This paper is shows the configuration of the maximum power tracking control of Photo-voltaic and battery charge system. Up to now, the chopper system had the problem which a battery become a short life by reason of discontinuity of output current and its energy reduce. But in this paper, We propose the chopper system which maintain the successive output current and at the same time, control the maximum output location by change time-ratio using tracking of energy variation that occur because of the varied volume of insolation per a day and temperature.

A large number of methods for the design optimization have been proposed in recent years. However, it is not easy to apply these methods to practical use because of many iterations. So, in the design optimization, physical and engineering investigation of the given model are very important, which results in an overall increase in the optimization speed. This paper describes a novel optimization procedure utilizing the conformal transformation method. This approach consists of two phases and has the advantage of grasping the physical phenomena of the model easily. Some numerical results that demonstrate the validity of the proposed method are also presented.

This paper describes the problems associated with the use of PWM ASDs to drive induction motors. A major effect of harmonic voltages and currents in induction motors is increased heating due to iron and copper losses at harmonic frequencies. The harmonic components thus affect the motor efficiency, and can also affect the torque developed. In order to investigate the effect of harmonics which is caused by using of nonlinear load at the low voltage system, we fixed up simple load model and measured the voltage and current. Measurement. results show that additional operation of linear load at the parallel bus in using nonlinear load such as ASD is helpful to the reduction of harmonic current.

In this paper, we constitute H/W systems for the accurate control of DC servo motor. This H/W systems are designed by applying a simple genetic algorithm (SGA) to the robust $H_{\infty}$ control system and the intelligent Fuzzy control system of DC motor, respectively. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed systems, the characteristics of this systems are analysed and simulated.

This paper presents a novel design approach composed of two sequential processes for 3D magnetic shielding problems, which results in the global optimum solution in a shorter time. The feature of the proposed approach is the adoption of the specific boundary element with permeability of infinity. Assuming the permeability of infinity enables us to regard the thickness of ferromagnetic shields as infinitesimal, and thus to simplify the investigated model adequately in numerical analysis. This reduces the number of unknown variables and saves us a large amount of CPU-time for grasping the broad characteristics of the model. Some numerical results that demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach are also presented.

대기환경오염물질인 NO가스의 제거를 위하여 방전관을 채용한 3전극-2갭 방식의 새로운 형태의 오존발생기를 설계 제작하였다. 본 논문에서는 원료가스의 유량, 방전전력 및 오존발생기의 사용 개수 변화에 따른 방전특성과 오존생성특성을 연구 검토하였으며, 오존발생기로부터 생성된 오존을 NO가스에 접촉시켰을 때 NO 제거특성이 우수하여 방전관형 오존발생기가 대기환경개선 설비로 적용 가능함을 확인하였다.

대부분의 회사는 신입 사원에 대하여 사내교육을 실시하여 회사에서 필요한 실무 지향적이고, 현장 적응능력을 높이기 위한 교육을 실시하고 있다. 이러한 기업의 역할을 대학이 맡아서 취업 전 취업 대상 학생들에게 특정 기업들이 필요로 하는 특정한 내용을 도출한다. 도출된 내용을 집중적으로 교육하여 취업시키므로 기업 요구도를 높이고, 취업을 활성화하고, 기업 발전에 도움을 주며, 나아가 국가 발전에 기여함을 목적으로 한다.

Thomson's jumping ring was first exhibited by Elihu Thomson in 1887 and modified to include the floating variation by John A. Fleming in 1890. This vivid demonstration of electromagnetic induction is still used in physics classrooms to illustrate Faraday's and Lenz's laws and is the basis for linear actuators for sorvo-mechanical purpose as well as induction heating and rail guns. The jumping ring apparatus of the type described in this study is used to demonstrate and educate the effects of electromagnetic induction. To verify control algorithm, a sensor system and a data control/measurement system is required. The sensor system consist of photo-interrupted and encode circuit which is designed to take voltage according to the position of ring.

The purpose of this paper is improvement the piezoelectric of Polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF) organic thin films is fabricated by vapor deposition method. The piezoelectric of PVDF organic thin films attributed to dipole orientation in crystalline region. Also, the piezoelectric characteristic reduced that dipole moments orientation in crystalline region interfered with impurity carriers. Therefore, PVDF organic thin films fabricated with high substrate temperature condition for crystallinity improvement. The crystallinity of PVDF organic thin films fabricated by this condition increase from 47 to 67.8%. The ion density of PVDF organic thin films fabricated by substrate temperature variation from $30^{\circ}C$ to $105^{\circ}C$ decreased from $1.62{\times}10^{16}cm^3$ to $6.75{\times}10^{11}cm^3$ when temperature and frequency were $100^{\circ}C$, 10Hz, respectively. The $d_{33}$ and piezo-voltage coefficient of PVDF organic thin films increased from 20pPC/N to 33pC/N and $162.9{\times}10^{-3}V{\cdot}m/N$ to $283.2{\times}10^{-3}V{\cdot}m/N$, respectively. For the sake of the applications of piezoelectric sensor, we analyzed the output voltage characteristic as a function of the distance between an oscillator of 28kHz and PVDF organic thin film transducer. From this, we found that the output voltage is inversely proportional to the distance. At this time, the period was about $35.798{\mu}s$ and equal the oscillator frequency.

본 논문은 Substrate의 온도를 200[$^{\circ}C$]로 유지하며 진공 저항 가열 증착법을 이용하여 ITO/Si 태양전지를 제작한 후 그 전기적 특성을 조사하였다. 전지의 단락전류와 개방전압의 열처리 온도의존성은 약450[$^{\circ}C$]이상부터 증가하여 650[$^{\circ}C$]부근에서 최대치를 나타내었다. 단락전류와 열처리 시간과의 관계에서는 증착시간이 15분 정도에서 최대치를 나타내었다. 일정한 태양에너지 조도 하에서 $SnO_2$의 성분비율을 높여감에 따라 전지의 개방전압과 단락전류는 다소 감소한 후 일정한 값으로 안정되는 경향을 나타내었다.

본 연구에서는 인터넷을 이용하여 원격으로 사용전력량을 검침하며, 여름철 첨두 부하시 부족한 전력량을 효율적으로 운영하는 시스템을 개발한다. 특히 세대수가 밀집되어 최대수요전력 제어 효과가 높은 아파트를 우선적으로 제어 대상 지역으로 선정하며, 이에 맞는 구조로 저렴하고 동작이 확실한 시스템을 구성한다. 대개의 아파트는 자체 망이 구성되어 있으므로 인터넷 통신망에 접속하기 쉬우며 또한 신규 설치 시에도 저렴하게 시공할 수 있는 환경을 제공한다. 또한 본 연구에서 POST를 구성하는 산업용 임베디드 리눅스는 기존의 제어기를 구성하던 임베디드 시스템에 실시간 운영체제인 리눅스를 실장시켜 사용한다.

This paper presents a high-performance control system for Reluctance Synchronous Motor (RSM) drives with direct torque control (DTC). The system consist of stator flux observer, rotor position/speed estimator, torque estimator, two hysteresis band controllers, an optimal switching look-up table, IGBT voltage source inverter, and F240/C31DSP controller by using fully integrated control software. The stator flux observer is based on the combined voltage and current model with stator flux feedback adaptive control that inputs are current and voltage sensing of motor terminal with estimated rotor angle for wide speed range. The rotor position is estimated by the observed stator flux-linkage space vector. The estimated rotor speed can be determinated by differentiation of the rotor position used only in the current model part of the flux observer for a low speed operating area. To prove the suggested control algorithm, we have a simulation and testing at actual experimental system. The developed digitally high-performance position sensorless control system are shown a good motion control response characteristic results and high performance features using 1.0Kw RSM.

In the industrial motor drive system which is composed of a motor and load connected with a flexible shaft, a torsional vibration is often generated because of the elastic elements in torque transmission. To solve this problem, the two degrees of freedom $H_{\infty}$ controller was designed. But it is difficult to realize that controller. In this paper, $H_{\infty}$ control of 2-mass system using partial state feedback and resonance ratio control is proposed. Proposed controller has simple structure but satisfies the attenuation of disturbances and vibrations.

The purpose of this paper is a fuzzy logic controller for XY positioning system. The overall control system consists of three parts, the position controller, the speed controller, the fuzzy logic controller. Precise tracking is achieved by fuzzy logic controller. In practice, such systems contain many uncertainties. Therefore, the XY positioning system must receive and evaluate the motion of all axis for a better contouring accuracy. Cross coupled controller utilizes all axis position error information simultaneously to produce accurate contours. However, the existing Cross coupled controllers cannot overcome friction, backlash and parameter variation. So, we propose a fuzzy logic controller of XY positioning system. Experimental results show that the proposed fuzzy logic controller is effective to improve the contouring accuracy of XY positioning system.

This paper presents a forecasting method for production volume of each model manufacture d goods by using Back-Propagation technique of Neural Networks. As the learning constant and the momentum constant are respectively 0.65 and 0.94, the teaming number is the least, and the forecating accuracy is the highest. When the learning process is more than 1,000 times, the accurate forecating was possible regardless of kind of product.

Nowdays, we can communicate using Information Technology such as internet, personal computer, mobile phone etc. To protect global environment, it is also reqired to invent products efficiently reduce energy consumption. here, I studied organic EL and inorganic EL because organic EL display is appropriate device as light, thin, energy-saying display following CRT, LCD. As a result, I realized that we are supposed to study more on invention, efficiency and mass-production of materials. Comparing with another display, however, it would be marketable in few years, considering short history of its full-scaled studies.

In this paper, we describe the results of a combined experimental theoretical study designed to understand and predict the dielectric properties of $SF_6$ and $SF_6+Ar$ mixtures. The electron transport, ionization, and attachment coefficients for pure $SF_6$ and gas mixtures containing $SF_6$ has been analysed over the E/N range $30{\sim}300Td$ by a two term Boltzrnann equation and by a Monte Carlo Simulation using a set of electron cross sections determined by other authors, experimentally the electron swarm parameters for 0.2% and 0.5% $SF_6+Ar$ mixtures were measured by time- of- flight method, The results show that the deduced electron drift velocities, the electron ionization or attachment coefficients, longitudinal and transverse diffusion coefficients and mean energy agree reasonably well with the experimental and theoretical for a rang of E/N values.

Energy distribution function in $SiH_4$ has been analysed over the E/N range $0.5{\sim}300Td$ and Pressure value 0.5, 1.0, 2.5 Torr by a two-term approximation Boltzmann equation method and by a Monte Carlo simulation. The motion has been calculated to give swarm parameters for the electron drift velocity, diffusion coefficient, electron ionization, mean energy and the electron energy distribution function. The electron energy distribution function has been analysed in $SiH_4$ at E/N=30, 50Td for a case of the equilibrium region in the mean electron energy and respective set of electron collision cross sections.

Frequency is an important operating parameter of a power system. Frequency of a power system remains constant if sum of all the loads plus losses equals total generation in the system. However, the frequency starts to decrease if total generation is less than the sum of loads and tosses. On the other hand, the system frequency increases if total generation exceeds the sum of loads and losses. Electric power systems sustain transient frequency swings whenever the balance between generation and load does not no longer hold. To cope with this Constraints, it requires an accurate and high speedy frequency deviation estimation technique and suitable adjustment to obtain the power system energy balance. The fundamental frequency component of 3-phase signal is first extracted by using an algorithm based on FIR(finite duration impulse response) filter, a phase angle of a voltage. The rate change of the phase angle is used for estimation and speed in its process. Also, to confirm the validity of the proposed algorithm, the simulation results obtained by using EMTP(electro magnetic transients program) are shown.

In this paper, the composite damping sheet with electromagnetic wave absorption was developed and studied. The damping sheets with Ni-Zn ferrite, Mn-Zn ferrite and PZT were prepared by mixing, molding and drying. From the characterizing results, the optimal portion of the composite is 1:1:0.1 of Mn-Zn ferrite:Rubber:PZT. The maximum absorption was -30 dB at 860 MHz in the single structure and over -15 dB at 180 MHz and 860 MHz in the two or three layers.

The aim of this paper is twofold: The one is to design BLDC motors for an electric bicycle and the other is to develop a controller of the BLDC motors. A new BLDC Motor has a permanent magnet rotor in which the magnetic arrangement is radial to the shaft and integral to the rotor laminations instead of mounted on the perimeter of the rotor. This technique concentrates flux, giving a higher flux density than a surface-mounted PM motor and has the increase of reluctance torque. The stator of BLDC motor has parallel winding instead of interconnected wye-connection winding, allowing multi-phase separate independent controllability. It gets much more high power than wye-connection at same low voltage. The proposed controller has a technique of exited with modulation(EWM) and one H-bridge and two photo sensors per phase. Experimental results show the performance of the proposed BLDC motors for an electric bicycle.

In this paper, a drive system for multi-phase bipolar brushless DC (MPB BLDC) motor is presented. This drive system is used for an electric bicycle. In general, the maximum and minimum speed of electric bicycle are required by law. At first, the proposed controller is satisfied for the limited speed control. Secondly, the system has a technique of exited with modulation(EWM), bidirection control, and partial square wave control. Thirdly, the controller is designed for system stability Experimental results show the performance of the proposed controller of MPB BLDC motors for an electric bicycle.

This paper resents digital controller of emergency power generator system. The controller offers an integrated alternative for Genset control, metering and remote monitoring. Proposed controller used 80c196kc one chip microprocessor for digital control, it measures parameters of generator and provides output signals to control starting and stopping of generator. Additionally protection and alarm functions are considered to system stability. As almost parts of controller are embedded by digital microprocessor and FPGA techniques, the controller has a more flexible feature and an improvement of precision. The developed system has a big merit economically and is suitable for any kW size generator.

In this paper, we have developed a new Force-Display system using wire-tension method. The proposed system is based on the HIR Lab Haptic Rendering library, which calculates the real position and renders the reflecting force data to device rapidly. The system is composed of device based tendon-driven method, controller and Haptic rendering library. The developed system will be used on constructing the dynamical virtual environment. To show the efficiency of our system, we designed simulation program which can display the moving force (attaching, grabbing, rotating) on two virtual point. As the result of the experiment, our proposed system shows much higher resolution and stability than any others.

Vector control schemes are used in inverter-fed induction motor drives to obtain high performance. Crucial to the success of the vector control scheme is the knowledge of the instantaneous position of the rotor flux. However, the position of the rotor flux change with temperature and magnetic saturation of the motor. This variation cause deterioration of both steady state and dynamic operation of the motor drives. Performance degradation is in the form of input-output torque nonlinearity and saturation of the motor. Analytic expressions are derived to evaluate the effects due to parameter sensitivity.

This paper presents the rotor parameter identification based on the MRAS theory and the speed estimation using ANN for the sensorless vector control of induction motor. The motor speed is estimated using ANN model which contains the rotor parameter. And the rotor parameter is identified using MRAS scheme which contains the rotor speed. The rotor speed estimate converges to its actual value as the rotor parameter error converges toward the zero. The simulation using Matlab/Simulink is performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

In this research, we detect the charge state within $0.1{\sim}0.3[A]$ and develop the intelligent digital charge device by applying a fine pulse signal using PWM inverter and Proportional-Integral(PI) controller which uses micro -processor and intelligent technique. The ripple rate is within ${\pm}1%$, and the indicator error rate of full charge state is within ${\pm}1%$, and the voltage stability is within ${\pm}0.1[V]$, and the accuracy of voltage detect is 48[V] and ${\pm}0.5[V]$ in the reference of 100[A].

This paper presents a solution to control a PMSM(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) without sensor. The control method is the presented superposition principle. This method of sensorless theory is very simple to compute estimated angle. The use of this system yields enhanced operations, fewer system components, lower system costs, efficient energy control system designs and increased efficiencies. A practical solution is described and its results are given in this study. The performance of a sensorless architecture allows an intelligent approach to reduce the complete system costs of digital motion control applications using the cheaper electrical sensorless motors. This paper deals with an overview of solutions in the sensorless PMSM control applications, whereby the focus will be the new sensorless controller and its applications.

In SRM drive, the ON OFF angles of each phase switch should be accurately controlled in order to control the torque and speed stably. The accuracy of the switching angles is dependent upon the resolution of the encoder and the sampling period of the microprocessor, that are used to provide the information of the rotor position and to control the SRM power circuit, respectively. However, as the speed increases, the amount of the switching angle deviation from the preset values is also increased. Therefore, the low cost encoder suitable for the practical and stable SRM drive is proposed and the control algorithm to provide the switching signals using the simple digital logic circuit is also presented in this paper. As a result, a stable high speed SRM drive can be achieved by the high resolution switching angle control and it is verified from the experiments that the proposed encoder and logic controller can be a powerful candidate for the practical low cost SRM drive.

Parallel processing has the potential to be cost effectively used on computationally intense power system problems. But this technology is not still available is not only parallel computer but also parallel processing scheme. Testing these algorithms to ensure accuracy, and evaluation of their performance is also an issue. Although a significant amount of parallel algorithms of power system problem have been developed in last decade, actual testing on processor architectures lies in the beginning stages. This paper presents the parallel processing algorithm to supply the base being able to treat power flow by newton's method by the distributed memory type parallel computer. This method is to assign and to compute teared blocks of sparse matrix at each parallel processors. The testing to insure accuracy of developed method have been done on serial computer by trying to simulate a parallel environment.

In this paper, model reference PID genetic controller was proposed in order to overcome the difficulty of reflecting control performance required in the overall control system and defects of the adaptation performance in the PID genetic controller. The proposed controller comprised Inner feedback loop consisting of the PID controller and plant, and outer loop consisting of an genetic algorithm which was designed for tuning a parameter of the controller. A reference model was used for design criteria of a PID controller which characterizes and quantizes the control performance required in the overall control system. Tuning parameter of the controller is performed by the genetic algorithm. The performance of proposed algorithm was verified through experiment for the DC servo motor.

(1) 21세기 우리나라가 선진국에 진입하여 초일류 국가로 발돋움하기 위해서 반드시 해결해야 할 과제는 지식기반사회로의 성공적인 이행과 디지털 경제 시대에의 능동적인 대응임. (2) 지식기반사회 그리고 디지털 경제시대는 정보와 지식이 가치 창출과 경쟁력의 핵심 원천인 동시에 경제활동의 중심이 되며, 이러한 지식과 정보를 창출 획득, 활용 할 수 있도록 하기 위한 인적자원개발 관리가 국가 발전의 핵심 전략임. (3) 대다수 OECD 회원국에서는 이미 지난 세기말부터 지식기반사회로 이행하기 위한 국가 발전의 핵심 전략으로 인적자원개발 관리에 관심과 정책을 총집결하여 왔으며, 국가 차원의 교육개혁추진과 관련부처의 통폐합 등 인적자원개발 관리체제를 재구축 하였음. (4) 부존자원이 전무하여 사람에 의존할 수밖에 없는 우리나라도 다각적으로 인적자원개발 관리에 관심을 보이고, 정책을 펼쳐왔지만 아직 국가 차원의 인적자원개발 관리체제가 미흡하여 정책의 일관성이 결여되어 있을 뿐만 아니라 곳곳에 인적자원개발 관리의 비효율 비능률이 초래되고 있음.

우리나라 전문대학은 1979년 설립당시에 비하여 괄목할 만한 양적 성장을 이루었으나 그에 비해 질적 성장과 위상의 정립은 아직 미흡한 설정이다. 산업사회에 맞추어 설계된 전문대학 교육제도는 지식기반사회에 맞는 인적자원개발 기능과 사명을 다할 수 있도록 재 설계되어야 한다. 따라서 획일화된 수업연한과 계속교 육체제의 미완성이라는 구조적 문제를 개혁해야만 하여야 할 시점이다. 수업연한은 다양한 전공과 사회의 수요에 맞추어 $2{\sim}3$년 범위안에서 다양하게 선택적으로 운영되어야 하고 단절된 학제를 연결시킬 수 있는 전공심화 과정이나 시니어보케이셔널칼리지(SVC) 제도를 도입하여 국민기본공통교육 10년 이후에 2+2(3)+2(1) +2 체제로 이어지는 순환형 직업교육체제를 구축하여야 한다.