• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2012

This study suggested the planting model of Zelkova serrata communities in the areas with the warmth index of both 80~100 and $100{\sim}120^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$. Warmth index was calculated with 449 weather points using inverse distance weighted interpolation method. The planting species were selected by correlation analysis between Z. serrata and each species of four or more frequency among the 36 relev$\acute{e}$ surveyed for this study. The result of this study is summarized as follows : Warmth index of Z. serrata communities was among $74{\sim}118^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$. Results of the correlation analysis between Z. serrata and each species observed that the Z. serrata belongs to the tree layer with warmth index of 80~100 and $100{\sim}120^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$. On the other hand, the species of Carpinus laxiflora, Quercus serrata, Prunus sargentii and Platycarya strobilacea appeared only in the tree layer with warmth index of $80{\sim}100^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$. Z. serrata and Styrax japonica appeared in the subtree layer with the warmth index of 80~100 and $100{\sim}120^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$, while Acer pseudosieboldianum, Lindera erythrocarpa, Acer mono, Quercus serrata, etc. appeared in the subtree layer with the warmth index of $80{\sim}100^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$. Z. serrata, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Lindera obtusiloba, Callicarpa japonica and Zanthoxylum schinifolium all appeared in the shrub layer with the warmth index of 80~100 and $100{\sim}120^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$. Lindera erythrocarpa, Orixa japonica, Staphylea bumalda, Akebia quinata and Sorbus alnifolia appeared in the shrub layer with the warmth index of $80{\sim}100^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$ and Styrax japonica and Stephanandra incisa appeared in the shrub layer with the warmth index of $100{\sim}120^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$, The numbers of each species planted in a $100m^2$ area of the Z. serrata community were suggested as follows : five in tree layer, five in subtree layer and nine in shrub layer. The average area of canopy are suggested to be about $86m^2$ for tree layer, $34m^2$ for subtree layer and $34m^2$ for shrub layer.

• 한국품질경영학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국품질경영학회 1998년도 The 12th Asia Quality Management Symposium* Total Quality Management for Restoring Competitiveness
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• pp.594-609
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• 1998

In this dissertation, a new process capability index $C_{psk}$ is introduced for non-normal process. The Pearson curve and the Johnson curve are selected for capability index calculation and data modeling the normal-based index $C_{psk}$ is used as the model for non-normal process. A significant result of this research find that the ranking of the seven indices, $C_p,\;C_{pk},\;C_{pm},\;C^{\ast}_{pm},\;C_{pmk},\;C_s,\;C_{psk}$ in terms of sensitivity to departure of the process median from the target value T=M from the most sensitive one up to the least sensitive are $C_{psk},\;C_{s},\;C_{pmk},\;C^{\ast}_{pm},\;C_{pm},\;C_{pk},\;C_p$. i.e, By the criteria adopted for evaluation of PCI's $C_{psk}$ is the most sensitive to the departure of the process median from target and $C_p$ is least

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제101권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2012

이 연구는 기후변화를 고려한 낙엽송의 생장모형을 추정한 후 이에 따른 영향을 분석하는 데 있다. 이를 위해 종속변수는 지위지수, 독립변수는 입지, 기상, 토양인자를 설정하였으며, WLS 모형을 이용하여 잣나무의 생장모형을 추정하였다. 이를 토대로 한반도에 적용된 IPCC의 A1B 기후변화 시나리오 따라 $-3.3^{\circ}C$에서 $+3.3^{\circ}C$까지 시뮬레이션한 결과, $-0.8^{\circ}C$를 정점으로 지위지수는 감소하는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 각 시나리오에 따른 지역별 낙엽송 지위지수의 변화를 분석한 결과, 각 시나리오별 낙엽송의 지위지수는 전반적으로 감소하였으나 일부지역에서는 낙엽송의 지위지수가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 기온이 $3^{\circ}C$ 상승했을 때, 지위지수가 증가한 지역 또한 상대적으로 감소하는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.157-170
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• 2002

공시란을 15, 20, 25 및 $30^{\circ}C$ 에서 산란 당일(0일), 2, 4, 6, 8 및 10일간의 6단계로 각각 저장하면서 5단계의 농후난백 의 높이 측정 부위별 난황과 난백의 부착부분(0 mm), 난황으로부터 3, 6, 9 및 12 mm 떨어진 부분에서 측정에 따른 난질변화를 조사하였다. 난질은 각각의 측정부위에서 구한 농후난백의 높이로서 구한 Albumen index와 Haugh unit는 다음과 같다. 공시란의 저장온도별 난백계수는 농후난백층의 측정부위에 따라 상이하였으며(P<0.01), 이것은 난백계수 측정시 동일한 난질이라도 측정 부위에 따라 계수 자체가 아주 상이하게 나타날 수 있다는 사실을 암시한 사실이다. 우리나라에서도 난질 측정시 필수적인 농후난백의 높이 측정부위를 확정하여 통일되게 고시하는 것이 시급하다고 사료된다. 산란 3시간 후에 측정한 공시란에도 Albumen index의 신선란 기준인 0.16인 난질은 없었다. 이 사실은 우리나라 계란 유통과정 시 현실적인 점을 고려하여 0.16보다 낮은 0.06의 기준을 설정할 필요가 있다는 점을 암시한 결과로 사료되었다. 본 시험에서 측정한 난백계수의 기준을 0.06로 정하고 이것을 100%으로 기준했을 때, $15^{\circ}C$ 에서 공시란을 저장하면 저장 6일까지 100%이상, $20^{\circ}C$ 에서 공시란을 저장하면 저장 4일까지 100% 이상, 25~$30^{\circ}C$ 에서 공시란을 저장하면 저장 2일전까지 100% 이상 난질을 각각 유지하였다. 본 시험에서 측정한 Haugh unit 의 신선란 기준인 79를 100%으로 기준했을 때, 15$^{\circ}C$에서 공시란을 저장하면 저장 4일까지 100%이상, $20^{\circ}C$ 에서 공시란을 저장하면 저장 2일까지 100%이상, 25~$30^{\circ}C$ 에서 공시란을 저장하면 저장 2일전까지 100% 이상의 난질을 각각 유지하였다. 본 시험에서 측정한 Hauah unit의 신선란 기준을 55를 100%로 정했을 때, $15^{\circ}C$ 에서 공시란을 저장하면 저장 10일까지 100%, $20^{\circ}C$ 에서 공시란을 저장하면 저장 8일까지 100%, 25~$30^{\circ}C$ 에서 공시란을 저장하면 저장 2일까지 100% 이상의 난질을 각각 유지하였다. 본 시험의 결과 난황과 농후난백의 부착부분에서 측정한 농후난백의 높이로 난질을 계산하는 것이 우리나라의 계란 유통과정을 고려했을 때 가장 합리적이고도 적합하다고 사료되었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.1362-1371
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to examine the effect of an obesity management program on the body weight, body-mass index, and physiological index of obese female high school students. Method: Students from one school were selected as the experimental group, and students from another school as a control group so the latter group wasn't exposed to the experiment. The experimental group and the control group were each organized with 20 students. The experimental group received 60 minutes of behavior modification once a week, for eight weeks. Result: The Body weight, and Body mass-Index of the experimental group significantly decreased after the obesity management program. Total-cholesterol, T-G, and LDL-C significantly decreased and HDL-C increased in the experimental group. Total-cholesterol, T-G, LDL-C and HDL-C between the experimental group and control group showed significant differences. Conclusion: These results indicate that the obesity management program had a great effect on decreasing the body weight and body-mass index of the female obese high school students, normalizing their physiological index. In conclusion, this program turned out to be one of the safest and most effective obesity-management methods that could be applied to female high school students.

• 폴리머
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.545-550
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• 2004

광조사에 의하여 발색단 분해를 유도함으로써 고분자의 굴절률을 변화시켜 공중합체 박막의 굴절률을 조절하고, FTIR과 UV/Vis 분광 실험으로 굴절률에 영향을 미치는 구조의 변화를 조사하였다. 광표백에 따라 공중합체 박막의 굴절률이 작아지는 것은 광반응에 의하여 발색단 내 C=C 이중결합이 끊어져 고분자의 편극률이 작아지기 때문이다. 입사되는 빛의 전기장 방향에 의존하는 선택적인 광반응에 의하여 필름 면에 평행한 방향으로 존재하는 발색단이 먼저 분해가 되면서 고분자 필름 면에 평행한 방향의 굴절률이 수직한 방향에서 보다 더 급격하게 감소하였다. 이와 같은 고분자 박막 내의 굴절률 차이를 편광 ATR-FTIR 실험에서 얻어지는 고분자 특성 피크의 변화를 조사하여 증명하였다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.77-88
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• 1999

A new measure of the process capability index(PCI) $\textit{C}_{cpk}$ is proposed that takes into account the proximity to the target value as well as process mean and process variation when we assessing process performance. using the semivariance estimators proposed by Choobineh and Branting (1986) and Josephy and Aczel (1993) the estimator($\textit{C}_{cpk}$) of new index has been solved and the properties of these estimators have been examined through simulations. Also we compare the performance between $\textit{C}_{cpk}$ and $\textit{C}_{jpk}$ which is developed by Johnson kotz and Pearn(1992).

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2017

Process quality control, which prevents problems and risks that may occur in products and processes, has been recognized as an important issue, and SPC techniques have been used for this purpose. Process Capability Index (PCI) is useful Statistical Process Control (SPC) tool that is measure of process diagnostic and assessment tools widely use in industrial field. It has advantage of easy to calculate and easy to use in the field. $C_p$ and $C_{pk}$ are traditional PCIs. These traditional $C_p$ and $C_{pk}$ were used only as a measure of process capability, taking into account the quality variance or the bias of the process mean. These are not given information about the characteristic value does not match the target value of the process and this has the disadvantage that it is difficult to assess the economic losses that may arise in the enterprise. Studies of this process capability index by many scholars actively for supplement of its disadvantage. These studies to evaluate the capability of situation of various field has presented a new process capability index. $C_{pm}$ is considers both the process variation and the process deviation from target value. And $C_{pm}{^+}$ is considers economic loss for the process deviation from target value. In this paper we developed an improved Expected Loss Capability Index using Reflected Normal Loss Function of Spring. This has the advantage that it is easy to realistically reflect the loss when the specification is asymmetric around the target value. And check the correlation between existing traditional process capability index ($C_{pk}$) and new one. Finally, we propose the criteria for classification about developed process capability index.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.552-556
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• 1995

The rheological properties of Korean white gruel at various concentrations (4-7%) and temperatures (30-60$^{\circ}C$) were investigated. The rheological behavior of Korean white gruel was evaluated by Herschel-Bulkley equation and showed typical Bingham psedoplastic behavior with yield stress. Flow behavior index was increased at over 5％ of rice content. Consistency index was increased by the increase of concentration of rice. But, measuring temperature was not effected in the flow behavior index and consistency index. Yield stress was increased by the incerase of concentration of rice and the decrease of measuring temperature. The activation energy of flow of Korean gruel increased from 7.646 to 32.949${\times}$10/Sup 6/ J/Kg$.$ mole by increasing concentration from 4％ to 7％. As the temperature increased from 30$^{\circ}C$ to 60$^{\circ}C$, B-value decresed from 1.214 to 0.947 Flow behavior index and consistency index was reduced during storage.

• 한국품질경영학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국품질경영학회 1998년도 The 12th Asia Quality Management Symposium* Total Quality Management for Restoring Competitiveness
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• pp.309-315
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• 1998

Process Capability can be expressed with a process index which indicates the incapability of a process to meet its specifications. This index is regarded as a process capability index(PCI) or more precisely as a process incapability index(PII). It is obtained from a simple transformation of a PCI. Greenwich and Jahr-Schaffrath(1995) considered the PII $C_{pp}$ which could be obtained from the transformation to the PCI, $C_{pm}$, and they provided the asymptotic distribution for $C_{pp}$ which was useful unless the process characteristic was normally distributed. However, some statistical inferences based on the asymptotic distribution need a large sample size. There are some processes which process engineers could not help obtaining sufficiently a large sample size. Thus, we have derived its corresponding bootstrap asymptotic distribution since bootstrapping would be a helpful technique for the PII, $C_{pp}$ which was nonparametric or free from assumptions of the distribution of the characteristic X. Moreover, we have constructed six bootstrap confidence intervals used in reducing bias of estimations based on the bootstrap asymptotic distribution and simulated their performances for $C_{pp}$,