• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.2565-2571
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• 2016

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 730 participants from 4 rural districts of Nakhon Ratchasima province, Thailand, with a reported high incidence of liver fluke infection. This study was aimed to examine and evaluate the nutritional status in relation to Opisthorchis viverrini infection. Participants were purposive selected from Chum Phuang, Mueang Yang, Bua Yai, and Kaeng Sanam Nang districts. Stool samples were prepared by Kato Katz technique and then assessed by microscopy. Anthropometry was evaluated according to the body mass index from weight and height. Descriptive statistics and Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the association between the nutritional status and O. viverrini infection. Of 1.64% infected with O. viverrini the highest proportions were found in age groups ${\geq}61$ and 41-50 years old, Mueang Yang district. The majorities of participants had normal weight (32.2%), followed by class II obesity (28.1 %), class I obesity (21.8%), underweight (10.3%), and class III obesity (8.63%). Nutritional status with class II obesity (rS=0.639, p<0.01) and class I obesity (rS=0.582, p<0.05), had moderately statistical significant correlations with O. viverrini infection. Meanwhile, normal weight (rS=0.437, p<0.05) and class III obesity (rS=0.384, p<0.05) demonstrated lower statistical significance. These findings raise the possibility that infection with O. viverrini may contribute to fat deposition and thereby have long-term consequences on human health. Further studies are needed to better understand whether O. viverrini contributes directly to fat deposition and possible mechanisms.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.844-854
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• 2021

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) and few-shot learning (FSL) have shown impressive performance even then the volume of labeled data is very limited. However, SSL and FSL can encounter a significant performance degradation if the diversity gap between the labeled and unlabeled data is high. To reduce this diversity gap, we propose a novel scheme that relies on an autoencoder for generating pseudo examples. Specifically, the autoencoder is trained on a specific class using the available labeled data and the decoder of the trained autoencoder is then used to generate N samples of that specific class based on N random noise, sampled from a standard normal distribution. The above process is repeated for all the classes. Consequently, the generated data reduces the diversity gap and enhances the model performance. Extensive experiments on MNIST and FashionMNIST datasets for SSL and FSL verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of classification accuracy and robustness against adversarial attacks.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.139-145
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• 2006

We have made a comprehensive statistical study on the coronal mass ejections(CMEs) associated with helmet streamers. A total number of 3810 CMEs observed by SOHO/LASCO coronagraph from 1996 to 2000 have been visually inspected. By comparing their LASCO images and running difference images, we picked out streamer-associated CMEs, which are classified into two sub-groups: Class-A events whose morphological shape seen in the LASCO running difference image is quite similar to that of the pre-existing streamer, and Class-B events whose ejections occurred in a part of the streamer. The former type of CME may be caused by the destabilization of the helmet streamer and the latter type of CME may be related to the eruption of a filament underlying the helmet streamer or narrow CMEs such as streamer puffs. We have examined the distributions of CME speed and acceleration for both classes as well as the correlation between their speed and acceleration. The major results from these investigations are as follows. First, about a quarter of all CMEs are streamer-associated CMEs. Second, their mean speed is 413 km $s^{-1}$ for Class-A events and 371 km $s^{-1}$ for Class-B events. And the fraction of the streamer-associated CMEs decreases with speed. Third, the speed-acceleration diagrams show that there are no correlations between two quantities for both classes and the accelerations are nearly symmetric with respect to zero acceleration line. Fourth, their mean angular width are about $60^{\circ}$, which is similar to that of normal CMEs. Fifth, the fraction of streamer-associated CMEs during the solar minimum is a little larger than that during the solar maximum. Our results show that the kinematic characteristics of streamer-associated CMEs, especially Class-A events, are quite similar to those of quiescent filament-associated CMEs.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.248-257
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the learning achievement of students who has taken the play-based and activity-oriented programs in the class. These new science class programs and instrument to measure student learning achievement were developed for the "Constellation Favorite" lesson of 4th grade students and Those are verified by science education experts, teachers in serve. The subjects of this study consist of 121 students in four classes who were selected on the basis of midterm examination result before teaching treatment. They were divided into two categories with two classes per each category, one class for experimental group and the other class for control group. The experimental groups were given five classes including five play-based class programs. The control groups were given five conventional instruction-type classes. The students were given questionnaires to test their interest ratings. The results show about 17% increase of their learning achievement with (p<0.005) by independent sample T-test method and 40% increase of interest rating in play-based class sample compared to normal class sample. In conclusion, the play-based science class program is found to enhance the students' learning achievement and to interest the students more effectively.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.73-83
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• 2013

Among class quantitative tests for the credit rating systems, the credit rating tests for calibration are to test the class homogeneous differences between observed and predicted probabilities. For one time period, binomial test and chi-square test are included, and normal test and extended traffic lights test are also contained for several time peroids. In this work, we consider real data in which there exists correlation among variables, so that these test methods could be applied to the credit rating systems as well as various kinds of the class data such as BWT data and FSI data.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.305-313
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• 2011

Due to the expansion of high-speed Internet access, the need for secure and reliable networks has become more critical. The sophistication of network attacks, as well as their severity, has also increased recently. As such, more and more organizations are becoming vulnerable to attack. The aim of this research is to classify network attacks using neural networks (NN), which leads to a higher detection rate and a lower false alarm rate in a shorter time. This paper focuses on two classification types: a single class (normal, or attack), and a multi class (normal, DoS, PRB, R2L, U2R), where the category of attack is also detected by the NN. Extensive analysis is conducted in order to assess the translation of symbolic data, partitioning of the training data and the complexity of the architecture. This paper investigates two engines; the first engine is the back-propagation neural network intrusion detection system (BPNNIDS) and the second engine is the radial basis function neural network intrusion detection system (BPNNIDS). The two engines proposed in this paper are tested against traditional and other machine learning algorithms using a common dataset: the DARPA 98 KDD99 benchmark dataset from International Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining Tools. BPNNIDS shows a superior response compared to the other techniques reported in literature especially in terms of response time, detection rate and false positive rate.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.1171-1180
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• 2014

We considered saddlepoint approximations to VaR (value at risk) and ES (expected shortfall) which frequently encountered in finance and insurance as the measures of risk management. In this paper we supposed univariate and multivariate skew-normal distributions, instead of traditional normal class distributions, as underlying distribution of linear portfolios. Simulation results are provided and showed the suggested saddlepoint approximations are very accurate than normal approximations.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.255-260
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• 1990

Seventeen different herbicides were screened to select promising ones for the control of weeds, which may be used in paddy fields transplanted with 8 days old young rice seedlings. Four classes of herbicides were chosen and tested with seedlings grown under different cultivating conditions. Contact herbicides such as diphenyl-ether and oxadiazol showed severe growth retardation of rice seedlings. Carbamate class(dimepiperate), quinoline class (quinclorac), pyrazol class(pyrazolate), acid amide class(mefenacet and pretilachlor), addition of safener (pretilachlor+fenclorim and mefenacet+bensulfuron+dymuron) and unknown class (KC-7079) exhibited normal growth of seedlings. Sulfonyl urea herbicide class(cimosulfuron, bensulfuron, pyrazosulfuron), and oxarane class(tridiphane) showed the slight growth inhibition but recovered shortly.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.231-244
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• 2013

We introduce the concept of interval-valued fuzzy congruences on a semigroup S and we obtain some important results: First, for any interval-valued fuzzy congruence $R_e$ on a group G, the interval-valued congruence class Re is an interval-valued fuzzy normal subgroup of G. Second, for any interval-valued fuzzy congruence R on a groupoid S, we show that a binary operation * an S=R is well-defined and also we obtain some results related to additional conditions for S. Also we improve that for any two interval-valued fuzzy congruences R and Q on a semigroup S such that $R{\subset}Q$, there exists a unique semigroup homomorphism g : S/R${\rightarrow}$S/G.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.28 no.1_2
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• pp.163-173
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• 2010

We consider the system $$\{{{-{\Delta}_pu\;=\;{\lambda}f(\upsilon),\;\;\;x\;{\in}\;{\Omega}, \atop -{\Delta}_q{\upsilon}\;=\;{\mu}g(u),\;\;\;x\;{\in}\;{\Omega},} \atop u\;=\;\upsilon\;=\;0,\;\;\;x\;{\in}\;{\partial\Omega},}$$ where ${\Delta}_pu\;=\;div(|{\nabla}_u|^{p-2}{\nabla}_u)$, ${\Delta}_{q{\upsilon}}\;=\;div(|{\nabla}_{\upsilon}|^{q-2}{\nabla}_{\upsilon})$, p, $q\;{\geq}\;2$, $\Omega$ is a ball in $\mathbf{R}^N$ with a smooth boundary $\partial\Omega$, $N\;{\geq}\;1$, $\lambda$, $\mu$ are positive parameters, and f, g are smooth functions that are negative at the origin and f(x) ~ $x^m$ g(x) ~ $x^n$ for x large for some m, $n\;{\geq}\;0$ with mn < (p - 1)(q - 1). We establish the existence and uniqueness of positive radial solutions when the parameters $\lambda$ and $\mu$ are large.