• Informatization Policy
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.106-126
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• 2022

The digital divide issue is re-emerging in step with the rapid progress of digital transformation. Recently, the discussion of the digital divide is expanding to the point that the difference in digital access and use competency deepens economic and social inequality and discrimination. Notably, the phenomenon of the exclusion and alienation of the elderly from society is a serious matter to be addressed. Accordingly, this research was conducted to provide practical help in minimizing the digital divide through its understanding among the elderly. To this end, both the accomplished capital accumulated and experienced in the course of life and their attitudes toward technology in relation to digital competence capital by the elderly were examined in three dimensions. This analysis was conducted using the results of the '2020 The Report on the Digital Divide'. The target group of the analysis comprised 653 seniors aged 65 and above. As a result of the analysis, digital competence capital among the elderly was affected by both various types of accomplished capital such as educational, income, social, and emotional capital and digital device use attitude. Based on this, this study proposed measures to bridge the digital divide among the elderly.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.449-476
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• 2010

This paper focuses on the security problems in atlantic ocean involved in the USA and Latin America and the Caribbean. The ocean security matters in this region have mainly argued military concerns traditionally. However, the concept of ocean security has been changed in the 21st century and strongly debated with various dimensions: social, human and resource, environment as well. This paper traces these changed concepts currently with many empirical cases existed in many security conflicts in this ocean, especially between the USA and Latin(South) America region. Historically, security conflicts in the OAS(Organization of American States) countries have involved with many military matters, territory and oceans, and currently added up with terrorism and drug problems as well. However, the great and potential conflict emerged in the security issues is resource matter in this ocean and get a dilemma to be sorted out between military and social security matter. For example, the re-establishment of 'the 4th Fleet' in US Navy got a great conflict between the USA and the South American countries, both of them wants to achieve to resource security in this ocean to meet their energy security. Finally this paper addresses some implications and prospects in this conflict in near future and suggests a few solutions and advices for Korean's relation in this ocean.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.40
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• pp.25-43
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• 2019

The purpose of flower decoration at the funeral altar is to create various flower decorations at altar according to the social status of the deceased, to console psychological shock and pains of mourners and the bereaved families, and to make them remember the life of the deceased beautifully. In this study, five top funeral service companies in Korea selected by the Fair Trade Commission in 2017 and five repr And this researcher identified problems in flower decorations at the funeral altar in Korea, by comparing and analyzing the styles of flower decorations at funeral altars in Korea and Japan. In addition, this researcher surveyed consumers' preferences by age group. According to the results of the survey, most of the entire age group responded positively to the flower decorations at the funeral altar which focused on the job of the deceased. This means that consumers are demanding changes to the flower decorations at the funeral altar which are made up of the products of funeral service companies. In addition, the results of the survey, it can be seen that most consumers prefer to decorate the altar flowers according to the occupation, hobby, and taste of the deceased and present the altar in three dimensions like a landscape of nature. esentative funeral service companies in Japan were surveyed on the status of flower decorations at the funeral altar.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.69-85
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• 2017

In 2014, India legalized corporate social responsibility(CSR) for foreign companies and enforced it. Meanwhile, one of the Korean companies' concerns is that the turnover rate of employees is very high. Therefore, this study was conducted in four dimensions. First, Korean IT companies in India ought to work on CSR activities so this study investigates to see if CSR can reduce employee turnover rate. Second, the study is to verify whether job embeddedness plays mediating role in the relationship between CSR and 'intention to leave'. Third, the study is also to verify whether organizational identification plays mediating role in the relationship between CSR and 'intention to leave'. Lastly, the study is also to verify whether job embeddedness and organizational identification show dual mediation effect in the relationship between CSR and 'intention to leave'. The results of the study are as follows ; First, CSR does not make any significant effect on 'intention to leave'. Second, job embeddedness and organizational identification show dual mediation effect in the relationship between CSR and 'intention to leave'. So if Korean IT firms in India conduct CSR activities strategically, the activities can eventually reduce the propensity of 'intention to leave'. Based on the results, several implications on Korean IT firms are suggested for reducing the propensity of 'intention to leave' in India, effectively.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.110-124
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to develop community design evaluation factors for sustainable urban regeneration and to suggest considerations for sustainable community design by analyzing excellent community design cases. Through literature review, previous studies on the concept and core items of sustainable urban regeneration, and the concept and components of community design were considered. In addition, evaluation indicators for sustainable community design were developed in the socio-economic, physical, environmental, historical and cultural dimensions through the analysis of the linkage with the evaluation factors of community design through the analysis of previous studies. The evaluation index consists of 3 evaluation items and 9 items including social performance and participation at the social level, economic feasibility at the economic level, environmental characteristics at the physical and environmental level, accessibility, contextuality, locality at the historical and cultural level, identity, and artistry. Includes dog evaluation factors. Reliability and effectiveness are secured through the developed evaluation index and detailed description and expert verification. Exploratory factor analysis and expert interviews were conducted through the survey, and as a result of the analysis, the stability and Cronbach'α coefficients were verified, and the validity of the community design evaluation index considering sustainable urban regeneration was recognized through expert interview. The results of this study are considered meaningful in that they can provide basic data for the improvement of community design for sustainable urban regeneration in the future.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.265-291
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• 2013

In the context of welfare politics, this study tries to examine how interest groups'policy priorities in the child-care policy of Korea were shaped and changed. Based on the already institutionalized child-care services, each beneficiary group-parents, employer and employee of child care center-has its own preference and perception in child-care policy. Futhermore, this difference has produced conflict of interests in the priority of policy options and brought interest group politics to the realm of child-care policy. With regard to interest group politics, this study firstly examines divergence of beneficiary groups'perception about the child-care policy priorities. Meanwhile, discourse politics should be regarded as another dimension of welfare politics because beneficiaries'perception preference in policy could be sometimes changed and converged by communicative policy discourse. By examining convergent aspects of beneficiary groups'perception about policy priority, this study secondly tries to analyze the discourse politics which has been influenced by the free child-care discourse during 2010-12 election period. To investigate these two dimensions of child-care politics, beneficiary groups'policy priority should be systematically and comprehensively classified and quantified. Using Analysis Hierarchy Process(AHP), this study identifies 11 policy issues and determines different ranking priorities of each beneficiary group.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.45-65
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• 2014

This study was designed to look into whether there is any mediated effect of psychological well-being and empowerment on the path of the negative emotions of mothers from multi-cultural families turning into the life satisfaction and tried to demonstrate empirically factors to mitigate the decline in the life satisfaction due to negative emotions of mothers from multi-cultural families. In addition, we verified the differences of psychological factors according to the characteristics of the sociology of population of mothers from multi-cultural families. For this, the survey was conducted with 400 mothers from multi-cultural families across the nation. The results are as follows. First, in case of negative emotions, there were differences among groups depending on ages, years of marriage and educational background. In case of psychological well-being and empowerment, there were differences among groups with different age, years of marriage, their own or their spouse's educational background. Second, as a result of looking into the path through which negative emotions turned into life satisfaction, there were the path effects between negative emotions and empowerment, between negative emotions and life satisfaction, and between psychological well-being and life satisfaction. This means that dealing properly with negative emotions can have positive impacts on the three dimensions of psychological well-being, empowerment, and eventually the life satisfaction. This study is meaningful in that it took psychological factors of mothers from multi-cultural families into consideration and the results can be used as useful data to come up with political measures for mothers from multi-cultural families in the future.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.147-163
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• 2004

The present research investigated and compared stress coping strategies of North Korean refugees with those of South Koreans in the purpose to predict and prepare psychological conflicts expected to occur during the Korean reunification. Adapted from Han, Hur, Chae, and Kim(2001), North Korean refugees recorded their coping strategies that they would employ in stressful situations varying in term of three aspects of stress causes - 2(locus: internal/external) × 2(stability: temporal/enduring) × 2(context: individual/interpersonal) - and the responses were classified in terms of three dimensions(active/passive, approach/avoidance, cognitive/affective/behavioral). In the temporal stress situations, adaptive North Korean refugees preferred active over passive, approaching over avoiding, and behavioral over cognitive/affective stress coping strategies more than maladaptive North Korean refugees did. Also, in the stressful situations caused by external causes, they were more likely to take active rather than passive, approaching rather than avoiding copying. Although active copying strategies were preferred to passive ones by adaptive North Korean refugees in individual stressful situations, approaching copying strategies were preferred to avoiding ones by them in interpersonal stressful situations. These findings were found to be different from the pattern of South Korean's stress coping strategies in the same situations. In conclusion, the differences were discussed in the view of psychological integration during Korean reunification.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.81-100
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• 2024

This study validated and investigated the psychological properties of the Korean version of Everyday Ageism Scale to measure subtle ageism in day-to day lives. A total of 498 adults aged 60 and above participated in this study, which involved measuring the everyday ageism scale, experiences of elderly discrimination, self-perception of aging scale, depression (SCL-90R), and satisfaction with life scale. The sample was randomly divided into two groups.Tthe first group(n=198) used for exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis, and the second group(n=300) was used for confirmatory factor analysis and validity testing. As a result, if was confirmed that K-EAS consist of 10 items and 3 dimensions (i.e., exposure to ageist messages, ageism in interpersonal interactions, and internalized ageism), consistent with the original scale. K-EAS demonstrated good internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and incremental validity. In specific, ageism in interpersonal interactions and internalized ageism were correlated with experiences of elderly discrimination, negative self-perceptions of aging, and depression. However, ageism in interpersonal interactions and internalized ageism were negatively correlated with positive self-perceptions of aging and satisfaction with life. Also, the K-EAS provided additional explanation of depression even when excluding the effect of experiences of elderly discrimination. The result confirme that K-EAS is reliable and valid. The implication and limitations of this study, as well as suggestions for the use of K-EAS and future research, were discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.316-330
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• 2008

During the past two decades or so, science (or scientific or scientific & technological) culture has become one of the main themes not only of policy makers but also of science educators. Although, the idea of science culture has been taken as a desirable goal, there is little agreement about what it means and how to measure it. Particularly in Korea, there has been a rapid growth of science culture projects and programs, either by governmental or non-governmental, but with little systemic monitoring and evaluation for its practice. The purpose of this study is, thus, to explore a model of measuring science culture and develop a comprehensive indicator system for it. We reviewed many literatures on definitions of science culture and the surveys for related terms, particularly, of recent national and international surveys (e.g. US Science and Engineering Indicators, Eurobarometer, Japanese Science and Technology Indicators). Based on this review, a model for science culture is proposed and then used to define the Science Culture Indicators (SCI). This model encompasses two dimensions(i.e. individual and social), which are further divided into two aspects (i.e. potential and practice). Each dimension is expected to represent citizen literacy of and national infrastructure of science culture respectively. Each category in this $2{\times}2$ matrix is further divided into several sub-categories. The discussion concerning how the model and the indicators can be used to check the states of science culture at social as well as individual levels will be given with some concrete examples, such as indicators particularly related to science education.