• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제40권12호
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• pp.136-144
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• 2003

본 논문은 Offset time을 기반으로 하는 OBS에서 하위 우선순위 클래스의 버스트 크기를 망의 트래픽 부하에 따라 동적으로 조절하여 하위 우선순위 클래스의 손실율을 제어시킬 수 있는 방안을 제안한다. 이 방안에서는 void를 활용하는 스케줄링에서는 부하가 증가함에 따라 긴 버스트의 손실율이 짧은 버스트의 손실율 보다 높아지므로, 부하가 높아 질 때에는 버스트의 길이를 짧게 함으로써, 채널의 void/gap을 보다 효율적으로 활용하여 클래스간의 버스트 충돌을 감소시킬 수 있다는 사실을 이용한다. 이 방안의 구현을 위해서 먼저 버스트의 길이와 버스트 loss율 그리고 트래픽 부하에 대한 상관관계를 구하여, 코어 라우터에서는 망의 부하에 따라 유지하고자하는 버스트 손실율에 상응하는 burst 길이를 Ingress 에지 라우터(edge router)에 주기적 혹은 필요에 따라 피드백 해준다. 에지 라우터는 피드백 받은 정보에 따라 어셈블리 때에 Burst Assembly Threshold를 조정하여 버스트 길이를 제한하게 된다. 시뮬레이션 결과를 통하여 제안한 방안이 하위 우선 순위 버스트들의 손실율을 망이 요구하는 수준으로 잘 유지 할 수 있음을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.421-443
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to identify patients' perceptions of health professionals' unkind behavior and the effects of this unkind behavior using a Phenomenological research methodology. Understanding of this phenomena should enlighten nurses to interaction and relationship problems between patient and health professionals and thus lead to further research toward enhancing these interaction and relationships. The subjects were 40 adult patients hospitalized in a university hospital in Seoul. They were from 20 to 65 yews old and hospitalized at IM, GS, OS, NS, OB /GY ward. Their hospital days were from 4 to 72. Data were collected from July 29 to August 9, 1991 and from January 6 to 17, 1992. The research questions were “What behavior on the part of health professionals you perceive as unkind and what effect does such behavior have in you\ulcorner”. Responses to the non-structured open-ended questions were audio-recorded during the interviews done by two nurses researchers. Data were analyzed using the phenomenological method of Colazzi. The validity was enhanced by confirmation of the analysis by two nursing clinical researchers, and professor of psychology, and philosophy, all knowledgable of phenomenological research. From the protocols, 146 significant statements about unkind behavior were organized into 38 formulating meanings which were then grouped into six clusters of themes. Patients' Perceived health professional' unkind behavior as being cold, insincere, unconcerned, disregardful, lacking in technical skill, and failing to provide a therapeutic environment. From the protocols, 65 significant statements about the influence of such behavior on patient care were organized into 18 formulating meanings which were then grouped into four clusters of themes. Patients perceived these unkind behavior influencing then emotionally, physically and having negative effects on their compliance with medical and nursing care. The study points to the need for health professionals to understand how their behavior may be perceived by their patients as unkind behavior. Patients perceptions of health professionals' unkind behavior may suggest the opposite desire, that professionals have exellent medical knowledge and skill and that they be sincere, concerned, respectful and warm emotionally toward their patients.

• 한국독어학회지:독어학
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• 제1집
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• pp.141-163
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• 1999

Im Rahmen der Prinzipien und Parametertheorie ist die $koh\"{a}rente$ Konstruktion umstritten in bezug auf die Frage, ob sie yon der satzwertigen, $inkoh\"{a}renten$ Konstruktion(i.e. Small Clause) herleitbar ist oder nicht. Die derivationellen Analysen wie Evakuierungsanalyse, Verbanhebungsanalyse und Reanalyse gehen von der Annahme aus, $da{\ss}\;die\;koh\"{a}rente$ Konstruktion eine von der $inkoh\"{a}renten$ Konstruktion derivierte Variation ist. Im Gegensatz dazu ist nach der Unifikationsanalyse die $koh\"{a}rente$ Konstruktion die basisgenerierte monosententiale Konstruktion. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird versucht, die empirische und theoretische $Unad\"{a}quatheit$ der derivationellen Analysen zu zeigen. Wenn die derivationellen Analysen korrekt $w\"{a}ren,\;mu{\ss}te$ auch nach der Derivaton beim langen Passiv das Akkusativkomplement der Infinitivkonstruktion ohne Kasuskonversion bleiben. Aber in der Tat wird der Nominativkasus dem Komplement der Infinitivkonstruktion zugewiesen. In der empirischen Gesichtspunkten steht das lange Passiv nicht im Einklang rnit den derivationellen Analysen. Ferner $mu{\ss}$ nach Chomskys $\"{O}konomieprinzip$ die Derivation obligatorisch sein. Aber die derivationellen Analysen, nach denen der grammatische Satz vom grammatischen Satz deriviert wird, ist nicht obligatorisch, sondern fakultativ. Sie sind theoretisch nicht $ad\"{a}quat$. In dieser Arbeit wird die Resultativkonstruktionen als weitere $koh\"{a}rente$ Konstruktion vorgeschlagen. Dabei wird die Evidenz gegen die Small Clause Struktur, die nach den derivationellen Analysen als $urspr\"{u}ngliche$ Struktur der koharenten Konstruktion angenommen wurde, zweierlei wie folgt gezeigt: Skopus und Idiomatisierung. Wenn die Resultativkonstruktionen als Small Clause analysiert werden, kann ein Adverb innerhalb des Small Clause auftreten, das den weiten Skopus $\"{u}ber$ den Gesamtsatz hat. Aber unter der Small Clause Analyse kann $tats\"{a}chlich$ das Adverb wegen der K-Kommandobedingung keinen weiten Skopus. D.h. das Adverb kann das finite Verb nicht k-kommandieren. Idiomatisierung bildet vor der Transformation im Lexikon eine syntaktische Einheit. In der Resultativkonstruktion, die das $inh\"{a}rente$ Reflexivum enthalt, $k\"{o}nnen\;das\;Resultativpr\"{a}dikat$ und das Verb wie ein reflexives Verb analysiert werden. Aber unter der Small Clause Analyse ist Idiomatisierung des $Resultativpr\"{a}dikats\;und\;Verbs\;nicht\;m\"{o}glich$, weil sie in der D-Struktur keine syntaktische Einheit bilden.

• 한국독어학회지:독어학
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• 제1집
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• pp.189-212
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• 1999

In diesem Aufsatz haben wir uns $zun\"{a}chst\;damit\;besch\"{a}ftigt$, unter welchen Bedingungen die Pronomina der dritten Person korrekt verwendet werden. Doch davor haben wir uns darauf einlassen, wann die Pronomina Restriktionen unterliegen. Die Situationen, in denen die betreffenden Pronomina sowohl grammatisch, als auch kommunikativ korrekt gebraucht werden, sind 1) Prasentation des Referenzobjekts durch den Sprecher, 2) $Auff\"{a}lligkeit$ des Referenzobjekts, 3) Gemeinsame Fokussierung der Kommunikationspartner auf Referenzobjekte, 4) Warten auf das Referenzobjekt und 5) Erinnerung an Referenzobjekte. In diesen Situationen werden verschiedene Faktoren, z.B. die Lage des Referenten im aktuellen Sprechsituation, fur den Pronominagebrauch mitgewirkt. Seit der Antike bilden die Pronomina einen Gegestand der linguistischen Untersuchung. Seitdem werden sie nach unterschiedlichen Aspekten betrachtet und beschrieben. Vor allem wird der Weg der Forschung zu den personalen, aber auch demonstrativen Pronomina durch zwei Begriffe, namlich Deixis und Anaphora, $ma{\ss}geblich$ bestimmt. Im Hinblick darauf haben wir die Frage diskutiert, ob das $Ph\"{a}nomen$ der Anaphora unter dem der Deixis bzw. der Textualdeixis subsumiert werden kann oder nicht. Man kann dafur $pl\"{a}dieren,\;da{\ss}$ Anaphora und Deixis kommunikativ verschiedene Phanomene darstellen $k\"{o}nnte$. Wir neigen allerdings dazu, $da\ss$ es eine semantische $Integrationsm\"{o}glichkeit$ der Anaphora in die(Textual)Deixis gibt. Nach dem Durchmustern verschiedener Verwendungsweisen und theoretischer Positionen haben wir uns mit der Semantik der Pronomina $befa{\ss}t$, die in der Pronominaforschung bisher weitgehend $vernachl\"{a}ssigt$ worde ist. Dabei stellte sich heraus, $da\ss$ die Beeutung des betreffenden Pronomen vor allem durch die Angabe der $Kommunikationssituationsabh\"{a}ngigkeit$ beschrieben werden kann. Damit wurde ein Versuch unternommen, die festgestellten verschiedenen Gebrauchsweisen semantisch zu systematisieren und somit auf eine einheitliche Semantik $zuruckzuf\"{u}hren$.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.933-937
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to develop a diagnostic screening tool for the early detection of osteoporosis in persons with a predisposition for this condition and to facilitate effective management of the disease. Data are collected using questionnaires. The subjects are 120 women in a small city OB-GY clinic in South Korea, who are 6 months or more post menopausal and who have been examined for BMD. Two items in general syndrome of kidney vacuity(Shin Hur) : hears noises like streaming water or the sound of shrill chirrups of a cicada (OR=3.34, p<0.1), feels twinges in the back and knee(OR=4.10, p<0.05), one item in kidney yin vacuity: feels thirst and gets sore throat(OR=8.5, p<0.01) were proven as statistically significant risk factors in the identification of osteoporosis (Odds Ratio). The predictability score was 86.36%, and ROC curve was 0.84. This study attempted to identify risk factors in female osteoporosis so as to develop a screening tool for the purposes of early diagnosis, the effective management of osteoporosis patients and to modify the progress of their disease. Further studies are needed to elaborate this tool's ability to identify contributing factors in osteoporosis as defined by diagnostic evidence predicted by Oriental Medicine Theory.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2004

The effect of eight varieties of grain and forage type whole crop rice (Oryza sativa L Japonica) each harvested at four stages of maturity were investigated for morphology and yield, proportion of botanical fractions, fermentatability and chemical composition in an $8{\times}4$ factorial experiment. All crops were sown in 1997 at Saitama Prefecture, Japan under identical condition and harvested on 10, 22, 34 and 45 days after flowering in 1998. Total DM yield of forage type varieties was similar to that of the highest yield of grain type varieties. However, while yield of forage type varieties was attributed to higher proportion of straw than head, the reverse was in the case of grain type varieties. Yield in line with the proportion of head increased (p<0.001), but in contrast proportion of straw decreased (p<0.001) with the increase in maturity. Silage fermentability of grain type varieties was better than forage type varieties. Fermentability improved with the increase (p<0.001) in maturity suggesting that the moisture content should be reduced to improve fermentation quality. Forage type varieties contained higher (p<0.001) ash, crude fat (EE), organic cell wall (OCW) and acid detergent fiber (ADF), but contained lower crude protein (CP), organic cell content (OCC), CP in OCC and nitrogen-free cell wall extract (NCWFE) than the grain type varieties. The ash, CP, EE, Oa (60% digestible OCW), Ob (40% digestible OCW), OCW, ADF and acid detergent lignin (ADL) decreased (p<0.001), but OCC and NCWFE increased (p<0.001) with the increase in maturity. It is concluded that stage of maturity not only increases yield and proportion of head, but also improved the fermentation quality and increases quality chemical composition (except CP) of whole crop rice. Forage type varieties may be as good as grain type varieties in terms of yield, but fermentation quality and chemical composition may not be as good as that of grain type varieties.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.83-96
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• 2010

Purpose: A survey was conducted by questionnaire to investigate outpatients' intake status of health food. Methods: The survey of visiting oriental OB&GY clinic in 4 hospitals of oriental medicine and 1 oriental medical clinic has found the status of health food intake. Results: 1. Total respondents were 339(Male: 54, Female: 264) and their average age was $41.4{\pm}11.8$. Outpatients of oriental medicine clinic were 113, outpatients of hospitals of oriental medicine were 226. 2. Among the respondents, 156(40%) persons were taking health food as of today and the proportion of health food intake by oriental medicine clinic's outpatients is higher than the proportion of outpatients of hospitals of oriental medicine. 3. There is no difference in educational background and income among the outpatients who visited the oriental medicine clinic or hospitals of oriental medicine. And the middle income group's health food intake ratio was the highest. 4. The survey showed that heath food intake ratio got higher as persons became old. 5. Among the health foods, the multi-vitamin was most frequently taken. And omega 3, Ginseng steamed red, Vitamin C, Glucosamine, Calcium m were also frequently taken. Conclusion: A study for health food intake status by clinic is indispensable to establish the standard for efficient intake of health food.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권spc1호
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• pp.220-223
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• 2005

최근 뽕잎과 더불어 기능성 및 천연색소 자원으로서 뽕나무의 열매인 오디가 새로운 작목으로 유망시 되고 있다. 농가의 소득향상은 물론 소비자의 관심과 수요에 부응하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 오디를 수확하여 신경세포 보호활성과 항균활성에 대한 오디 추출물의 효능을 평가함으로써 오디의 기능성 및 이용성을 증대시키고자 하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 신경독성 물질 $H_2O_2$처리에 의해 유도되는 신경세포사에 대하여 오디 추출물 $10{\mu}g/ml$의 농도 처리시 $37\%$의 세포보호 효과를 나타냈으며, Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)에 의하여 유발된 뇌허혈 모델에서는 오디 C3G의 경우 농도 의존형으로 세포괴사를 막았다. 특히 cyanidin의 경우는 $10{\mu}g/ml$의 농도에서 $70\%$이상의 뇌세포보호 효과를 나타냈다. 2. 오디 추출물과 C3G의 항균활성을 검정한 결과, 청일뽕 오디의 MeOH 추출물의 항균 활성이 가장 높았으나, Salmonella typhimurium 의 경우 모든 처리군에서 $70\%$ 이상의 억제 활성을 나타냈다. 모든 처리군에서 $50{\mu}l$농도보다 $100{\mu}l$농도에서 균주의 억제 활성이 높게 나타났다.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제32A권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1995

In the B-ISDN using satellite between geo-satellites and earth stations, the laser having high security and broad band width has to be used as a carrier for transmitting massive information of visual, vocal, and high rate data. In this paper, by computer simulation we analyzed the number of optical detector array of optical satellite communication downlink in case of using channel coding and no channel coding for BISDN between geo-satelites and earth stations under clear weather condition. It was supposed that 1 watt semiconductor laser was used and as modulation method, the binary FSK was used. The data rate of 10Gbps was used for B-ISDN. Also, hardly affected by atmospheric absorption 1.55$\mu$m wave-length was used to reduce influence of dispersion and chirp generated at a high speed transmission. We analyzed the received power, SNR and BER. The number of optical detector array was determined to satisfy for the BER less than 10$^{-7}$. Also, we ananlyzed the possibility of reducting the number of optical detector array in case of using channel coding. the number of optical detector array is one in the region where the elevation nangle is between 38$^{\circ}$ and 90$^{\circ}$ and two where the elevation angle is between 33$^{\circ}$ and 37$^{\circ}$ and three where the elevation angle is between 30$^{\circ}$ and 32$^{\circ}$ and increases per one as the elevation angle decreases per 1.deg.. So in the region where the elevation angle is 25$^{\circ}$, the number of optical detector arrays is eight. In case of using channel coding, the number of optical detector arrays decreases to five in the region where the elevation angle is 25$^{\circ}$. Therefore, we remaark the advantage of the channelcoding to decrease the size of received antenna and the number ob optical detector arrays.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.191-200
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a mother-fetus interaction promotion program aimed at enhancing the sensitivity of primiparas, and to evaluate the effects of a mother-infant play interaction. Method: Participants were recruited from OB-GY clinic with postpartum take-care center (17 mother-infant dyads for intervention group and 17 dyads for control group). Data were collected from January 18 to August 5, 2005. For the intervention group, programmed education which focused on mother-fetus interaction in the 3rd trimester was given. For the two groups, home visiting or a postpartum care center was used for data collection of the mother-infant interaction which was conducted at postpartum 1 week and 1 month. Also mother-infant interactions during feeding were videotaped and two trained observers analyzed the tapes. Results: A significant difference was found in mother-infant interaction between the two groups (postpartum 1 week, t=6.10, P=0.000, 1 month t=6.69, p=.000). For variations in mother-infant interaction in the control group, a significant difference was found in between postpartum 1 week and 1 month (t=-2.564, p=.021). In subscale analysis, interactional behavior of the infant significantly increased in both groups. Conclusion: This study showed that the mother-fetus interaction promotion program aimed at promoting mother-infant interaction increase maternal sensitivity. Therefore, this study suggests that this nursing intervention to increase maternal sensitivity to the fetus should be broadly applied with primiparas, as it can be beneficial for formation of the mother-infant relationship, and for promotion of the social, emotional, and cognitive developments of the children.