• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.1042-1050
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• 2008

In this study, SCP method was used by purpose to improve loose sand and soft clay that is drilled Sand Compaction Pile in underground. Settlement behavior of field analyzed through SCP method. When sand Compaction Pile drilled in clay, forming composite ground that foundation and Sand Compaction Pile behavior. According to SCP method can expect bearing capacity improvement, Settlement reduction, lateral flow protection. SCP increase the consolidation settlement of ground and it reduce settlement for that purpose increase liquefaction resistance, lateral Resistance. Because SCP had been widely used for sand. Area of Inchon-A by sand compose clay and silt to upper Ground and compose soft clay to under ground. After pre-loading, it measured settlement by extensometer and settlement extensometer that purpose of ground improvement with 13% in replacement ratio. The result analyzed settlement behavior is similar to Multi-layered Ground that it happened to elastic settlement at upper ground and to consolidation settlement at under ground.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.232-239
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• 2005

Recently geosynthetics that can be constructed on soft ground have been used for reinforcement and separation in various ways. Through laboratory model tests and numerical analysis, in this study, estimated the suitability of cable elements and appropriate input factors considering loading effect in modeling of geosynthetics. First, in laboratory model tests, geosynthetics were constructed on the clay, and covered with the thickness, 7.5cm of sand mat. And then static and dynamic model tests were performed measuring loading, settlement, ground lateral displacement, and displacements of geosynthetics, but, for cyclic loading, bearing capacity increased linearly with stiff slop because cyclic loading with constant cyclic pressure compacted the ground. Numerical analysis were performed with FLAC 4.0 2D using Mohr-Coulomb and Modified Cam-Clay models, and they compared with the results of model tests. Cable elements of FLAC in modeling geosynthetics couldn't consider the characteristics of geosynthetics that increase shear strength between geosynthetics and clay according to the loading increase. Therefore, in this study, appropriate equation that can consider loading effects in Cable elements was proposed by Case Study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2003.03a
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• pp.701-708
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• 2003

Recently, piezocone penetration test is frequently conformed in order to estimate the characteristics of soft ground with standard penetration test, generally used in the past. The soil characteristics, such as cone penetration resistance, friction resistence and excessive pore water pressure, can be evaluated continuously through the piezocone penetration test. In Incheon International Airport 2nd phase site preparation, standard penetration test and piezocone penetration test were used in order to increase the confidence for determination of soft ground depth. And the compressible layer was determined by the comparison between the preconsolidation pressure and the designed increase pressure. As the results, the relation between standard penetration test and piezocone penetration test shows q$_{c}$=(1.09~l.63)N at the soft ground, determined by 5/30 N value. And q$_{c}$=(1.21~l.98)N was shown at the point of compressible layer, evaluated by the preconsolidation pressure. These results were applied to determination for the depth of soft ground and to design the improvement for the soft clay.lay.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.586-597
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• 2022

In this study, a model was developed for the estimating the locational thickness information of the upper clay layer to be used for the consolidation vulnerability evaluation in the Nakdong river estuary. To estimate ground layer thickness information, we developed four spatial estimation models using machine learning algorithms, which are RF (Random Forest), SVR (Support Vector Regression) and GPR (Gaussian Process Regression), and geostatistical technique such as Ordinary Kriging. Among the 4,712 borehole data in the study area collected for model development, 2,948 borehole data with an upper clay layer were used, and Pearson correlation coefficient and mean squared error were used to quantitatively evaluate the performance of the developed models. In addition, for qualitative evaluation, each model was used throughout the study area to estimate the information of the upper clay layer, and the thickness distribution characteristics of it were compared with each other.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.195-205
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• 2013

This study, using the MCC Model to consider consolidation, estimated the range within which no influences occur from lateral movement and its amount of the foundation pile and abutment on the soft ground. This study performed finite element analyses, with variations on the adhesiveness and internal friction angle, depth of soft clay, embankment height, consolidation parameters, and separation distance between the abutment and embankment. The abutment's horizontal displacement exhibits linear change with a longer separation distance, and changes into an exponential form as the embankment gets closer to the abutment. As the soft clay layer becomes 10 m deeper, the horizontal displacement tends to increase 1.5~3.0 times. However, it decreases at a rate of 0.3~0.95 when adhesiveness is increased by 10 $kN/m^2$ and internal friction angle is increased by $5^{\circ}$. The increase change rate in a lateral movement amount becomes greater if it is closer to the abutment when the abutment separation distance is long. When the distance is short, the change rate of horizontal displacement increases in similar a way, but it tends to be decreasing overall.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.423-428
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• 2005

If the load of constructing vehicles during the construction work acts on the road or the ground surface on the soft ground, due to the excess stresses in soils the trafficability of the vehicles influences the constructing efficiency, constructing period and so on. Stress distribution in soils is the very important element to design and to solve the problems of settlement, safety of foundations and trafficability of constructing vehicle in civil engineering. This research represents the comparative estimation of the actual and theoretical measurement on the underground stress of outer layer for each soil after the observation of each top soil layer for its vertical and horizontal stress in (1)homogeneous sand ground (2) weak stratum with the sand soil (3) weak stratum with gravel of the soil model, and it also investigates the effect of subsidence of ground by the repeated load. The underground stress turn out to be different in the value of theoretical and actual measurement after the trial examination of model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.365-372
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• 1999

The plane deformation and spatial seepage(PDSS) analysis was developed to consider 3D flow of excess pore water as well as plane deformation of ground. Here is newly developed an equivalent model for PDSS analysis, which was the purpose to reduce number of finite elements and to take the effects of smear and well resistance into consideration. As the result of PDSS analysis with applying the new model, it is showed that the settlement-tin e relationship by PDSS agrees well with those of Plane strain(PS) and axisymmetric analyses, irrespective of existence of untreated layer. And the excess pore pressure distribution by PDSS is relatively agreed with that of axisymmetric analysis, not with that of PS.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.20-25
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• 2004

For the structural foundation above the soft clay layer conditions, the design charts are first presented for the evaluation of both bearing capacity and total settlement in the basic raft foundation system. wad settlement relationship curves are used to evaluate the ultimate soil bearing capacity. The total settlement is evaluated by applying various traditional factors into the ultimate bearing capacity. Then, the parametric studies are carried out for the piled-raft foundation system. In the numerical analysis, the elasto-pastic finite element model(Mohr-Coulomb model) is used to present the foundation response and design charts, which enable the determination of the raft size and pile length and spacing.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.160-168
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• 2001

This study aims at the development of computer program for the deformation analysis of soft ground, and using this computer program, study the constraint effect of deformation heaving, lateral displacement of the soft ground reinforced with improvement of soft ground up to hard strata, under intact state(natural). The following results are obtained. 1. Improvement of soft ground to the hard strata works well against the settlement of neighboring ground. 2. the larger the rigidity or width of improvement of layer to hard strata is, the less settlement occurs. 3. Improvement of soft ground to the hard strata is of no use.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.123-136
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• 2004

Terzaghi's one-dimensional consolidation theory has some important assumption, which can't be applicable to predict the behavior of soft clay ground. Especially, predictions using infinitesimal strain and linear material function related with permeability can give rise to mistake in comparison with the result of real behavior in site. For this reason, Gibson et al. established a rigorous formulation for the one-dimensional nonlinear finite strain consolidation theory, which can consider non-linearity of material function. But it is difficult to apply this theory to predict the behavior of common soft clay ground with vertical drain. In this study, consolidation model which can consider the vertical and horizontal flow of a fully saturated clay layer, self-weight of soil and nonlinear characteristics of compressibility and permeability are derived. Numerical analysis scheme, which can be applied to consolidation analysis by derived consolidation model in this study was developed. The characteristics of material function were examined using laboratory testing such as standard consolidation test, Rowe-cell test and modified consolidation test.