• Journal of Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.655-668
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• 2018

This paper analyzes the applicability and technology level of the green building element technology by analyzing the scorecard of the LEED Canada certified buildings. The results of this analysis will be able to evaluate the current status and level of application of green building element technology, and it will be used as a basic data to prepare for the revision of the certification standards and the establishment of strategies for the future green building activation. In this study, 1,010 LEED Canada certified buildings from 2011 to 2016 were analyzed. The results were analyzed by focusing on the status of greening by certification category and the characteristics of adoption by sub-category. The results of the study are summarized as follows. (1) EA category showed the biggest difference between the certification scores and the adoption rates than other categories, and it was confirmed that it is not easy category from the viewpoint of practical adoption. On the other hand, the ID (Innovation & Design Process) and WE were analyzed to be relatively easy to apply, with a score of over 72%. (2) In the case of Platinum class, the upper adoption rate is shown in all categories except MR. The Gold class shows the adoption rate of WE and ID in the top, and the middle rate in most categories. Silver grades showed lower rates in the three categories except WE, ID and EQ. Certified grades showed the adoption rates of the bottom except the two categories.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2018

Green roof in Korea has been recognized as part of landscape area and local governments enacted municipal ordinance for supporting green roof thereby assisting part of expenses spent for green roof within a range of budget for buildings which are eligible for the green roof support of existing buildings. However, it is necessary to enforce a regulation of mandatory green roof for new buildings in order to expand green roof application and provide a variety of assistances such as subsidy payment, tax relief, and mitigation of floor area ratio-related regulation as done in other advanced nations. In particular, LEED(Leadership in Environmental and Energy Design) in the USA applies additional point directly for green roof in terms of the reduction in heat island effects. For example, the following items are beneficial to have additional points: habitat preservation or restoration, external space, rainwater management, reduction in outdoor water usage, minimum energy performance, and optimum energy performance. In addition, the BREEAM(Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method) in the UK specifies green roof as one of assessment items to be complied in terms of diversity of species. As such, LEED and BREEAM reflect direct and indirect effects of green roof on assessment criteria, which suggest a direction to green building certification criteria in Korea where only additional points are given for green roof according to soil depth.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2007

We have analyzed the atomic structure of O/Fe(100) and interface atomic structure of MgO deposited on Fe(100) surface using LEED I/V curve analysis. As the O adsorption on the Fe(100) surface, the first substrate interlayer distance is expanded by up to 16%. For 1ML MgO deposited on Fe(100) surface, the oxygen ions of MgO are located on-top of the Fe atoms, the interlayer distance at the MgO/Fe interface are expanded. From the AIA(average intensity mixing approximation) calculation, we find the interface structure of monolayer MgO on Fe(100) system has the two interface structure with MgO/FeO/Fe(100) and MgO/Fe(100). This supports the results of EELS experiment that shown existence of stretched FeO layer and coexistance of MgO/FeO/Fe(100) and MgO/Fe(100) structure.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.360-366
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• 2006

We have performed density functional theory calculations for the surface structure of O/Pd(100)-p($2{\times}2$), formed by the adsorption of oxygen atoms of 0.25 ML. The oxygen atoms adsorb preferentially at the fourfold hollow site, and the calculated O-Pd bond length is $2,15{\AA}$, The first interlayer spacing ($d_{12}$) of Pd(100) expands by +0.8% due to the oxygen adsorption, which differs from the experimental value of +3.6% reported by a previous LEED study. Assuming that the LEED sample was possibly contaminated by hydrogen atoms, we also examined the effect of hydrogen impurities on the surface structure. Hydrogen atoms adsorbed on O/Pd(100)-p($2{\times}2$) are found to result in large expansions of $d_{12}$ of Pd(100). Our analysis estimates the amount of hydrogen atoms remaining on the LEED sample as -0.3 ML.

• The International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.87-94
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• 2018

Different countries create their own green building rating system to be in line with sustainable development as a response to the urgent call for solution for Climate Change and degradation of the environment due to rapid population growth and economic development. This study conducts a critical review on the Philippine national voluntary green building rating system, BERDE, in comparison with South Korea's national voluntary green building rating system, G-SEED and U.S. rating system LEED. Their categories, building types assessed, and assessment methods were compared side by side to seek better practice(s) for green building rating assessment for Philippine green building projects.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.2199-2202
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• 2011

The electronic properties of altretamine(2,4,6-tris [dimethylamino]-1,3,5-triazine) adsorbed on epitaxial graphene (EG) were investigated by core-level photoemission spectroscopy (CLPES) in conjunction with low energy electron diffraction (LEED). We found that altretamine molecule adsorbed onto interface layer (S1) of graphene as we confirm decrement of S1 peak using CLPES and haziness of LEED pattern. Moreover, the measured work function changes verified that increased adsorption of the altretamine on graphene layer showed n-type doping characteristics due to charge transfer from altretamine to graphene through the nitrogens. Two distinct nitrogen bonding feature associated with the N 1s peak was clearly observed in the core-level spectra indicating two different chemical environments.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.393-412
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• 2021

This study examines the assessment systems of LEED v4.1, an eco-friendly building evaluation system in the United States, and SITE v2, an assessment system for sustainable outdoor spaces, and then compares and examines them from the perspective ofrelevant laws and institutional guidelines and standards in Korea. The conclusion is as follows. First, the US eco-friendly certification system basically not only establishes an independent evaluation system according to the field of expertise, but also provides a sustainable city and community through response to the climate crisis and the comfort of the external space environment. It can be evaluated that securing the quality of life of healthy and happy city dwellers is the top priority. Second, Korea's Green Building Certification System (G-LEED) was basically based on the American LEED system, but it was judged that there was a fundamental difference. It was judged that there is a limitation in not being able to achieve an integrated approach through the participation of various expert groups and stakeholders, but also in the accumulation of more scientific and reliable data and information through the application of cutting-edge information and communication equipment. Third, in the case of external space in Korea, a sustainable assessment system has not been established, and not only is it dispersed in various legal and institutional guidelines, but also its effectiveness is judged to be very low. Therefore, it is judged that it is urgent to introduce and secure the applicability of SITES v2, a sustainable outdoor space assessment system in the United States. It was judged that the effectiveness should be secured through the upward adjustment of the minimum Ecological Area Ratio.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.150-155
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• 1995

Mo 단결정 표면에 황을 흡착시켜 형성된 상층구조를 AES와 LEED로써 연구하였다. 황의 피복률은 sulfur gun으로부터 생성되는 S2 flux로써 조절하였으며, 여러 가지 흡착된 황의 상층구조를 LEED로써 관찰하였다. 황화된 Mo 표면에서 탈산소반응(HDO)의 모델 분자로서, Furan의 흡착과 반응을 승온반응분광법(TPRS)으로 조사하였다. 낮은 온도에서 Furan 분자의 헤테로 원자는 직접 이탈하여 안정한 기체상의 반응 생성물인 일산화탄소를 형성하였으며, 이 반응은 Mo의 (100) 및 (110)면에서 각각 깨끗한 표면 및 황화된 표면에 관계없이 일어났다. 이를 바탕으로 Mo 표면에서 Furan의 분해반응에 대한 메카니즘을 제안하였다.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.170-177
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• 2011

Recently, there has been increasing concern for green growth and environment-friendly construction work is being revitalized; hereupon this study is going to understand the present situation of environment -friendly features of the apartment house through the case study of environment-friendly apartment house in and outside the country, and to suggest the developmental direction of the domestic apartment house. First, this study is to look into respective environment-friendly factors by considering the theoretical background of environment-friendliness and certification of environment-friendly structures, and analyzing the cases of apartment house in and outside the country. This study selected as the survey target the apartment buildings located at 5 places which were completed after 2003 and obtained the domestic 'Green Building Certification Criteria'[hereinafter, GBCC] in metropolitan areas in domestic cases and the survey target to the apartment building at 5 places which were completed after 2003 and obtained the US 'Leadership in Energy and Environment Design' [hereinafter, LEED] in overseas cases. For comparative analysis of each case, this study evaluated each case twice using GBCC and LEED to be more objective in evaluation. As a result, it was found that domestic cases focused on nature-friendly landscaping and the use of the certified products while overseas cases focused on minimizing the environmental impact such as raising the energy reduction ratio and reducing water resources and consumption of resources. Accordingly, there seems to be a need for practical energy-reduction & resources-saving scheme in order for domestic environment-friendly apartment buildings to reach the level of the LEED certification.

• Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-25
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• 2009