Objectives: This case report presents the effects of Korean medicine treatment in a patient with a new daily, persistent headache. Methods: A 58-year-old female patient with a new daily, persistent headache was treated with Yonggakgyodaeyeong-tang and Kyoungbang Chungsanggyuntong-tang granules, acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and chuna therapy for 68 days. Headache and neck disability were assessed using a numeric rating scale (NRS), the headache impact test-6 (HIT-6), and the neck disability index (NDI). Results: After 68 days of treatment, headache was relieved, as measured by an NRS decrease from 7 to 4. In addition, the HIT score decreased from 30 to 18, and the NDI score decreased from 42 to 20. Conclusion: These results show that a daily, persistent headache can be relieved with Korean medicine treatment. However, additional well-designed studies are required to confirm these findings.

Objectives: This study reported about a patient with a right middle cerebral artery infarction whose gait disturbance was improved by Korean medicine treatment. Methods: The patient was treated with a Korean herbal medicine (Gami-yukmijihwang-tang) along with acupuncture, electroacupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, and physical therapy. The treatment effect was evaluated with the manual muscle test (MMT) and the Korean version of the modified Barthel index (K-MBI). The gait of the patient was evaluated by a 10-m walk test (10MWT), the timed up and go (TUG) test, the functional ambulation profile (FAP) score, and the functional ambulatory category (FAC) score. Spatiotemporal parameters were evaluated using a walkway system (GAITRite®, CIR Systems, Inc., USA). Results: After 83 days of traditional Korean medicine treatment, the K-MBI and FAC scores improved from 50 to 70 and from 1 to 4, respectively. The 10MWT and TUG tests also improved from 24.86 to 16.66 sec and from 22.35 to 17.62 sec, respectively. GAITRite® measurements reflected gait improvements: the FAP score improved from 55 to 86 sec; the step time improved from 0.72 to 0.669 sec; the step length improved from 31.076 cm to 41.284 cm; the gait velocity improved from 42.8 cm/sec to 64.1 cm/sec; the cadence improved from 93.6 steps/min to 90.8 steps/min. No adverse effects resulting from treatment or evaluation occurred during the admission period. Conclusions: This study suggests that traditional Korean medicine treatment may reduce symptoms and improve the quality of life in patients with cerebral infarction.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report on the efficacy of Korean medical treatment for voiding dysfunction. Methods: We treated a patient with voiding dysfunction using Korean medical treatments (herbal medicines, acupuncture, and herbal acupuncture therapy). To evaluate the results of this treatment, we measured the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and the visual analog scale (VAS) for residual urination, dysuria, and miction pain. The general health status was evaluated with the European quality of life-5 dimensions (EQ-5d) scale. Results: We observed improvements in the IPSS and the EQ-5d scale after the treatments. Changes in the VAS reflected relief of residual urination and dysuria but not miction pain. Conclusions: This study suggests that Korean medicine may be effective to treat voiding dysfunction.

We report on a Soeumin patient with spontaneous sweating after a lung segmentectomy resulting from aspergillosis. During her inpatient stay, the patient received Soeumin Gwakhyangjunggi-san, Hwanggigyeji-tang, and Seungyangikgi-tang for herbal medication. She also received acupuncture, moxibustion, pharmacopuncture, and cupping therapy. A numeric rating scale (NRS) was used to assess the improvement of symptoms. Sweating was reduced, as reflected by an NRS change from 7 to 0, when the herbal medication changed from Soeumin Gwakhyangjunggi-san to Hwanggigyeji-tang. General weakness and chest discomfort were also relieved after using Hwanggigyeji-tang and Seungyangikgi-tang. These results suggest that Hwanggigyeji-tang and Seungyangikgi-tang are clinically effective for Soeumin patients who are appropriately diagnosed with yang collapse syndrome in the postoperative setting.

Introduction: The aim of this study is to report on the effectiveness of Korean medicine to improve symptoms of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Some patients are treated with medication, but medications may have no effect in some patients. Korean medicine treatments have been used in such patients, but few reports exist. Case Presentation: A 58-year-old female patient with CIPN reported symptoms of bilateral limb pain and tingling sensations as well as cold sensations in bilateral lower legs and hands, fatigue, and bilateral limb weakness. To reduce the patient's symptoms, we provided Korean medical treatment, including herbal medicine (Uchashinki-hwan), acupuncture, and moxibation. To evaluate the results of this treatment, we used a numeric rating scale (NRS), the manual muscle test (MMT), the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality-of-life questionnaire about CIPN (EORTC-QLQ-CIPN20). After 49 days of treatment, the NRS scores decreased for bilateral limb pain and tingling, for bilateral lower leg and hand cold sensation, and for fatigue. The MMT results for the upper and lower extremities were improved. CTCAE Grade and EORTC QLQ-CIPN20 score were also decreased. Conclusion: According to these results, Korean medicine treatment may be considered an effective treatment for CIPN. Prospective studies are needed in the future to confirm and expand these findings.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to report the effects of warm needling in a patient with cancer who had chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Methods: A 46-year-old Korean female outpatient diagnosed with malignant ovarian cancer was treated with warm needling therapy on the foot acupuncture points for CIPN. Neuropathic symptoms and quality of life were assessed using the numeric rating scale (NRS) and the functional assessment of cancer therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group neurotoxicity (FACT/GOG-NTX) score. Results: After 6 months of treatment, the patient showed a reduction in the severity of CIPN symptoms and an improvement in the quality of life, although the severity of symptoms fluctuated as the patient underwent chemotherapy sessions. Conclusion: This study suggests that warm needling may be an effective treatment for CIPN.

The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medicine treatment on a pressure sore in a stroke patient. An 86-year-old female patient diagnosed with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in the right basal ganglia had symptoms of left hemiparesis, dysphagia, and a 4.5-cm-by-2.5-cm left trochanteric pressure sore. Clinical outcomes were measured using the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) pressure injury stages, the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) pressure ulcer stages, and the Braden scales. Treatment with Korean medicine, including acupuncture, herbal medicine, and dressing therapy, significantly improved the trochanteric pressure sore, as reflected by a NPUAP stage change from III to I, an AHCPR stage change from III to I, and a Braden scale change from 13 to 18. These findings suggest that Korean medicine treatment may be effective to treat pressure sores in stroke patients.

Background: Bladder calculi greater than 10 mm should be managed via surgical treatment, such as cystolithotomy or percutaneous removal. Because risk evaluation for underlying disease must precede operation, patients are medicated with uroselective alpha blockers or analgesics until the operation occurs. However, disagreement exists about the success of these treatments. Case report: We present a case of a male patient who was hospitalized for sequelae of internal cerebral hemorrhage with complaints of nocturia and perineal discomfort. Abdominal computed tomography showed large bladder calculi. However, because of suspected pheochromocytoma, immediate surgery could not be performed, so we treated him with Korean medicine for 27 days (Daesiho-tang for 27 days and Jakyakgamcho-tang was started at 14th day of treatment, treated till 27th day.) until a cystolithotomy could be performed. Nocturia and perineal discomfort improved after 9 days, and the patient stopped taking acetaminophen. Conclusion: The administration of Daesiho-tang and Jakyakgamcho-tang to a patient with bladder calculi successfully controlled symptoms of nocturia and perineal discomfort until cystolithotomy could be performed.

The aim of this study is to report the effectiveness of a traditional Korean medicine treatment for oculomotor nerve palsy induced by traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. A 54-year-old male patient with oculomotor nerve palsy induced by traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage after a traffic accident was treated with Korean medicine, including acupuncture, electroacupuncture, sweet bee venom pharmacoacupuction, moxibustion, and herbal medicine. The effect of treatment on symptoms - ptosis, and eye movement - was evaluated using a ratio of eye opening and eye movement between the paralyzed eye and the normal eye. After 41 days of treatment, the clinical symptoms had improved. The ptosis and eye movement started to show improvement from day 20; at the time of discharge, ptosis had improved by more than 50%, and eye movement showed some improvement as well. This study suggests that Korean medicine may be an effective treatment for oculomotor nerve palsy induced by traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: This case reports on the effect of traditional Korean medicine (TKM) treatment in a patient with psychogenic dystonia. Methods: A patient with generalized tremor and gait disturbance diagnosed as psychogenic dystonia was treated with Yokukan-san-gami, Jakyakgamcho-tang, Yikgeebohyul-tang, acupuncture, moxibustion, and cupping for 6 weeks. Symptom improvement was evaluated with the unified dystonia rating scale (UDRS) and the Toronto Western spasmodic torticollis rating scale (TWSTRS). Results: After 6 weeks of TKM treatment, the UDRS and TWSTRS decreased, and the patient's clinical symptoms, including generalized tremor and gait disturbance, improved. Conclusions: This case shows that TKM treatment may be effective for improving psychogenic dystonia.

This study reported on the effect of traditional Korean medicine on ataxia, gait disturbance, tremor, and dizziness with cerebellar atrophy. The patient was treated with traditional Korean medicines, such as acupuncture, moxibustion, and herbal medicine (Kuibiondam-tang-gami). The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated with the scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA). After treatment, the symptoms had improved. The SARA score decreased by 18 points after Korean medicine treatment. According to this study, traditional Korean medicine can be effective to treat ataxia, gait disturbance, tremor, and dizziness in patients with cerebellar atrophy.

Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, comprises a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level over a prolonged period of time. Diabetes is classified into type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, and the incidence and prevalence of diabetes, mostly type 2, have increased remarkably in recent decades. A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes is greatly influenced by heredity, and it is important to prevent diabetes in people with a family history by improving lifestyle and environmental factors. Controlling overeating, obesity, lack of exercise, and stress is effective to prevent diabetes. The patient in this case report had impaired fasting glucose and mild hyperlipidemia. The patient experienced improvements in these sequelae after the administration of herbal medicine (Yangkyuksanwha-tang) for 12 weeks and the implementation of a plant-based diet. The complete blood count, XXXX, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, insulin, and C-peptide levels were measured, and the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and HOMA-β were calculated according to the FBS and fasting insulin levels. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, FBS, and HbA1c levels all decreased after 12 weeks compared with baseline measures. There was no change in the insulin secretory ability; the C-peptide level did not change as a result of β-cell function; and the HOMA-β level reflected an improved insulin secretory ability.

Objectives: This case report presents the effects of Korean medical treatment in a patient with chest pain after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: An 80-year-old woman was treated with Korean herbal medicine, acupuncture, and cupping therapy. Chest pain, sore tongue, and headache were assessed daily using a numeric rating scale (NRS). Results: After 15 days of treatment, chest pain disappeared, as reflected by an NRS change from 9 to 0, and headache was relieved (NRS decreased from 9 to 2). On the eighth day of treatment, the sore tongue was also relieved, as reflected by an NRS change from 9 to 0. Conclusion: These results show that chest pain after PCI can be relieved with Korean medical treatment, and it is expected that major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) may be prevented with Korean medical treatment. However, additional well-designed studies are required to confirm these findings.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a disease that causes bleeding in the subarachnoid space; 70%-80% of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhages are caused by saccular aneurysms. If the patient has already experienced a ruptured aneurysm that causes subarachnoid bleeding, rebleeding can result in a high mortality rate and serious sequelae. Therefore, if the patient can undergo surgical or interventional treatment, it should always be performed. This patient was diagnosed with acute aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and hydrocephalus. The patient was hospitalized for uncontrolled headache and vertigo after aneurysm coil embolization and ventriculoperitoneal shunting. The patient was treated with Yangkyuksanwha-tang and acupuncture and was observed with a symptom checklist for 25 days. Headache improved, from a visual analog scale (VAS) score of 7 to 0. Vertigo also improved, from a numeric rating scale (NRS) of 6 to 2, and the vertigo pattern changed from rotational to nonrotational. This case suggests that Korean medicine treatment is helpful in managing subarachnoid hemorrhage sequelae.

Objectives: This study aimed to identify whether herbal medicine improves the clinical symptoms and abnormal blood tests of a patient with fatty liver accompanied by hypertriglyceridemia. Methods: A 44-year-old man with fatty liver and hypertriglyceridemia was prescribed Saenggangunbi-tang from July 20, 2020, to November 11, 2020, to reduce fatigue and to improve laboratory findings, such as liver enzymes and the lipid profile. We observed changes in symptoms, serum levels of liver enzymes, and the lipid profile during about 4-month treatment. We also recorded changes in the bioelectrical impedance analyzer findings during that time. Results: In this case study, an approximately 4-month treatment with Saenggangunbi-tang led to considerable improvement in laboratory findings and visceral fat area. In particular, the patient experienced a noticeable decrease in triglyceride levels compared with the baseline parameters of the first visit. In addition, no side effects-including weight gain and liver enzyme increases-were observed during treatment. Conclusion: This study suggests that appropriately prescribed herbal medicine is a therapeutic option to manage fatty liver combined with hypertriglyceridemia.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the effects of Korean medicine treatment, including Onkyung-tang, on fibromyalgia. Methods: The patient was treated with herbal medicine, acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and chuna manual therapy for 13 days. To evaluate the improvements, we used a numeric rating scale (NRS), the American College of Rheumatology Preliminary Diagnostic Criteria (ACR), the neck disability index (NDI), and the Oswestry disability index (ODI). Results: After treatment, the scores for the NRS, ACR, NDI, and ODI all decreased compared with baseline. Conclusion: This study suggests that Korean medicine treatment that includes Onkyung-tang can be effective in reducing pain and increasing ability to function in patients with fibromyalgia.