju area. The 2009-2018 graduate occupational mobility survey (GOMS) data provided by the Korea Employment Information Service was used, and a descriptive analysis was performed on the movement of college graduates between regions during this period. The analysis results revealed that the SMA, Jeolla area, Gyeongsang area, and Jeju area had high rates of college admissions and employment in their hometown. The proportion of movement from other regions to the SMA for college entrance and employment increased. Gyeonggi, Jeju, and Jeolla areas showed high rates of college admissions and employment in their hometown, but the rate of leakage to other regions upon college graduation increased. Chungcheong and Gangwon areas had a high rate of inflow from other areas and moved back to other areas or hometowns upon college graduation. In conclusion, the movement of college graduates was analyzed to show various patterns by region. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the types of youth movement in each region and to promote regional development policies based on these.

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) commercialization is expanding to many countries and cities. The operation model of UAM is expected to be diverse, and the installation form for the ground infrastructure will vary depending on the operation model. Therefore, before the commercialization of UAM, it is necessary to derive a UAM operation model suitable for an urban area. A suitable UAM operation model is expected to vary depending on the spatial structure of this urban area, but research on this is insufficient. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to categorize metropolitan areas based on its urban spatial structural characteristics related to UAM operation and to propose a UAM operation model suitable for each type. This study analyzed Functional Urban Areas (FUA) classified by the OECD. FUAs with a population of more than 1.5 million were extracted, and 105 FUAs from 23 countries were included in this study. By constructing urban spatial structure characteristic variable data related to UAM operation, factor analysis was conducted, and cluster analysis was performed using these factor scores. The analysis results revealed four types of FUA were derived: a sprawl metropolitan area, a multi-centered urban area, a low-income high-density urban area, and a high-income low-density urban area. MaaS and Air Metro models were suitable for the sprawl metropolitan area. For multi-centered urban areas, the PAV and Air Taxi models were suitable. The Air Metro model was suitable for low-income high-density urban areas. Lastly, the PAV and Air Taxi models were suitable for high-income low-density urban areas.

ECO2 is the de facto building energy calculation tool in South Korea; it prescribes deterministic usage profiles such as people, lighting, equipment and ventilation. However, it has been widely acknowledged that such deterministic approaches cannot take into account stochastic thermal behavior in buildings. With this in mind, the authors investigated the difference in building energy prediction between deterministic and stochastic approaches. For the stochastic approach, EnegyPlus, one of the most advanced dynamic building simulation tools, was selected. Latin Hypercube Sampling was employed to generate 1,000 simulation cases of the DOE medium-office reference building. It is found that there is a significant difference between deterministic and stochastic approaches. It is suggested that the stochastic approach must be considered for rational decision making of building energy certification rating.

The importance of activating zero-energy building certification was analyzed for designers and builders. A comparative analysis was conducted to reveal what designers and builders deemed important as it pertained to policy, technology, education, incentives, and promotion. For designers, policy items were found to value energy expert training and the office registration system. For contractors, items on technology were more important than policies and they placed value on the maintenance of the design system. Important factors for both designers and builders regarding the technology items involved the development of various residential and non-residential standard models and design consulting support. As for the education items, both designers and contractors saw insulation, confidential education, and conceptual education as important factors for activation. For the incentive items, both groups viewed incentives for easing the floor area ratio and building height standard as an important factor for activation. Lastly, for the promotion items, both designers and contractors selected promotions for builders or ordering customers as the most important activation factor. Through this study, it is expected that the direction of policy definition factoring practitioners can contribute to the preparation process of revitalizing the certification of zero-energy buildings.

Required evacuation time is a very important factor in Performance-based design for egress safety. If the building has large space or numbers of occupants, location of exit stairs on the floor has great influences on egress time. According to the Building Code, two or more stairs need to be installed for buildings over a standard size because the placement of stairs is related to the design of two-way evacuation. In South of Korea, a standard for walking distance to exits is only considered to relate to placement of the exits. This study analyzes a way to place egress stairs and an improvement of evacuation, targeting buildings which comparatively have large floor area. In this study, walking distance and exits separation are considered regarding to placement of escape stairs to reduce evacuation time. First, the cases of public library in Korea are analyzed. The evacuation time change which depends on the distance is observed through evacuation simulation based on the public library drawings. As a result, evacuation time is reduced from a maximum 16% to minimum 4.4% when the exit stairs separation rule is considered. However, when stairs are placed in the middle of the floor, the application of exit separation rules increases egress time to maximum 28%. It will be continued to study on standards in relation to the number of exits and kinds of types of floor plans.

Since the international community adopted the Kyoto Protocol, which obliges developed countries to solve the climate change problem in 1997, Korea has ratified the 2015 Paris Agreement, which involves both developed and developing countries on November 3, 2016. In October 2021, the 2050 Carbon Neutral Scenario and the 2030 National Greenhouse Gas Reduction Goal were reviewed and resolved, and in 2050, the National Greenhouse Gas Reduction Goal (NDC) was significantly raised from the previous reduction target of 26.3% to 40% compared to 2018. Accordingly, in the case of the building sector, the goal is to reduce to 35.0 million tons (32.8% compared to 2018) in 2030 and 6.2 million tons (88.1%) in both A and B plans in 2050. In order to implement these reduction targets, it is basically necessary to confirm the energy usage, greenhouse gas emissions based on the characteristics of each use of the building, and the possibility of greenhouse gas reduction targets in 2030 and 2050. For example, buildings are largely divided into residential and non-residential use, and residential use can be divided into two types of detached houses and multi-family housing, and non-residential use can be classified into 28 types. Basic data on the characteristics of energy use by building use can be obtained from Green Together (greentogether.go.kr) of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. This data provides data on building energy usage for four years from 2018 to 2021, but does not provide data on greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, in this study, based on Green Together's energy usage data, the characteristics of greenhouse gas emissions by building use were examined, and through this, basic data were presented on how to achieve the reduction goal of the building sector in 2030 and 2050.

This study examined the flexural response of thermal-meta precast concrete panels developed for high-insulation and nonflammable exterior building materials as an alternative of the conventional sandwich panels. The main parameters investigated were the connection type at the panel-to-base interface and span continuity. The conventional splice sleeve method and welding connection were considered at the panel-to-base interface for each one- and two-span panels. The panel section was composed of top and bottom concrete layers and inner thermal-meta layer using honeycomb paper, producing the overall depth of 350 mm. The top and bottom concrete layers were reinforced using deformed bars with a diameter of 10 mm. Test results showed that the investigated panel-to-base interface can be considered as fixed-end condition from the crack distribution and comparisons between experiments and predictions for the initial flexural crack strength and the ultimate flexural strength. The displacement ductility ratio of panel specimens satisfied the design requirements derived from seismic design provision of KBC 2016. Overall, the developed precast concrete thermal-meta panels exhibited a good flexural resistance and ductility, achieving the grade one for strength classification specified in KS F 4736.

This study classified a detailed category of a line-type Hanok based on its plan type, spatial layout and evaluated the torsional irregularity of this line-type Hanok. The line-type Hanok was classified into seven categories: perfectly symmetry, partial asymmetry, partial protrusion, single open corner, complex, elongated rectangle, and multiple open corners. There were 22 cases of line-type Hanoks evaluated on torsional irregularity; the results revealed that 21 cases belonged to torsional irregular and only one case belonged to torsional regular. The X-directional average eccentricity ratio for all seven categories exceeded 100%. Among them, the perfectly symmetry type reflected the smallest value of 105% and the multiple open corners type showed the largest value of 484%. The Y-directional average eccentricity ratio of multiple open corners type was found to be 119%, which is larger than 100%; the remaining six types showed less than 100%. It is anticipated that the results of this study can be utilized on initial seismic design and seismic evaluation of existing and newly built Hanok.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the insulation performance and construction performance of the surface-enhanced cement-based insulation for condensation prevention('the developed composite insulation') developed to solve the problems of the insulation for condensation prevention constructed as substrate according to the finishing method. In order to analyze the insulation performance, a thermal conductivity test of the material and a heat transfer analysis of the part of apartment plane were performed. In order to analyze the construction performance, experiments were designed and conducted according to the finishing method. As a result of the experiment, it was confirmed that unlike the insulating mortar used on the tile substrate, the developed composite insulation has legal standard insulation performance. It was confirmed that the developed composite insulation has adhesion strength and construction stability to tiles. It was confirmed that the developed composite insulation also had adhesion strength of the wallpaper/putty and the adhesion strength against twisting. In addition, it was confirmed that the developed composite insulation has waterproof capacity and construction stability.

In Korea, participants in the construction phase of public sector construction projects refer to the procedures of public organizations and perform design changes in accordance with administrative rules. However, there are differences between these documents in form, structure, and elements depending on the purpose of the enactment, so it is confusing for practitioners to carry out design change works. Therefore, in this study, the design change process in the existing literature was analyzed for design change due to design defects, which account for the highest proportion of design change cases, and then the process was systematically restructured. In order to review the adequacy of the reconstructed design change process, an interview with experts was conducted. As a result, the opinion was investigated that the problems of duplication, omission, and conflict in the existing design change process were resolved. It is expected that the results of this study can be used as basic data when revising laws in the future.

This study presents the development process and application effect of project management system to efficiently manage OSC projects which are recently getting more attention. We conducted literature review, case analysis, and expert interviews to identify the characteristics of the OSC project management and to derive the requirements and necessary functions that the management system should have. Based on the results of the preliminary study, the OSC project management system was implemented and the effect was analyzed by applying it to the field. It was found that the management system improved the efficiency and accuracy of management work and reduced unnecessary time and effort at each stage of factory production, transportation, and on-site installation. This study is meaningful in that it identified the characteristics of OSC project management, derived the requirements and necessary functions of OSC project management system, and presented practical applicability by developing management system and analyzing the application effect.