• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.209-216
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of 8 weeks after school classes of track sports on students' start motion through kinematic variables. 30 students in D National university of education participated for this study. These students divided into two groups, 17 students for experimental group and 13 students for control group. The two groups participated in general athletic class as common class, and the experimental group participated in after school class additionally. The general class taught track and jump skill for 3 hours a week, and the after school class taught only athletic running skill for 30 minutes a week. Pre and post test assessed to assess students' kinematic changes. Findings indicated that velocity and step rate were increased, and contact time, step length, displacement of center of mass were decreased in the experimental group. In the control group, early velocity, knee/hip angle velocity were increased, and contact time, step length, displacement of center of mass were decreased. In conclusion, the students who only participated in general class, could not maintain athletic skills obtained from the class. However, students who participated in both general and after school class accomplish athletic start skill. This is because Continuous learning effect helped students keep the skill and did not lose the skill. Thus, in order for students to learn specific sport skills, joining after school class with general class together is recommended.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1882-1893
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• 2016

This study intended to look into the causal relations, in which a ski class conducted at a college is linked from college students' participation motivation to satisfaction and revisit. Among others, this study intended to boost the quality of the ski class conducted at a college with focus on the difference between the influences on satisfaction and revisit according to pre/post class participation. Further, the purpose of this study is to inquire into an ultimate basic plan required for winter sports development on the basis of the deduced results, through which this study drew the conclusion as follows: First, it was found that the influence relationship between class satisfaction before/after class was established in a joy seeking factor according to ski class participation motivation. Second, the daily routine deviation factor among the sub-factors of ski class participation motivation was found to have a positive effect on revisit before/after class while friendship promotion factor, health factor and physical strength factor were found to have an influence on revisit after class.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine cephalometric factors that help predict favorable soft-tissue profile outcomes following treatment with the Class II Twin-block appliance. Methods: Pre- and post-treatment lateral cephalograms of 45 patients treated with the Class II Twin-block appliance were retrospectively analyzed. Profile silhouettes were drawn from the cephalograms and evaluated by three orthodontists in order to determine the extent of improvement. Samples were divided into a favorable group (upper 30% of visual analogue scale [VAS] scores, n = 14) and an unfavorable group (lower 30% of VAS scores, n = 14). Skeletal and soft-tissue measurements were performed on the cephalograms and an intergroup comparison was conducted. Results: An independent t-test revealed that the following pre-treatment values were lower in the favorable group compared to the unfavorable group: lower incisor to mandibular plane angle, lower incisor to pogonion distance, point A-nasion-point B angle, sella-nasion line (SN) to maxillary plane angle, SN to mandibular plane angle, gonial angle, and symphysis inclination. The favorable group had a larger incisor inclination to occlusal plane. Moreover, the favorable group showed larger post-treatment changes in gonial angle, B point projection, and pogonion projection than did the unfavorable group. Conclusions: Class II malocclusion patients with a low divergent skeletal pattern and reduced lower incisor protrusions are likely to show more improvement in soft-tissue profile outcomes following Class II Twin-block treatment.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.595-608
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• 2021

Background and objective: For effective horticultural education, it is required to develop kits for practice. In this study, we developed a horticultural kit for germination that introduces storytelling, characterization, and assembly, and investigated the educational effects of using it to study its educational differentiation and usefulness. Methods: First, we developed a seed germination kit for learning. It consists of three components: the kit main frame for hydroponics, the activity sheet for storytelling, and the instruction manual. It is made into an acrylic assembly in consideration of the ease of delivery for contactless learning. Second, we developed two programs, each using a germination kit for horticultural education (experimental group) and a general germination kit program (control group). At this time, the class consists of pre-questionnaire, the 1st and 2nd classes, observation log writing (total six times for two weeks), the 3rd class, and post-questionnaire. The experimental group and control group were separately executed. Third, the application results were compared and analyzed before and after class. As a quantification questionnaire, the effects before and after class were compared through t-test with a questionnaire on program satisfaction and attitude change toward plants. The quantitative results were analyzed through observation activity sheets and effects before and after the class were analyzed through t-test with quantification and language coding. Results: The effect of horticulture education using the developed kit was estimated by a quantification questionnaire. Both the program satisfaction and the change in attitude toward plants showed high in the experimental group, and this difference was statistically significant (p < .05). As a result of analyzing the observation paper with a qualitative questionnaire, various cognitive and affective expressions appeared in the experimental group as well as the contents of the observation paper. The number of syllables and various qualitative expressions appeared, and these differences were also statistically significant (p < .05). Conclusion: Compared to general germination activities, it was found that the germination activities using storytelling-based horticultural kits would be effective for contactless classes in the post-COVID-19 era and in increasing the educational effect of horticultural activities.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.317-326
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• 2012

The study aims at analyzing and comparing the effect of video teleconferencing English class with native speakers on class satisfaction and self-efficacy of elementary school students according to grades. Revised Kim's self efficacy and researcher's class satisfaction measuring tools were used for this. Grade 3 got the highest score and grade 6 had the lowest one in class satisfaction. In post-testing on self efficacy, average score was lower than in pre-testing except grade 3. Grade 3 got the highest score and grade 6 had the lowest one in self efficacy. I conclude that as students' grade goes up, their interests decrease in teleconferencing class and native speaker teachers.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.135-154
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• 1991

The purposes of this study are: 1) To find out overall family life issues percieved by the middle-classhousewives in their forties. 2) To examine detailed aspects related to middle years crises, leisure activities, children issues, family economy issues, and housing issues. 3) To clarify solutions to, and provide basic data on family issues raised by the middle-class families. The middle-class housewives in their forties living in the Seoul area were the subject of the survey. The sample size analysed in this study was 422. Data were analysed by the frequency, mean, percentile, standard deviation, X2-test, analysis of variance, multiple classification analysis, analysis of multiple regression, and Scheffe-test as a post-hoc analysis. The conclusions are as follows: First, the middle-class housewives tend to give more importance on children issues, especially on academic achievement and career development. Second, family cohesion of middle-class families is comparatively high and intra-familial conflict is low, and middle years crisis of housewives is comparatively low, too. Third, the stability of middle-class families can be found in household economic management patterns. one fourth of the families own stocks and two fifths of the families own real estate except their own dwelling house. Be based on their property income add to their labor income, middle-class families are showed their economic stability, however, intra-class inequality is found, too. Fourth, the great part of middle-class families that possess their own house, tend to be unsatisfied with their housig scale, and a half of the families expect to enlarge their housing scale for more comfortable and convient living.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.59-66
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• 2015

In the on-line pre-learning which is applied in this study, on line pre-learning, in-class, post-learning are circulated together in the same experiments. The on-line pre-learning has been tried to 136 students in A junior college in Seoul for 3 years. The effects of their self-regulated learning are as follows. First, the self-regulated learning ability has increased by 0.42 point. The point after the self-regulated learning and before it is 3.24 and 3.66 respectively. Second, cognitive regulation, motivational regulation and behavioral regulation have also increased. Out of them, cognitive control has increased the most. Metacognitive strategy is higher than cognitive strategy. In conclusion, the result shows that the on-line pre-learning is helpful to develop the self-regulated learning ability and it is also suitable to teaching-learning method for junior college.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.342-349
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• 2014

Because of the potential morbidity and complications associated with surgical procedures, limiting the extent of orthognathic surgery is a desire for many orthodontic patients. An eighteen-year-old woman had a severe Class III malocclusion and required bi-maxillary surgery. By changing the patient's maxillary occlusal plane using orthodontic mini-implants, she was able to avoid the maxillary surgery; requiring only a mandibular setback surgery. To accurately predict the post-surgery outcome, we applied a new soft tissue prediction method. We were able to follow and report the long-term result of her combined orthodontic and orthognathic treatment. The changes to her occlusal plane continue to appear stable over 6 years later.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06e
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• pp.203-206
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• 2001

The fMRI which can express the function of brain as MR image is now being studied. The study on the functional image has usually been performed with the MRI in 4 tesla class in goneral, but if gradient echo imaging method could be used, it might make the most of what it has with the MRI in 1.5 tesla class. However, the lack of adequate image post-processing software prevents it from being used as widely as it could be. For the image post-processing algorithm of the functional image, subtraction method and several statistical methods are used with continuous introduction of new method recently. In this paper, we suggest adaptation of wavelet algorithm for obtaining a more reliable brain function map.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.3-9
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• 2018

This article examined the effects of self-reflecting journal writing in speaking class on academic performance of science and engineering students. To assess the effect, 27 science and engineering students from the "Speech and Life" class were asked to keep a self-reflecting journal. Pre and post-intervention surveys were conducted, followed by the analysis of learning effect and satisfaction. In addition to the pre and post-intervention surveys, an additional survey on speaking ability was conducted at the same time and the change of the students' ability was assessed. Results showed that after writing self-reflection journals, participants' learning effect and satisfaction has increased, and their speaking performance was also improved.