• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2006년도 제23차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.90-91
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• 2006

To reduce the economic impact and control Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI), vaccination with inactivated vaccine has been considered in this country. We tried to develop inactivated vaccine with reassorted H9N3 AI virus which has different type of neuraminidase compare to those of field AI virus. Before reassorted vaccine was produced, we confirm the virus as master seed by limiting dilution, RT-PCR and sequencing method. Also, we evaluate the biological characteristics of the virus to find out the possibility of prevention against field infection of AI virus. Finally, we evaluate the safety and efficacy of the vaccine made of reassorted AI virus in the specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens. After limiting dilution, we choose RV7CE4 as a vaccine candidate and compare the gene sequence of this vaccine strain to those of AI05GA which is parents strain. Compared to amino acid sequences of specific gene of AI05GA and RV7CE4, exhibited a high degree of amino acid sequence homology. In the safety and efficacy test, there were no specific clinical signs or mortality. Reassorted H9N3 viruses were reisolated in cloaca swab on 5 days post inoculation. In the vaccine study, once or twice vaccination was performed and challenged with H9N2 field virus (01310). Vaccine has no adverse effect on birds and formed good immune capability which reduce viral shedding in the birds infected with 01310. Based on the above result, we developed reassorted H9N3 vaccine which will efficiently prevent the low pathogenic AIV (H9N2) infection in the poultry farms.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권8호
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• pp.1492-1501
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• 2011

A wide-area protection intelligent technique has been used to improve a reliability in power systems and to prevent a blackout. Nowadays, voltage and current phasor estimation has been executed by GPS-based synchronized PMU, which has become an important way of wide-area blackout protection for the prevention of expending faults in power systems. As this technique has the difficulties in collecting and sharing of information, there have been used a FNET method for the wide-area intelligent protection. This technique is very useful for the prediction of the inception fault and for the prevention of fault propagation with accurate monitoring frequency and frequency deviation. It consists of FDRs and IMS. It is well known that FNET can detect the dynamic behavior of system and obtain the real-time frequency information. Therefore, FDRs must adopt a optimal frequency estimation method that is robust to noise and fault. In this paper, we present comparative studies for the frequency estimation method using IRDWT(improved recursive discrete wavelet transform), for the frequency estimation method using FRDWT(fast recursive discrete wavelet transform). we used the Republic of Korea 345kV power system modeling data by EMTP-RV. The user-defined arbitrary waveforms were used in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed two kinds of RDWT. Also, the frequency variation data in various range, both large range and small range, were used for simulation. The simulation results showed that the proposed frequency estimation technique using FRDWT can be the optimal frequency measurement method applied to FDRs.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.208-214
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• 2008

자동차 산업의 발전에 따라 보다 편리한 기능의 자동차 부품 기술 개발이 꾸준히 진행되어 왔으나, 운송 수단 발명 초기에 개발되었던 수동 클러치 방식은 수많은 연구와 개발자들의 노력에도 불구하고 아직 오토미션 수준의 초기 단계에 머물러 있다고 볼 수 있다. 종래의 오토 미션은 클러치 디스크의 슬립을 기초로 한 소형차량 및 개인용 RV 차량 위주로 사용되고 있으나, 본 연구 기술은 대형 차량부터 소형 승용차 및 농기계, 선박 등 클러치를 조작하는 모든 수송 기계에 적용이 가능한 혁신적인 기술이다. 차량의 운전 조건에 따라 달라지는 엔진의 출력 값에 따라, 클러치 디스크의 접속 시점을 정확히 결정하고 수동 변속기의 경우 빈번히 나타나는 반 클러치 상태를 적용하기 위하여, 클러치 디스크의 접속 시점을 결정하는 기준이 되는 데이터로 엔진(Engine)의 회전수(rpm)를 적용한다. 상승하는 엔진 회전수에 해당하는 값 만큼만 클러치 디스크를 이동, 접속시켜 차량의 동력을 원활하게 전달할 수 있는 자동차용 전자식 클러치 모듈을 연구하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.409-417
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• 1984

In the early days of open heart surgery, acute respiratory failure following extracorporeal circulation was a significant deterrent to an uncomplicated recovery. Although a marked improvement in prevention and treatment of postoperative respiratory failure has been achieved, the problem has not been completely eliminated and continues to be a causative factor in morbidity and mortality Fates following open heart surgery. We have attempted to evaluate postoperative respiratory failure in patients undergoing cardiac operation with the aid of extracorporeal circulation. Our series comprised 92 patients who underwent elective open heart surgery at the Department of Thoracic and Cariodvascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, from January, 1980 to December, 1982. In our study, the overall incidence of acute respiratory failure following open heart surgery was 18.8 percent. The duration of extracorporeal circulation in a series of 18 patients who developed postoperative respiratory failure [Group B] was longer in the mean value [120.3 minutes] than the uncomplicated 74 patients [Group A] [85.8 minutes]. The duration of artificial ventilation after open heart surgery in Group A averaged 13.4 hours as contrasted with 76.5 hours in Group B. In Group B, the inspired oxygen concentration [FiO2] in artificial ventilation was continued in the higher level than Group A until 18 hours after operation. Upon pulmonary function test performed pre-and postoperatively, residual volume[RV], RV/TLC and FEV 1.0/FVC were remained essentially unchanged following extracorporeal circulation, whereas forced vital capacity [FVC], FEV 1.0 and FEF 25-75% were significantly decreased in the early postoperative days. The incidence of acute respiratory failure was significantly higher in a series of patients who developed postoperative complications, such as re- exploration due to massive bleeding, low cardiac output, acute renal failure and arrhythmias. A total of 9 patients died, giving an overall mortality was 33.3 percent whereas the mortality was only 1.1 percent for patients without respiratory failure.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2017

Background: The Ross/Ross-Konno procedure is considered a good option for irreparable aortic valve disease in pediatric patients because of its hemodynamic performance and potential for growth of the pulmonary autograft. This study is a review of the long-term results of our 20-year experience with the Ross and Ross-Konno operations in a single institution. Methods: Between June 1995 and January 2016, 16 consecutive patients (mean age, $6.0{\pm}5.9years$; range, 16 days to 17.4 years) underwent either a Ross operation (n=9) or a Ross-Konno operation (n=7). The study included 12 males and 4 females, with a median follow-up period of 47 months (range, 6 to 256 months). Results: There were no cases of in-hospital or late mortality. Six reoperations were performed in 5 patients. Four patients underwent right ventricular-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) conduit replacement. Two patients underwent concomitant replacement of the pulmonary autograft and RV-PA conduit 10 years and 8 years after the Ross operation, respectively. The rate of freedom from adverse outcomes of the pulmonary autograft was 88% and 70% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. The rate of freedom from valve-related reoperations was 79% and 63% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Conclusion: Pulmonary autografts demonstrated good durability with low mortality. The Ross/Ross-Konno procedure is a good option that can be performed safely in pediatric patients with aortic valve disease, even in a small-volume center.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.1165-1169
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• 2012

In April 2009, the H1N1 pandemic influenza virus emerged as a novel influenza virus. The aim of this study was to compare the performances of several molecular assays, including conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), two real-time reverse transcription (rRT)-PCRs, and two multiplex RTPCRs. A total of 381 clinical specimens were collected from patients (223 men and 158 women), and both the Seeplex RV7 assay and rRT-PCR were ordered on different specimens within one week after collection. The concordance rate for the two methods was 87% (332/381), and the discrepancy rate was 13% (49/381). The positive rates for the molecular assays studied included 93.1% for the multiplex Seeplex RV7 assay, 93.1% for conventional reverse transcription (cRT)-PCR, 89.7% for the multiplex Seeplex Flu ACE Subtyping assay, 82.8% for protocol B rRT-PCR, and 58.6% for protocol A rRT-PCR. Our results showed that the multiplex Seeplex assays and the cRT-PCR yielded higher detection rates than rRT-PCRs for detecting the influenza A (H1N1) virus. Although the multiplex Seeplex assays had the advantage of simultaneous detection of several viruses, they were time-consuming and troublesome. Our results show that, although rRT-PCR had the advantage, the detection rates of the molecular assays varied depending upon the source of the influenza A (H1N1)v virus. Our findings also suggest that rRT-PCR sometimes detected virus in extremely low abundance and thus required validation of analytical performance and clinical correlation.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.139-145
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• 1993

등전점 전기영동법에 의한 동위효소 분석과 제한효소 단편 다형화현상(RFLP) 분석기법을 이용하여 보리 품종 19종의 품종형을 구분하고 근연관계를 검토하였다. 보리 19품종은 동위효소 형태특성 에 따라 esterase는 7가지형으로, phosphoglucose isomerase는 3가지형으로, peroxidase는 4가지형으로, alcohol dehydrogenase는 2가지 형으로 각각 분류되었으며, 그 핵 DNA를 제한효소 EcoRV로 절단하여 DNA probe pMSU 71로 RFLP를 분석한 결과 2가지 품종형으로 구분되었다. 이 4가지 동위효소의 형태특성 및 핵 DNA의 RFLP 특성을 종합하면 보리 19품종을 13가지 품종형으로 구분할 수 있었다. 이렇게 구분된 13가지 품종형들은 Nei's F-statistics의 계산식으로 그 근연관계를 분석하였더니 $97.4{\sim}66.5%$ 범위의 근연관계를 보였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.540-544
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• 2011

The molecular mechanisms of apoptotic induction by benzyldihydroxyoctenone (BDH), a nonsteroidal antiandrogen, isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp., have been previously published in prostate cancer LNCaP cells. Apoptotic induction of BDH-treated LNCaP cells was associated with downregulation of Bcl-xL that caused, in turn, cytochrome c release from mitochondria, and activation of procaspases and specific proteolytic cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the patterns of apoptotic induction by BDH in non-prostate, ovarian cancer PA-1 (androgen-independent and -insensitive) cells and prostate cancer cells with different androgen responsiveness, such as C4-2 (androgen-independent and -sensitive), 22Rv1 (androgen-dependent and -low sensitive), and LNCaP (androgen-dependent and -high sensitive) cells. We found that BDH-treated LNCaP cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in a time-dependent manner and induced apoptosis via downregulation of the androgen receptor (AR) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA), as well as antiapoptotic Bcl-xL protein. However, the levels of BDH-mediated apoptotic induction and growth inhibition in 22Rv1 cells were apparently lower than those of LNCaP cells. In contrast, the induction of apoptosis and antiproliferative effect in BDH-treated non-prostate cancer PA-1 and hormone refractory C4-2 cells were not detectable and marginal, respectively. Therefore, BDH-mediated differential apoptotic induction and growth inhibition in a cell type seem to be obviously dependent on its androgen responsiveness; primarily on androgen-dependency, and then on androgensensitivity.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 자동차 실내에서 발생되는 VOCs 성분 및 농도를 분석하기 위해 승용차와 RV차에 대해서 각각 15일, 30일, 45일, 60일 경과한 차량을 대상으로 시험하였다. 그 결과 TVOC는 승용차와 RV차 모두 기준치보다 2~8배 상회하였으며 승용차보다는 RV차량이 더 많이 검출되었다. 특히 톨루엔의 경우 30일 경과 후부터 급격히 감소되었으며 60일 경과 후에도 기준치보다 높게 검출되었다. 크실렌의 경우 45일 경과 후 기준치 이하로 검출됨을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과를 볼 때 자동차 내장부품의 무용제화 및 수성화 대체기술 개발이 시급함을 알 수 있었다. 아직 국제표준화 되어 있지 않은 VOCs의 시험방법표준화를 통하여 성분, 농도, 인체유해성을 충분히 분석하여 대체함으로써 친환경 자동차 생산에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 1994

미꾸라지의 성장호르몬 유전자를 분리하기 위하여 미꾸라지의 cDNA library를 준비하였다. total RNA는 미꾸라지의 뇌하수체로부터 얻었으며 oligo (dT)-coupled magnetic bead를 이용하여 total RNA로부터 mRNA를 순수분리하였다. 정제된 mRNA는 cDNA를 합성하기 위한 기질로 사용하였으며, 합성된 cDNA는 EcoRV/Smal으로 절단된 pBlueKS+ plasmid vector에 삽입하였다. 모든 ligation 반응용액을 E. coli, JM109 균주에 형질전환을 유도하였으며 형질전환 효율을 최대화시키기 위하여 전기천공법을 이용하였다. 얻어진 모든 형질전환주들을 DIG로 표지된 Tilapia의 성장호르몬 유전자를 이용하여 고밀도 colony hybridization 에 의하여 검색하였다. 양성반응을 나타내는 10개의 형질전환주를 분리하여 2차 colony hybridization 및 southern hybridization에 의하여 성장호르몬 유전자가 cloning 되었음을 확인하였다. 10 개의 형질전환주 중 하나인 pCGH1을 probe로 사용한 Tilapia 성장 호르몬 유전자의 염기서열과 비교분석하였으며 53.2%의 유사성을 나타냄을 확인하였다.