With the recent rapid increase in single-person households, food companies are releasing small packaging and small-capacity products regardless of product line such as beverages, fresh foods, and home snacks, and food consumption patterns are also changing. Meanwhile, as a series of accidents related to food safety occurred during cost-effective consumption pursuing price-performance, more consumers wanted to choose products that have been proven safe even with higher money due to food safety anxiety. Considering the concept of 'safety' of food, this study by using the 'ordered probit model' empirically investigated whether there is a difference in the degree of preference for safety in food consumption behavior between single-person and multi-person households. Summarizing the results, it was found that women rather than men, and elderly households among young and single-person households had a higher demand for food safety. The results of marginal effects considering food safety variables show that respondents with low frequency of delivery and take-out use are considering food safety more, and that single-person households are considering safety more than multi-person households. In the future, the population structure of Korea will continue to increase in single-person and elderly households, and women's economic activities will also continue to increase. Therefore, the growing home convenience food market needs marketing strategies to secure and emphasize food safety, such as sterilizing treatment technology for hygiene and safe container development from environmental hormones, and needs a lot of support and attention to meet changes in food culture trends and demographic structure.

Measuring the food safety has been focused only on the psychological consumers' recognition of food safety. The actual measurement tool should consist of the evidence-based statistical data to assess the level of national food safety in scientific perspectives. This paper described the development of a concept to measure the food safety of the food chain based on OECD PSR framework. This paper discusses the elaboration of a set of 8 food safety related data issued as statistical data, and which were same weighted. These food safety statistical data (FSDs) were derived as the basis of measuring the variation of food safety during 2013-2019. The values of the primary production indicator (PPI), the processing and manufacturing indicator (PMI), and the distribution and consumption indicator (DCI) are 0.558-0.859, 0.533-0.691, and 0.979-0.982, respectively. The food safety status (FSS) derived from the safety indicator values of each of the three stages is 0.700-0.810. In order to increase the level of food safety, it is necessary to pay attention to PMI and PPI management. In the future, continuously calculating the level of food safety, managing it like the level of psychological safety, and further expanding it to the level of food safety between countries will help establish policies to improve the level of food safety in Korea.

This study analyzes the impact of Import beer demand on Anti-Japanese sentiment. Recently anti-Japanese sentiment heightened by the media was found to be drastically reducing the consumption of Japanese beer in the domestic imported beer market. Thus, the study used the import demand function of imported beer to analyze the impact of the 'Priming Effect' on the consumption of imported beer by anti-national sentiment, indicating a significant drop in Japanese beer consumption in other countries. Therefore, this study used the imported beer import demand function by country to analyze the impact of the priming effect on imported beer consumption according to anti-national sentiment. As a result, in the case of imported beer consumption in other countries, it was estimated that indirect consumption substitution occurred considerably.

This study aimed to identify a difference in project implementation between villages that had executed rural village community activation support work successfully and those that had quit in the middle from the new endogenous development theory perspective. As a result, it was found that the main factors used for promoting to increase endogeneous development capabilities existed more in villages that executed project implementation support work successfully than in villages that had quit in the middle. Successful villages have a difference from the villages that had quit in the middle in that they have established a participatory decision making and cooperation system for stable operation even before their support work began, they have more assets for promoting community activity, residents' interaction and communal activity are becoming more active, and reciprocity-based mutual aid culture exists in many forms. In conclusion, seeing from the new endogenous development theory perspective, villages are developed under the interaction between internal and external factors, but the outcome of project implementation depends on whether village community holds its endogenous development capability to operate and develop such whole process of development. Therefore, village community activation policies need to be reinforced in the direction toward promoting to create the main factors for enhancing endogenous development capabilities.

본 연구는 다량 미네랄 6종 및 미량 미네랄 8종이 함유된 천연 미네랄 워터의 기능성을 확인하기 위해 역류성 식도염 유발 동물모델을 이용하여 개선 효과를 분석하였다. RAW264.7에서의 세포 생존율 측정 결과를 통해 미네랄 워터는 세포에 대한 독성이 없음을 확인하였으며, 역류성 식도염 동물모델에서 위 내용물 역류에 의한 식도 손상을 감소시켰으며, 식도 점막 보호 작용으로 인해 세포 연접 단백질 발현을 억제하였다. 따라서, 미네랄 워터의 식도 보호 작용은 조직 내 염증성 단백질 및 점막 재생 관련 단백질을 조절함으로써 나타난 것으로 사료된다. 이러한 연구 결과를 통해, 미네랄 워터의 기능성을 확인함으로써 음용수, 식품 생산 등의 다양한 산업 분야에서의 활용성과 가축 생산에 있어 면역증진 및 염증 관련 질병에 대처할 수 있는 친환경 기능성 사료첨가제로서의 미네랄 워터의 이용 가치를 확인할 수 있었다.

'암기조생'과 '궁천조생'을 수확 후 단기간 상온저장 시 항균 패치의 부패과 발생 억제효과를 검토하고자 수행하였다. 10kg의 종이상자에 과실을 넣은 후 hexanal, cavarcrol, cinnamaldehyde를 단독 또는 혼합한 200 mg/kg과 500 mg/kg의 항균패치를 부착하여 상온저장하면서 '암기조생'은 15일, '궁천조생'은 30일 동안 부패과 발생을 조사하였다. '암기조생'은 200 mg/kg 처리 시 cavarcrol에서 부패과 발생이 1.0%로 낮았다. '궁천조생'은 500 mg/kg에서 cinnamaldehyde와 hexanal+cinnamaldehyde, 200 mg/kg에서는 hexanal+cinnamaldehyde 혼합이 무처리보다 부패과 발생이 2배 이상 적었다. 항균물질은 단독보다는 혼합 패치가 상온저장 시 감귤 부패과 발생을 줄이는 효과가 높았다.

Photorhabdus is a bacterial symbiont of entomopathogenic nematodes of the genus Heterorhabditis in the family Heterorhabditidae. Photorhabdus is known to have nematicidal activity in addition to insecticidal activity. P. temperata isolated from Korean indigenous H. megidis Gwangju strain also produced high control efficacy against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans. P. temperata has drawn interest as a potential bionematicide for the control of root-knot nematodes thereby. For the registration as an organic agricultural material, the toxicity of P. temperata was assessed by the acute toxicity test in carp (Cyprinus carpio) and acute oral and dermal toxicity tests in Sprague-Dawley rat (Rattus norvegicus) in compliance with the guidelines of the Rural Development Administration (RDA). In the acute toxicity test in fish, neither lethality nor abnormal responses of carp were observed. Body length and weight of carp and changes in DO concentrations and pH values were not significantly different between the treated group and the untreated control. In the acute oral and dermal toxicity tests, clinical signs, abnormal behavior, mortality, and pathological findings were not observed in all the experimental rats. The weight increment of all rats was normal. Acute toxicity results of P. temperata in fish and rats belonged to categories III, IV, and IV of RDA, respectively. Toxicity results of the present study indicated that P. temperata could be a safe and promising bionematicide against root-knot nematodes and root lesion nematode.