• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.200-209
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• 1991

수칙표면 위에서 일어나는 충류 및 난류응축 모두에 사용할 수 있는 새로운 반경험적 열전달 관계식을 제안하였다. 본 관계식의 함수 형태는 층류와 난류 막응축 유동에 대한 기존의 대표적 관계식에 근거를 두었고, 한편 본 관계식의 수치계수는 공개된 문헌에서 수집한 실험자료를 사용하여 최소자승법에 의해 결정하였다. 또한, 본 관계식과 기존 7개의 관계식 (즉 층류에 대한 관계식 4개 와 난류에 대한 관계식 3개 )의 성능을 정확도와 적용 범위에 대해서 평가하였다. 그 결과 층류 막응축에 대하여는 Zazuli의 관계식과 본 관계식이 가장 작은 평균 오차를 가져오고, 난류 영역에서는 Kirkbride와 Badger의 관계식과 본 관계식이 가장 작은 평균 오차를 가져오는 것을 보여 준다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.334-342
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• 2013

In this paper, we analyze the procedure of the design manager for the enhancement of the hull production design process by use of the simulation method. Normally, design manager assigns design jobs according to various methods and estimates the corresponding results. When the construction drawing which is the output of the detail design where a design is dealt by zones, the design manager identifies blocks and analyzes their work difficulties, and assigns jobs to design engineers who are different in capabilities. These processes including the design engineer who can be modeled with man-hours evaluation model are represented in detail as a simulation model. As the high-level modeling for the discrete-event system, we use Event Graph model. And we implemented the simulation using Simkit which is open simulation engine for the discrete-event system. We made the simulation scenario to be written by a user in the scenario generator which is separated from the simulation model, and made the simulation result to be visualized in the form of Gantt chart in a Web. In the scenario of the irregular issuance for various construction drawings which contain different numbers of blocks, we performed the Monte-Carlo simulation according to various assignment methods to find the assignment result that satisfies the mid-term schedule.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.328-333
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• 2005

Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are widely distributed, and their function and diversity of structure have been much studied in the field of molecular chaperones. In plants, which frequently have to cope with hostile environments, sHSPs are much more abundant and diverse than in other forms of life. In response to high temperature stress, sHSPs of more than twenty kinds can make up more than 1% of soluble plant proteins. We isolated a genomic clone, NtHSP18.3, from Nicotiana tabacum that encodes the complete open reading frame of a cytosolic class I small heat shock protein. To investigate the function of NtHSP18.3 in vitro, it was overproduced in Escherichia coli and purified. The purified NtHSP18.3 had typical molecular chaperone activity as it protected citrate synthase and luciferase from high temperature-induced aggregation. When E. coli celluar proteins were incubated with NtHSP18.3, a large proportion of the proteins remained soluble at temperatures as high as $70^{\circ}C$. Native gel analysis suggested that NtHSP18.3 is a dodecameric oligomer as the form present and showing molecular chaperone activity at the condition tested. Binding of bis-ANS to the oligomers of NtHSP18.3 indicated that exposure of their hydrophobic surfaces increased as the temperature was raised. Taken together, our data suggested that NtHSP18.3 is a molecular chaperone that functions as a dodecameric complex and possibly in a temperature-induced manner.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.257-269
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of aquatic exercise and to identify directions for future research. Methods: Twenty one articles from 2 sites of article database (1990-2010) and 6 from Korean nursing journals were reviewed. Results: There were 20 quasi experimental design and 1 randomized controlled design. Major subjects of research were older women with arthritis. The most common type of exercise was Kim (1994)'s form. The most frequent duration of exercise was over 6 weeks. Outcome measurement was classified to physical and psychosocial variables. For physical outcomes, pain release was found in 13 articles among 15 articles, muscle strength improvement in 5 articles among 10 articles, flexibility improvement in 5 articles among 9 articles, and balance improvement in 3 articles among 6 articles. For psychosocial outcomes, improvement of quality of life was found in 3 articles among 7 articles and self-efficacy improvement in 5 articles among 7 articles. Conclusion : The effect of aquatic exercise over 6 weeks improves the physical and psychosocial functions. It is suggested that meta analysis needs to be done to integrate the various results.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.150-162
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• 2010

Assessment of hydrodynamic performance of a ship hull has been focused on a model ship rather than a full-scale ship. In order to design the propeller of a ship, model-scale wake is often extended to full-scale based upon an empirical method or designer's experience, since wake measurement data for a full-scale ship is very rare. Recently modern CFD tools made some success in reproducing wake field of a model ship, which implicates that there are some possibilities of the accurate prediction of full-scale wakes. In this paper firstly the evaluation of model-scale wake obtained by Fluent package was performed. It was found that CFD calculation with the Reynolds-stress model (RSM) provided much better agreement with wake measurement in the towing tank than with the realizable k-$\varepsilon$ model (RKE). In the next full-scale wake was calculated using the same package to find out the difference between model and full-scale wakes. Three hull forms of KLNG, KCS, KVLCC2 having measurement data open for the public, were chosen for the comparison of resistance, form factor, and propeller plane wake between model ships and full-scale ships.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.365-372
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• 2008

스텔러라이트(stellerite)는 제올라이트 광물군에 속하는데 국내에서 이 광물의 산출은 매우 적으며 이에 관한 광물학적인 연구는 전무한 상황이다. 경북 청도군 유천화강암에서 산출하는 스텔러라이트는 길이 $3{\sim}4\;mm$, 폭 $1{\sim}2\;mm$의 등립질, 자형이 특징이며 약간 납작한 주상형태가 가장 흔하다. 결정의 집합체는 무작위방향이나 방사상으로 밀집하는 조직이 특징적이다. 스텔러라이트 결정은 c축을 따라 발달하는데 010면이 가장 넓고 길게 발달한다. 주사전자현미경(SEM)에 의한 미세조직관찰 결과에 따르면 스텔러라이트는 풍화작용이나 탈유리질화와 같은 변질작용을 겪었다. 스텔러라이트는 $161^{\circ}C$에서 가장 큰 탈수반응이 일어나고, $467^{\circ}C$에서의 탈수산기작용이 일어나며 그 이후에는 구조가 파괴된다. 스텔러라이트는 과냉각이 작은 환경에서 비교적 짧은 기간 동안에 잔류용액의 조성비가 비교적 일정하게 유지되는 환경에서 형성되었다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.59-63
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• 2018

Purpose - It has already been proved that 'mood' as the physical environment of shopping affects consumers' main sensory channels such as sight, hearing, smell, touch. However, there is no consensus on how the olfactory cue influences the customers in the shopping environment. In this study, we examine the previous studies on how the olfactory cue affects the customers in the shopping environment and present a clear direction as a suggestion for progressive research. Research design, data, and methodology - It is not important to use a lot of unconditional fragrance, but it should be exposed to the environment that suits the proper fragrance. In recent years, meaningful research on store fragrance has been slowly increasing. As a result, studies on the fragrance effects of retail stores have been conducted to verify the relevance of fragrance suitability in stores and consumer spending scale. Results - The fragrance appropriate for each store can not be uniformly specified as any fragrance. This is because external variables such as time, season, temperature, lighting, density of shoppers, and music in the store also affect customer evaluation. For example, using an unsuitable fragrance may encourage customers to leave the store quickly by restraining impulsive purchases or by disturbing concentration. The store manager should also be interested in using fragrances that are proven and effective in the store environment, but they should also have the ability to easily manipulate and manage the fragrances very appropriately according to changes in the store environment. Store managers should observe consumer preferences and responses according to their goals and strategies, and then systematically manage and store information about the fragrance appropriate to the store. Conclusions - In the future, the fragrance marketing researcher needs to consider the spatial form and density of the customer. In practice, managers operating a retail store should check the most appropriate store density(congestion) according to the size and spatial characteristics of the store and maintain the ideal conditions. To do this, it is necessary to pay attention to how to select and control sensory elements such as fragrance(olfactory), music(auditory), and lighting(visual).

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제88권3호
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• pp.400-407
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 가치평가를 위한 설문내용은 일치하지만 상이한 질문형에 따라 평가된 휴양가치의 차이가 나타나는 지를 밝히는 데 목적을 두였다. 자료 수집을 위해 속리산 국립공원 방문객을 대상으로 폐쇄형인 양분선택 방식과 개방형인 직접지불 방식, 두 가지 질문형에 대해 동일한 피설문자에게 설문조사를 실시하였다. 이 때 얻고자 하는 방문객의 휴양가치는 동등변이에 기초한 최대지불의사액이었다. 분석에서 사용된 독립변수는 여행비용과 월 개인소득이다. 가치평가를 위한 기본모형은 단순선형을 가정하였으며 폐쇄형은 프로빗, 개방형은 토빗모형에 근거한 이변량정규분포모형을 사용하였다. 분석 결과, 응답자가 동일한 경우에 산출된 지불의사액은 질문형에 따라 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으며 성인 방문객 1인의 5년간 속리산 국립공원에 대한 휴양가치는 25,556원으로 산출되었다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제18권
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• pp.99-130
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• 2002

본 연구는 '성수여중생폭력사건(2000년 4월 12일 발생)'을 계기로 갖게 된 관심, 즉 사이버공간이 우리 사회에 기여하는 부분 혹은 그 가능성은 무엇인지에 대한 관심에서 출발한다. 사이버공간 안에서 발의되는 수많은 의제들이 어떤 경우는 사라지고 어떤 경우는 큰 반향을 일으켜 매스미디어로 공간을 넓혀가기도 하는데 그 과정에 영향을 미치는 요인들은 무엇인지, 또 사이버공간에 매스미디어의 대안적 공간으로 자리잡기 위해서는 어떻게 활용되어야 하는지를 알아보고자 힘이 연구의 목적이다. 성수여중사건이 지니는 특징은 첫째, 의제 발의의 주체가 소시민이라는 것, 둘째, 사이버공간이 기존 주류미디어에 접근하기 어려운 개인의제를 매스미디어의제로 발의될 수 있도록 가교역할을 했으며, 셋째는 사이버공간 안에서 확산된 하나의 사건이 온라인은 물론 오프라인으로의 운동차원으로 그 영역을 급속히 확 대해 갔다는 점들이다. 연구결과를 통해 제안할 수 있는 것은 사이버공간이 전체 사회의 민주주의 발전에 기여하는 대안공간으로 작동하려면 사이버만으로 국한되지 않고 사이버공간과 매스미디어, 사이버공간과 오프라인 사이의 상호작용이 절대적으로 필요하다는 점이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.503-512
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• 2002

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop educational materials for preventing type B viral hepatitis infection. Prior to this study, a survey had been conducted to define the educational needs of persons with hepatitis B antigen. Method: Based on the results of the former study and a review of the literature, the content of the educational materials was confined to the transmission cycle and its prevention in type B hepatitis. A professional team that consisted of writers and producers videotaped the lectures provided by professors and instructors in a nursing school. A professional graphic designer produced the leaflet to enhance the visual effects. Results: The contents of the educational materials for type B hepatitis were composed of six parts: (1) the prevalence rate (or morbidity) of type B hepatitis antigen positive and its recent trend, (2) transformation of hepatitis. (3) transmission cycle of hepatitis infection, (4) persons who are susceptible to hepatitis and need a vaccination, (5) preventive approach hepatitis vaccination and the guideline for patients' daily lives for preventing infection and (6) questions and answers. The materials were delivered in the form of lectures, visual charts, graphics, and multi-media. Conclusion: The educational materials developed in this study may provide practical information and knowledge on strategies to prevent type B hepatitis. The educational materials may be utilized in primary health care centers or school health services.