This study was conducted based on the 115 development projects of residential areas during 2001-2006 to investigate the current status of park green areas. Prior Environmental Review System (PERS) was categorized into regions, scales, and time of the projects, and regression model was used for a statistical analysis. The ratios of greenness of Seoul and Gyunggi province were greater than those of other regions whereas the ratios of greeness of Cheonnam, Chungbuk, and Jeonbuk provinces showed smaller percentage of green areas. Secondly as the scales of development get bigger areas of greenness become larger indicating a large scale residential development projects are favorable for securing green areas. Thirdly the correlation between planned area and green areas, and that between planned population and the ratio of greenness are relatively low (P>0.05). This implies green areas are not a good indicator but a concrete guideline for green areas. Fourthly the ratio of greenness of small scale project is not reached to 10% so that it is recommended to secure over one million $m^2$ areas for development project.

Recently, since the risk on natural disasters is increasing due to abnormal weather such as the global warming, a need for a system on prior review on the influence of disasters has emerged in order to establish a solution by analyzing elements of disaster in advance. However, since the inherently destroying business namely the quarrying business is excluded from the range of subject business of Prior Review System on the influence of disasters, a correction for this is required. In order to actually explore how much risk it contains, actual outflow of soil and flood in the quarrying block where quarrying is being currently carried out was examined and the required undercurrent facility capacity which is also used as a grit chamber was investigated. In addition, by comparing the soil outflow of industrial complexes and golf courses which are current subject businesses of Prior Review on the Influence of Disasters and that of rock mountains relative risk level was examined. After investigation, it was found that the risk on occurrence of disasters was increased due to increase in outflow of soil and flood because of the change of land condition during and after development thus an adequate solution to decrease is required. In addition, after comparison with other business groups it was found that a significantly higher amount of soil is outflown in case of rock mountains thus it was analyzed that a solution to decrease is required. Therefore, a correction is immediately required in order to include quarrying business in the subject business of Prior Review System on the Influence of Disasters.

The $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ aerosols were collected at Busan from March to May, 2005, and the concentrations of some metallic elements were analysed to study their characteristics. The mean concentration of $PM_{10}$ was $66.5{\pm}23.0{\mu}g/m^3$ with a range of 22.2 to $118.1{\mu}g/m^3$. The mean concentration of $PM_{2.5}$ was $46.1{\pm}17.2{\mu}g/m^3$ with a range of 9.7 to $83.3{\mu}g/m^3$. The ratio of $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$ was 0.69 at Busan. The distribution of metallic elements for $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ were Cd${\ldots}$ ${\ldots}$ $PM_{10}$ were $94.9{\mu}g/m^3$ and $63.7{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. And The mean mass concentrations of Asian dust and non Asian dust in $PM_{2.5}$ were $56.9{\mu}g/m^3$ and $45.1{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. The mean values of crustal enrichment factors for five elements (Cd, Cu, Pb, V and Zn) were all higher than 10, possibly suggesting the influence of anthropogenic sources. The soil contribution ratios for $PM_{10}$ and $PM_{2.5}$ were 20.5% and 19.4, respectively.

Lake Youngrang is a lagoon whose effluent flows into the East Sea. Because two resort towns and two golf courses are situated at the lake basin, many tourists visit this area. Stormwater runoff surveys were carried out for the eight storm events from 2004 to 2005 in the eutrophic lake watershed to give a basic data for the diffuse pollution control of the lake. Dimensionless mass-volume curves indicating the distribution of pollutant mass vs. volume were used to analyze the first flush phenomenon. The mass-volume curves were fitted with a power function and polynomial equation curves. The regression analysis showed that the polynomial equation curves were better than the power function in representing the tendency of the first flush, and second degree polynomial equation curves indicated the strength of the first flush effectively.

To evaluate dominant synoptic classes which affect on $PM_{10}$ concentration in Seoul, 64 synoptic classes are classified from four seasons, 850hPa geopotential wind and lower level stability Index. In this study, we used air monitoring and meteorological data in Seoul for five years from 2001 to 2005. The results indicate that the highest occurrence frequency of synoptic class is under a strong westerly geopotential wind and stable lower atmosphere in spring. The highest $PM_{10}$ concentration of synoptic class is associated with a weak geopotential wind speed and high lower level stability. In that class, not only $PM_{10}$ but $SO_2$, $NO_2$ and CO concentrations are also higher than other classes. The analysis of spacial distribution of $PM_{10}$ concentration in each class are indicate that the influence of synoptic class are similar in the Metropolitan area in Korea. But $PM_{10}$ concentration in some areas in Kyoung-Gi are more higher than in Seoul. The relationship between $PM_{10}$ concentration and Meteorological indicator (relative humidity, temperature, surface wind speed) under same synoptic class is more correlative in Winter than other season.

This study is to survey facilities installed at urban parks and identify park facilities desired by users through a questionnaire survey of users who actually use the parks. Then, the outcome will be compared and evaluated to install urban park facilities that reflect the desires of users in the future. Findings showed that park facilities currently installed are mostly those easy to install and manage among facilities suggested in relevant laws. Regardless of park types and sizes, similar facilities were installed across parks. A questionnaire survey of users showed that they wanted facilities to rest, sports facilities, waterscape facilities and facilities to accompany families. The result also showed that they wanted green area-style parks that have a lot of trees. Therefore, going forward, facilities reflecting such desires of users should be installed at parks as much as possible. When developing a park creation plan for each city, it would be critical to survey the opinions of residents in relevant areas in advance and reflect it to the creation plan.

Natural hazards such as typhoon, flood, landslide affect both coastal and inland areas more often according to increasement of severe and unusual weather. To provide adequate coastal disaster mitigation strategies, coastal disaster prevention system using GIS is very useful. Application methods of digital map on this issue was discussed in this study. For developing of coastal disaster prevention system, the data structures related to disaster monitoring is needed to be revised for interdisciplinary framework. To improve the current coastal disaster mapping methods, GIS based new model for coastal disaster mapping was suggested. In this study, coastal GIS showed the attribute data and structures of coastal disaster mapping.