• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.99-111
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of flipped learning on self-directed learning and academic achievement in national competence standards (NCS) based physical assistant skills in the emergency medical technology(EMT) students. Methods: One-group pretest-post test design was used. Flipped learning was carried out for 2 hours per week for 16 weeks. A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 56 EMT students from March 3 to June 16, 2016. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient using SPSS 18.0 program. Results: After completion of flipped learning, significant improvement was found in self-directed learning(t = 6.04, p < .001), academic achievement($3.25{\pm}.79$) and academic achievement((t = 6.41, p < .001). There was a significant positive correlation among self-directed learning and academic achievement. Conclusion: Flipped learning is useful teaching and learning method to the EMT students.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.75-86
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• 2019

Purpose: It is crucial that 119 emergency medical technician (EMT) have adequate knowledge regarding forensic science. This study aimed to assess the forensic knowledge of EMTs in the Republic of Korea. Methods: This study was conducted on EMTs of five fire stations in D metropolitan city between August 6 and August 13, 2018. A questionnaire consisting of items on crime-related incident recognition (i.e., mechanical asphyxiation, trauma, sex crimes, and child abuse), forensic evidence management (i.e., evidence collection, preservation, and recording) was administered to the participants. Finally, 119 questionnaires were analyzed. Results: The ratio of correct answers for crime-related incidents recognition was 55.82%, which was lower than that for forensic evidence management(84.5%). In particular, the scores for the type of neck compression(16.5%) and wound assessment(44.0%) were low. The percentage of correct answers for forensic evidence management was 78.4% for evidence collection, 84.4% for evidence preservation, and 90.6% for evidence recording. Previous forensic education experience was not a significant variable. Conclusion: Specific and practical forensic science education on perception of crime-related incident, including asphyxia and wound identification, and forensic evidence collection is needed.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.7-18
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the core competencies for 119 emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and to provide evidence for the development and utilization of 119 EMTs, education and training programs. Methods: Data were collected with a questionnaire that consisted of items on the general characteristics of the subjects (8 items) and importance and satisfaction levels for 10 competencies, including 34 items on subfactors. The Borich Needs Assessment Model was used in designing the questionnaire. A locus for focus model was used to derive the top priority competencies for the improvement of core competency in the profession. Data were analyzed with by SPSS ver.21 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA). Results: The core competencies for 119 EMTs were derived from technical competency, information competency, communication competency, problem-solving competency, self-development competency and interpersonal competency. In addition, among the sub-factors of these competencies, 16 abilities (including leadership), ability to apply technical knowledge, technical comprehension, conflict management ability, ability to create documents, problem handling ability, ability to think, technical selection ability, and computer literacy were included in the priority category. Conclusion: This study derived and presented the core competencies for 119 EMTs to enable them to meet the modern day requirements of their roles, which may contribute to enhancing their professionalism.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.55-63
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to establish effective training strategies and methods by comparing the effects of 360° virtual reality video and first-person video in non-face-to-face practical lectures. Methods: This crossover study, implemented May 18-31, 2020, included 27 participants. We compared 360° virtual reality video and first-person video. SPSS version 25.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The 360° virtual reality video had a higher score of experience recognition (p=.039), vividness (p=.045), presence (p=.000), fantasy factor (p=.000) than the first-person video, but no significant difference was indicated for satisfaction (p=.348) or interest (p=.441). Conclusion: 360° virtual reality video and first-person video can be used as training alternatives to achieve the standard educational objectives in non-face-to-face practical lectures.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.129-140
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• 2020

Purpose: This descriptive correlational study investigated the effects of post-traumatic stress and compassion competence on the quality of life of 119 Emergency medical technicians(EMTs). Methods: The data of 119 EMTs were collected between May 1 and September 30, 2020. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS 24.0 program. Results: Post-traumatic stress was seen to be negatively correlated with the quality of life (r=-.456, p<.001) and compassion competence was positively correlated with quality of life (r=.250, p=.006). Participants' subjective health status (β=0.30, p<.001), post-traumatic stress (β=-0.39, p=.001) and compassion competence (β=0.29, p<.001) explained 38.5% of variance in the quality of life of the 119 EMTs. Conclusion: These findings indicate that post-traumatic stress and compassion competence are important factors to improve the quality of life of EMTs. Therefore, systematic programs for reducing post-traumatic stress and enhancing compassion competence levels should be developed.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.99-112
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• 2021

Purpose: The study aimed to analyze the current status of traffic accident victims who were transported by 119 ambulances within the administrative district of Chungnam province and provide essential data for accident prevention. Methods: The pre-hospital care records of patients who called the 119 emergency service in 2019 were obtained from the Chungnam Fire Department. Data pertaining to 13,663 traffic accident victims who were transported to hospitals were analyzed. Results: Patients in those aged ≥60 years accounted for 49.8% of the total cases. In patients aged ≥80 years(n=2,154), motor cycle accidents were highest as 28.3%. In addition, cultivator (n=135) and buggy car (n=79) accident victims were the highest in aged ≥80 years as 66.7% and 67.1%, respectively. Traffic accident victims-population ratio in Chungnam was 0.65%, wherein 2.03% included population aged ≥80 years. Conclusion: It was clear that accidents varied across administrative districts depending on the age group of population distribution. Thus, safety measures for preventing motorcycle, cultivator, and buggy car accidents are necessary for areas with many older people aged ≥80 years.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.93-104
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• 2022

Purpose: This study examined the correlation between satisfaction with major, academic self-efficacy, and academic persistence with the general characteristics of students in a health-related field, to determine factors that affect academic persistence. Methods: The study was conducted on third- and fourth-grade health-field students at Daejion. The questionnaire consisted of a self-report, and a URL was sent by text message to students who agreed to participate after reading the purpose and necessity of the study. Results: Major satisfaction was 4.23 on average, academic self-efficacy was 4.15, and academic continuity was 4.25. Grade and school life satisfaction were the factors correlated with a significant difference in academic persistence. Significant positive correlations were seen between satisfaction with major (r=.637, p<.001) and academic self-efficacy (r=.563, p<.001); higher major satisfaction and academic self-efficacy led to higher academic persistence. Conclusion: A more systematic management approach needs to be conducted by developing active learning participation and applying customized counseling management and support programs by grade to improve the academic self-efficacy and academic persistence of students in health-related fields.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.37-46
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effects of flipped learning on paramedic students' self-directed learning and academic self-efficacy. Methods: A one-group pretest, posttest design was utilized for the 32 paramedic students who participated. The data were analyzed by employing paired t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient along with the SPSS 23.0 program. Results: The scores of self-directed learning and academic self-efficacy significantly increased after flipped learning classes (t = -3.90, p<.05; t = -5.92, p<.05, respectively). Conclusion: Flipped learning is an effective intervention for improving self-directed learning and academic self-efficacy in paramedic education. In the long run, the application of flipped learning will play a role in improving the paramedic students' educational environment and strengthening the overall abilities of students.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

Purpose: Korean medical services are not balanced across regions and social classes. To prevent mortality gaps, Korea must distribute its medical resources more efficiently. Patient factors affecting emergency room visits serve as basic data for determining best practices for public healthcare distribution. Methods: The data included 18 473 visits by 14 949 de-identified patients who visited a public emergency room over one year. The dependent variable was the number of emergency room visits. A Poisson regression was conducted with the independent variables, comprising sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and spatial accessibility factors and patient characteristics. Results: Older men with higher Korean Triage and Acuity Scale scores visited more frequently. Greater patient-hospital distance decreased visits; however, the presence of a hospital within 1 km of a patient's residence did not affect the number of visits. The use of 119 services was negatively correlated with the number of visits. Visits increased with more medical benefits. Conclusions: Patient age, distance to hospital, use of 119 services, and medical benefits should be considered when planning or managing public hospitals in Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2015

The purpose of this investigation is to enhance the survival rate of patients by transporting them to the hospital within the golden hour through the operational improvement of emergency dispatch instruction. To this end, problems and improvements of current operating system were derived by carrying out a survey against paramedics of Incheon city in 2012 and analyzing the current emergency dispatch instruction. This study analyzed the emergency activity daily reports for one year from January 1 through December 31, 2012 and researched the consciousness of 119 emergency medical technician. According to the analysis of the survey, there were no meaningful differences in the on-site arrival times per triage. Therefore, the item of 'Emergency Classification' specified in the emergency dispatch instruction needs to be integrated in the scheme of "triage". Also, the feedbacks of the emergency action log and the emergency dispatch instruction are necessary for 'duty for operation' to review the adequacy to the severity after the end of emergency operation. Finally, the improvement of the system for the continuous communication between the paramedics and the command staff is necessary. This improvements as stated above are expected to contribute to raise survival rate of patients.