• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the 'Sant'Elia Nursery School' constructed in 1937 at Como, Italy. Giuseppe Terragni(1904-1943) is, as it well known, one of the representative architects in the period of Italian rationalism architecture. In particular, his 'Casa del Fascio(1928~1936)' is evaluated as a representative work of this period. The research is based on the original drawings and letters, mostly produced by G. Terragni himself. Through the analyze on the design process, the research tries to reveal Terragni's design method and strategy, especially in the educational facility project. There are at least four deferent phases in the Terragni's design process; in each phase, there are fundamental changes such as a structural grid system, relationships between skin and columns or spatial sequences. Establishment of a new guideline on the educational facility in 1925 is also an another important issue. There was a political need, during the period of Mussolini's regime, to find a model of educational facilities. So, this project reflects not only the Terragni's design process but also the good example of educational facility in the early Twenty Century in Europe.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to analyze the 'Brera Academy', worked between 1935-1940 at Milano in Italy. Giuseppe Terragni(1904-1943) is, as it is well known, one of the representative architects in the period of Italian rationalism architecture. In particular, his 'Casa del Fascio(1928~1936)' is evaluated as a representative work of this period. The research is based on original drawings and letters, mostly produced by G. Terragni or relative person and office of this work. Through analyze on the design process, the research tries to reveal Italian rationalist's design method and strategy, especially in the educational facility project. There are at least three deferent phases in the design process; in each phase, there are fundamental changes such as a structural system, relationships between the traditional garden and new building or spatial sequences. So, this study attempts to clarify the design methodology and strategy of the Italian rationalist in the design of educational facilities through analysis of the design process of Brera Academy.

• 도시과학
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2017

Giuseppe Terragni was one of the founding member and a leading Italian Rationalist pursued a new and more rational synthesis between the nationalistic values of Italian Classicism and structural logic of the machine age. Casa Giuliani Frigerio, a four-story apartment housing in Como, is one of his last major work and is worth to investigate the composition of facades in terms of ambiguity. Unlike the Casa del Fascio, it is never possible to read an priori whole and to allow static and unified readings in a traditional alignment. Due to its misalignments found within the facades of Casa Giuliani Frigerio, it is evident to present unstable and disjunctive readings. These distinctive facades are read as layers applied onto some equally unstable underlying layer and form an ensemble of unexpected unity.

• Architectural research
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to reconsider and revaluate Ste. Genevieve Library designed by Henri Labrouste as a criticism of Classicism. Considered as the epitome of the early structural Rationalism the modern historian tried to focus only on the iron structure of the library. Arguably, the structural concern was one of the ideas that the architect wanted to manifest in the library. As a rebel against a view of the Acad$\acute{e}$mie des Beaux-Art the notions of H. Labrouste were radical. He criticized an autistic Classicism with an echoing Claude Perrault's doubt about the myth of classical beauty. These radical ideas firstly showed in his report of the Grand Prix de Rome and must have been developed through several discussions for a novel: Notre-Dame de Paris by V. Hugo. 'Ceci tuera cela', one of the chapter of the novel, was generally known as the death of architecture due to the invention of the printing press around Renaissance period. We, however, consider that even though the historical background of the novel is the Gothic period the ideas, which was discussed with Labrouste, related to the death of architecture was not the architecture itself but classical architecture recomposed during Renaissance period. As the first design work the library must be reflected his ideas, which were developed, and manifested his criticism of the Classicism indirectly.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.14-23
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• 2006

As a proto-modernist work the Amsterdam Exchange has been regarded as a specimen of Structural Rationalist's architecture. Because of its ma]or steel structure, use of geometry, and reminiscence of Gothic the designer of the building was labeled by Kenneth Frampton as one of the apostles of Viollet le Duc. The architect was Hendrick Petrus Berlage. Contrary to above Nicolaus Pevsner claimed that Berlage's architectural discourse was 'Anti-Rational' because of its anachronistic formal language, Expressionism. In terms of structure Berlage's idea is rational, whilst formally 'Anti-Rational'. These polarised view points were due to the legacies of Modern Architecture that was controled by hegemonic figures in terms not only of practical field but of historiography. The hegemonic figures wanted to see Berlage as what they wanted to see. With this idea, this paper is one of endeavours to collect fragmented history in the early modern architecture. The Amsterdam Exchange has a long term story until the opening. Without understanding the story we have to withhold an evaluation of Berlage's architecture.

• 복식
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• 제60권6호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

The cultures and traditions of Asia has the roots so deep and it is the origin of inspiration. Therefore, it is easy to find a different inspiration when designing, expecially for Western designers who are seeking European tradition and its comparison. The most distinctive feature of the Asian look is non-structural and has no clear form close to the structure of the body or mathematical ratio, but is steric with 2-Dimensional planed textiles, and has a flexible, non-structural formative characteristic related to the movable body. This is base on the vision of the universe that regards the parts as the whole. From this research, generally studying about the Asian look and its non-structural formative characteristics. The study looked closely into the aesthetic value of non-structural formative characteristics formation, with basis on the large dress regulation system of the western reasoning and rationalism and mechanism. At first, my study pointed on the dressing functionalism or Neo-classism considering emotions, Anti-Western aspect observing surrealism dressing and expressionism dressing. Second, with men and women showing similar outer shape without the equivalent element such from wearing a corset, the sexism is abolished. Finally, the designers’ inner intention of art is being delivered, from the aspect that the expression of art, size and no waste of fabric shows effort of communicating with the world, giving value to the possibility of continuance.

• 기독교교육논총
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• 제64권
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• pp.145-171
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• 2020

오래 전부터 기독교 신앙공동체는 교회의 윤리적 규범과 행동양식을 성찰 대상으로 삼은 채 어떤 형태의 도덕 판단이 적절하고, 올바른 기독교적 행동양식이 무엇인지 규명하려고 노력해왔다. 기독교교육 역시 피아제와 콜벅의 심리적 합리주의에서 근거를 찾으려고 했으나 이성 중심의 구조발달주의는 해답을 제시하지 못했다. 실제로 도덕 판단 과정에서 정서를 배제한 채 인지 또는 이성을 과도하게 강조하는 한편, 무엇보다 자율성을 중시했던 구조발달주의는 기대했던 것과 달리 도덕적 상대주의를 초래하고 말았다. 뿐만 아니라 인간의 도덕 추론과 행위 사이의 간극을 적절하게 해명하지 못했을 뿐더러 도덕성을 사회문화적 맥락에서 과도하게 해석하려고 했다는 비판을 받았다. 이런 구조발달주의의 한계는 도덕 판단 능력이 뇌에 물리적으로 배선되어 있고, 피질과 번연계 간의 네트워크를 상당 부분 의지하고 있다고 주장하는 신경윤리, 특히 도덕 심리 이론에 의해 최근에 재해석되고 있다. 이 논문은 새롭게 등장한 신경윤리의 연구주제 가운데 일부를 검토하고 나서 도덕성을 신경과학적으로 설명하는 주요 이론을 중심으로 기독교교육학이 향후 고려해야 할 시사점을 거론하는 것을 목적으로 삼고 있다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.23-36
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• 2006

Since he was a leading figure in nineteenth century architecture, Viollet-le-Duc's architectural theory is crucial to the foundation of modern architecture. He has been called a Gothic Revivalist, a Structural Rationalist and a Positivist. The first title was perhaps due to his vigorous restoration of Gothic works such as $N\hat{o}tre$ Dame, but he did not adore the Gothic style just for itself. Rather, he hoped to deduce some principles from the style. So how did he manage this? In his book "Entretiens sur l'Architecture (Lectures on Architecture), published between 1864 and 1872, he mentions using Descartes' four rules for reaching architectural certainty in contrast with the chaotic situation during that modernising period. Furthermore Viollet-le-Duc's theory can be seen as a serious attempt to translates Descartes' philosophical rules into systems of architectural speculation. Descartes' four rules of doubt are anchored in mathematical propositions, and without mathematical distinctions, none of these rules are valid. In other word, mathematics for Viollet is the yardstick of judgement between distinctness and indistinctness. Many architectural problems arise from this view. In this paper, the validities of applying Descartes' method of doubt to architectural discourse will be discussed in order to address the question:-Did Viollet-le-Duc clearly grasp Cartesian method by which memory was erased from the world?

• 대중서사연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.9-40
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• 2019

본고는 1990년대 한국영화를 장르의 변전과 감성의 재편이라는 차원에서 고찰한 것이다. 1990년대는 영화산업구조와 미디어 환경의 획기적 변화에 따라 장르의 변전과 재편이 일어나며 한국영화사의 패러다임이 바뀌는 시기다. 본고에서는 이러한 전환이 1987년 민주화와 1998년 IMF로 상징되는 세계자본주의화에 의한 감성의 변화와 연관된다고 보고 영화 텍스트에 나타난 현상을 분석하며 그 이면의 계기와 맥락을 밝혀보고자 했다. 이 연구가 기존의 논의와 다르게 1990년대 한국영화사에 접근한 지점은 다음 세 가지다. 첫째, 1990년대에 왜 하필이면 로맨틱코미디 장르가 부상했는지, 로맨틱코미디는 어떤 단계를 거쳐 성립된 것인지에 대해서는 아직 심도 있는 논의가 이루어지지 못하였으므로 우선적으로 이 부분에 착목했다. 둘째, 1987년부터 1999년까지를 전환기로 보고 이 시기에 나타난 장르와 감성의 주류를 읽어내기 위해 최고 흥행작들을 분석 대상으로 삼았다. 그러한 영화들은 장르 판도와 대중의 취향을 상징적으로 보여주는 텍스트이기 때문이다. 셋째, 멜로드라마와 로맨틱코미디에 대한 분리된 고찰에서 벗어나 두 장르를 아우르는 감성구조를 살펴 봄으로써 1990년대 한국영화에 보다 거시적이고 역동적으로 접근하고자 했다. 역사는 면면한 흐름으로 이어지는 것인 만큼 그것은 이전 시대와의 단절이 아니므로 연속선상에서 변곡점과 계기에 유의할 때 변화의 역학과 구조가 적시될 수 있기 때문이다. 이러한 접근을 통해 도출된 결론은 다음과 같다. 1980년대까지 한국 영화의 주류 장르는 멜로드라마였고, 이는 구조적 정합성에 어긋나는 모순과 과잉의 요소들이 파토스에 의해 상쇄되거나 봉합되는 오랜 관습을 유지해왔다. 여기에서 구조적 정합성이란 합당한 규약이나 거래가 지켜지지 않는다는 것이다. 1990년대에 장르가 재편되는 과정은 구조적 정합성을 희생하는 관습에 거리를 확보하는 가운데 진행된다. 그 방향은 합리적 이성주의와 자본의 논리에 의한 통어가 강화되어 가는 것이다. 그것은 웃음을 통해 대상에 대해 거리를 두면서 발언의 수위를 높이고 임계를 확장하는 코미디로 시작하여 감성을 취향의 항목으로 기호화하고 상호 합의와 실리적 거래의 논리를 통해 구축해가는 로맨스로 전개된다. 이를 통해 1990년대 한국영화는 무조건적 가족주의에 긴박된 파토스의 서사로부터 멀어져가는 쪽으로 발전되어 간다. 이는 1980년대 후반 이후 한국사회가 근대 합리주의의 쌍생아로서의 민주주의와 자본주의의 상향된 궤도에 진입하는 것과 동궤를 이루는 것이다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.25-40
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• 2003

Since Korea open her ports to the West, she had undergone a great change under the alien influences both on the macro-social and micro-social aspects. This study aims to review the korean housing, corresponding with the everyday life, during the period of transition between the 1876 - 1910 and to interpret its process of modernization and the meaning of modernity. With regards to understand the holistic human relationship and place pf living through history, this study takes the Nobert Elias' Civilization Theory as a theoretical basis. References were therefore, made to various records of foreign missionary at the time, with respect not only to macro sociological changes but also to changes of everyday life. It is of course to take physical and structural aspects of housing architecture into consideration. These works, thus, led to presuming the housing culture of said period. In order to investigate modern character of korean housing, distinctively represented by spatial structure, considerations were made to various architectural examples according to the social and residential status both in urban and rural area. As a results, this paper came to the remarks as follows; 1. It is understood, that the process of modernization is a part of the process of civilization as synthetic process. It is integrated with the change of socio-cultural aspects and everyday life. 2. Korean housing in the said period shows various different residential status and grade of civilization according to the social status as well as economical status. Modern housing was not in general yet. 3. Housing for high classes and middle classes in Seoul shows a tendency of assimilation and imitation after western model. But some examples within the housing of high classes represent its own modernity, that is based on the rationalism and equalization 4. In the housing of lower classes, it was very far from the benefits of civilization. It could analogize from the immature control of disgrace, from undevelopment of individual territory and from uncultivation of rationality in the housing space.