• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.175-187
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the potential risk factors - children's factors, parental factors, and familial-environmental factors - with respect to overweight and obesity in Korean preschool children. Methods: This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design and involved 264 pairs of mothers and preschool children aged 3-5 years (121 boys, 143 girls) attending daycare centers in C city. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to identify significant risk factors for overweight and obesity in preschool children. Results: According to the multivariate logistic regression, family history of diabetes mellitus as children's factors, overweight or obesity of both parents as parental factors were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of overweight and obesity in preschool children. In addition, lack of community space for physical activity as familial-environmental factors was significantly associated with increased likelihood of overweight and obesity. Conclusions: Health care providers should concerned with the risk of overweight and obesity in children with high risk familial factors, such as family history of obesity and diabetes mellitus. Moreover, policies should be set in place to make sure communities include space that foster physical activity in young children.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.37-57
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• 2019

Objective: This study aimed to find out whether concern for children mediates the impact of parenting competence on the anger expression of mothers with young children. Methods: Subjects consisted of 219 mothers with children aged 3 to 6 years old attending kindergartens and daycare centers. The motehrs were given 3 rating scales about parenting competence, concerns about their children, and anger expression. The Parental Anger Scales measuring anger expression consisted of sub-factors such as situational anger, impulsive behavior, and difficulty of anger control. Results: Using the data collected, correlation analysis and the regression analysis procedure by Baron & Kenny(1968) were conducted; the significance of the mediating effects was verified by the Sobel test. First, the study found that there were significant positive correlations between mother's parenting competence, concern about children, and anger expression. Second, mothers' concern about their children had partial mediating effects on the relationships between parenting competence and overall anger expression, situational anger and impulsive behavior, and a complete mediating effect on the relationship between parenting competence and difficulty with anger control. Conclusion/Implications: These results were discussed in terms of the approach and content of parent education to help parents with young children control their anger.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.53-70
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the mediating effects of mother's smartphone addiction on the relationship between mothers' parenting stress and young children's smartphone addiction. Methods: This study conducted a survey targeting a total of 327 mothers with young children between the ages of 3-5 years that were attending kindergartens and daycare centers in Gyeonggi-do, Gangwon-do, and the Busan region. After exploring the relationship between mothers' parenting stress, mothers' smartphone addiction, and young children's smartphone addiction based on the collected data, this study comparatively analyzed the complete mediation and partial mediation models by using the structural equation. Results: The mothers' smartphone addiction played a partial mediating role in the relationship between mothers' parenting stress and young children's smartphone addiction. In other words, the mothers' parenting stress and mothers' smartphone addiction were important variables for young children's smartphone addiction. Conclusion/Implications: This study aims to provide basiv data for the prevention of problems caused by young children's smartphone addiction, by exploring the paths of mothers' parenting stress and mothers' smartphone addiction which have effects on young children's smartphone addiction.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.93-109
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effect of innovative culture in early childhood education institutions on the relationship between teachers' civic consciousness and actions for building a community in order to obtain methodological information for implementation at a time when the need to build an education community has been raised. Methods: The data were collected through 275 early childhood teachers working in kindergartens and daycare centers Then, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression were conducted. Results: All three variables civic consciousness, innovative culture, and actions for building a community showed a significant positive correlation. As a result of analyzing the mediating effect of innovation culture, it was found that the indirect effect of teachers' civic consciousness on the actions for building a community through the innovative culture was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion/Implications: This study was found that it is important to strengthen the teacher's civic consciousness and to create an innovative culture of early childhood education institutions in order to promote actions for building an educational community of teachers. This study is meaningful in that it provided implications for the direction of teacher education and formation of an innovative culture in early childhood education institutions for the purpose building an educational community.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-18
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the structural relationship between the authentic leadership of the director, social support, and teacher efficacy perceived by early childhood teachers. Methods: The participants of the study were 433 teachers working at kindergartens and daycare centers in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. The data collected through the survey were analyzed by applying a structural equation model. Results: As a result of the study, it was found that the authentic leadership of the director perceived by early childhood teachers had a positive (+) effect on the early childhood teachers' social support and teacher efficacy, respectively, and social support had a positive (+) effect on teacher efficacy of the early childhood teachers. The results showed that social support had a positive mediating effect in the relationship between the director's authentic leadership and teacher efficacy perceived by early childhood teachers. Conclusion/Implications: The results suggest that it is necessary to establish a social support system through the exercise of the director's authentic leadership in order to improve the teacher efficacy of early childhood teachers.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.19-37
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parent play support beliefs and children's playfulness on children's ego-resiliency. Methods: The participants for this study were 236 young children aged 3 to 5, their parents, and teachers in 19 daycare centers located in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted. Results: The major findings were summarized as follows. First, overall, the level of parents' play support beliefs, children's playfulness and ego-resiliency tended to be high in the present sample. Second, mothers' play support beliefs and children's active participation in play were significantly and positively associated with children's ego-resiliency. Third, parents' play support beliefs had no moderation effect on the effects of children's playfulness on their ego-resiliency. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study suggest that parents' play support beliefs and children's playfulness are effective in improving children's ego-resiliency.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.59-73
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study is to verify the effect of early childhood teacher's constructivist educational beliefs and teaching efficacy on creative teaching behavior. Methods: The subjects of this study were 262 early childhood teachers working in daycare centers and kindergartens all over the country. A questionnaire was administered which assessed early childhood teacher's constructivist educational beliefs, teaching efficacy, and creative teaching behavior. SPSS 28.0 was used for data analysis. Results: First, the constructivist educational beliefs of early childhood teachers had a positive effect on teaching efficacy. Second, it was found that early childhood teachers' constructivist educational beliefs and teaching efficacy had a positive effect on creative teaching behavior, and at the same time, early childhood teachers' constructivist educational beliefs were partially mediated by teaching efficacy. Conclusion/Implications: This study revealed the mediating effects of teaching efficacy in constructivist educational beliefs and creative teaching behavior relationships. Therefore, in order to promote creative teaching behavior of early childhood teachers, efforts should be made to increase teaching efficacy based on constructivist educational beliefs.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.73-88
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• 2023

Objective: This study aims to examine the impact of young children's playfulness and self-esteem on their creative personality. Methods: The sample consisted of 332 four- and five-year-old children enrolled in kindergartens and daycare centers in Incheon. Teacher-report measures of playfulness, self-esteem, and creative personality scales were used for data collection instruments. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Firstly, significant differences were found in all variables based on children's gender, while age and birth order did not show statistically significant differences. Secondly, young children's playfulness and self-esteem were found to have a positive impact on their creative personality. Specifically, among the sub-variables, cognitive spontaneity and humor in playfulness, along with competency in self-esteem, showed relatively higher levels of impact on young children's creative personality. Conclusion/Implications: The study findings emphasize the necessity of comprehensive support systems that foster playfulness and self-esteem to enhance young children's creative personality. This includes providing proper teacher training and a range of instructional materials, along with parental education.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.315-329
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to verify the mediating effect of job stress between childcare teacher personality and child abuse, and provides basic data on personality education and coping strategies for childcare teachers' job stress. A survey was conducted on 326 childcare teachers working at daycare centers in Incheon, Korea. The collected questionnaires were subjected to regression analysis, multiple regression analysis, and Sobel's Z-test according to the research purpose with using SPSS 20.0. The research results are as follow. First, it was found that job performance, a sub-factor of childcare teacher personality, had an effect on child abuse. Second, it was found that the sub-factors of childcare teacher personality, humanity, creativity and personality, social relations, and job performance had an effect on job stress. Third, it was found that childcare activities, the sub-factors of job stress, and the relationship with parents had an effect on child abuse. Fourth, it was found that childcare activities, sub-factors of job stress, partially mediated between job performance and child abuse, a sub-factor of childcare teacher personality. These findings suggest that in order to prevent and contain child abuse by childcare teachers, specific plan must be actively prepared to improve job performance skills related to childcare teacher personality and reduce the burden of child care activities which is a sub-factor of job stress.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.616-622
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• 2010

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) has been recognized as a frequent cause of epidemics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) associated with severe neurological symptoms. In the spring of 2009, HFMD was epidemic in Korea. Severe cases with complication, including death, have been reported and it has become a public health issue. Most symptomatic EV71 infections commonly result in HFMD or herpangina. These clinical manifestations can be associated with neurologic syndromes frequently. Neurologic syndromes observed in EV71 include meningitis, meningoencephalomyelitis, poliomyelitis-like paralytic disease, Guillain-Barr$\acute{e}$ syndrome, transverse myelitis, cerebellar ataxia, opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome, benign intracranial hypertension, and brainstem encephalitis. Examinations for EV 71 were performed from the stools, respiratory secretion or CSF of the children by realtime PCR. Gene analysis showed that most of them were caused by EV71 subgenotype C4a which was prevalent in China, 2008. Public health measures including personal and environmental hygiene, must to target daycare centers, kindergartens, and schools where highly susceptible children congregate. To prevent the spread of infection, preschools where transmission persists for more than 2 incubation periods, have been recommended for closure, and trigger criteria for voluntary closure was instituted. During closure, operators are to thoroughly clean the centers before they are allowed to reopen. In addition, parents are advised to ensure that their children adopt a high standard of personal hygiene and to keep the infected child at home until full recovery. Because the outbreaks occur in a cyclical pattern, surveillance system to predict next outbreaks and adequate public health measures to control need to be planned for future. Control of EV71 epidemics through surveillance and public health intervention needs to be maintained in Korea. Future research should focus on understanding of EV71 virulence, identification of the receptor(s) for EV71, development of antiviral agents and development of vaccine.