• Title/Summary/Keyword: Economic organization

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A Technical Assessment of Possibility Sanction for Assistance to DPRK (대북 바이오가스플랜트 지원의 제재 가능성에 대한 기술적 평가)

  • Chung, Yongjin;Kwon, Yongchai
    • Journal of Energy Engineering
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.192-199
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    • 2015
  • Under the economic banner of "self-reliance," North Korea has focused on hydro and thermal power as its main energy supply sources. However, in the face of extreme energy penury caused by machinery and material supply instability in the wake of the collapse of the former communist block as well as equipment aging and deterioration due to floods and other disasters, North Korea and international aid organizations are increasingly turning their attention toward energy source diversification. In particular, renewable energy is recognized as the best strategic energy source for North Korea and it is a decentralized energy option that is suitable in light of North Korea's power distribution networks and its pursuit of self-reliance. Biogas can contribute to improving the human rights situation of North Koreans in conjunction with an increase in food production. For this reason, renewable energy is the most promising option for an energy source that is likely to secure humanitarian aid from international organizations such as the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP). However, the implementation of such humanitarian aid has been hampered by rising concerns about the diversion of provided energy materials for military purposes and the disguised introduction of dual use items strategic materials as well as UN Security Council resolutions and sanctions of the international community against North Korea's military provocation, including nuclear tests and missile launches. This paper explores the possibility of solving this dilemma and proceeding with the humanitarian aid to North Korea by evaluating the potential for sanction and the risk of diversion of the possible products for biogas-related aid on the basis of the list of UN-sanctioned items.

A Study on Collaborative Management in a Complex Boundary New Town: On the Case of Wirye New Town (복합경계 신도시의 협력적 관리 방안에 관한 연구: 위례신도시를 사례로)

  • Choi, Sang-Hee;Kim, Doo-Hwan;Kim, Ryoon-Hee;Yoon, In-Sook
    • Land and Housing Review
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.349-360
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    • 2013
  • Recently new town development projects are increasing including more than one local government such as provincial government new town and Wirye new town. Institution improvement for the development and management of complex boundary new town is necessary because present urban development institution is based on the new town of single local government. The concept of multi-level governance provide good conceptual frame in recognizing conflict issues and searching for a collaborative solution in Wirye new town. The purpose of this study is recognizing the conflict issues in the process of development and management and providing the collaborative management method using the conceptual frame of multi-level governance in Wirye new town. For this, we did interviews for the related persons and experts, reference research and professional forum. We drew some implications from the references about urban development and similar cases such as free economic zones. The main results of this study is as in the following. First, we categorised the main conflicts in the development and management in Wirye into 4 sectors, such school, administrative service, utility facilities and urban infrastructures. Then, we analysed the conflict issues of each categories and composed a conflict-structure of Wirye new town. Second, the structure of conflict in Wirye new town is composed of the confrontations between separated management and integrated management and between wide area management and local management. Third, for the cooperative management of Wiyre, we should construct multi-level governance in three dimensions of administrative council, local government association, and special management organization.

People within the Forest, People outside the Forest : A View from Ecological Anthropology (숲속에 사는 사람, 숲밖에 사는 사람 : 생태인류학적(生態人類學的) 관점(觀點))

  • Chun, Kyung Soo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.79 no.3
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    • pp.330-342
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    • 1990
  • One might have a retrospect on the relationship between the forest and human being from the viewpoint of ecological perspective. It is no doubt that most of the fossil humans should have lived on the forest and the latter provided foods and shelters for humans from their beginning stages, Since the so-called agricultural revolution, humans have extensively started to exploit the forest which had beer, their cradle. The industrial revolution has created another situation against the forest in terms of the quality of ecosystem. These two revolutions have set up the so-called civilization which seems to have been based on the sacrificial oblation of the forest. The cradle for human being has been kept exterminating for the shake of "economic development and miracle." This might be a synoptic history of relationships between the forest and human beings in a sense. designates the behavioral aspects of human being against the forest and people consider the forest only as exploitable resource in this context, and the latter means that people live on the forest and strive to adapt the order of forest ecosystem. The resourcism has developed a strategy of colonialism to exploit the forest and provided a winner's position for the human beings against the forest, This idea and behavioral perspective seems to have started the backfire against the exploiter who is the owner of the civilization. However, there are different philosophies and ideas to view the relationship between the forest and human beings. People within the forest who are mostly considered as "primitives" still keep their idea of the ontology of the forest. There is a theoretical assumption of the "socionatural system" to look into the ecosystem. The forest could be viewed in the above frame of analysis. There are five variables : environment, resource, technology, organization, and ideology. Ideological aspect of the forest can be explained in the context of belief systems. Forest has a meaning of religion and rituals and people within the forest should admire it in anyway of religious reasons. This aspect of the forest cannot be separated from the environmental aspect of the forest. People within the forest acknowledge and practice the above idea. People outside the forest have lost the idea, however, at the cost of acquiring the civilization. They have expelled themselves from the forest and divided the socionatural system of the forest by way of colonialism. The efforts like agroforestry and social forestry would be strategies for recovering the idea of ontology of the forest as well as the sense of community including the forest and human being. People within the forest will be a prospective model for the future socionatural system of the forest for the people outside the forest. At this point, an ecological anthropologist can work with the forest specialists.

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The Exploitation of World Fishery Resources for 10 Years under the New Regime in the Sea (신해양질서 10년후 세계어업자원 이용동향)

  • 이장욱;허영희
    • The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.43-87
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    • 1992
  • In this paper, state of exploitation of world fishery resources after 10 years under the new regime in the sea, called the era of exclusive economic zone (EEZ) expending up to a 200 nautical miles from coastal line, was reviewed to determine effect from establishing EEZ in the world fishery production and its export/import volume based on the fishery statistics annually published by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of United Nation. The world total production from marine living resources had a trend showing a waned increase during 1970's when most of coastal states were translated into the reality of EEZ. From mid-1980's onwards, it increased rapidly, reaching about 85 million tons . Such increase in production was basically from the Pacific Ocean, accounting for more than 60% of the world total production. Fishing areas where showed increase in the production after the new regime in the sea were the southwestern Atlantic (FAO area 41) , the eastern Indian (FAO area 57) and the whole fishing areas in the Pacific except the eastern central Pacific (FAO area 77). Increase in the production from distant-water fishing countries came from the regions of the southwest Atlantic (FAO area 41) and the southwest Pacific (FAO area 81) . The production from coastal states was up from the regions of the eastern Indian (FAO area 57) , the northwest and northeast Pacific (FAO areas 61 and 67) and the southeast Pacific (FAO area 87) . It was likely that the exploitation of the fishable stocks was well monitored in the areas of the northwest Atlantic (FAO area 21) , the eastern central Atlantic (FAO area 34) and the northeast Pacific (FAO area 67) through appropriate management measures such as annual harvest level, establishment of total allowable catch etc. The marine fisheries resources that have made contribution to the world production, despite expansion of 200 EEZ by coastal states, were sardinellas, Atlantic cod, blue whiting and squids in the Atlantic Ocean : tunas which mainly include skipjack, yellowfin and bigeye tuna, croakers and pony fishes in the Indian Ocean : and sardine, Chilean pilchard, Alaska pollock, tunas (skipjack and yellowfin tuna) , blue grenadier and blue whiting including anchoveta in the Pacific Ocean. It was identified that both fishery production and its export since introduction of the new regime in the sea were dominated by such coastal states as USA, Canada, Indonesia, Thailand, Mexico, South Africa and Newzealand. But difficulties have been experienced in the European countries including Norway, Spain, Japan and Rep. of Korea. Therefore, majority of coastal states are unlikely to have yet undertaken proper utilization as well as rational management of marine living resources in their jurisdiction during the last two decades. The main target species groups which led the world fishery production to go up were Alaska pollock, cods, tunas, sardinellas, chub and jack mackerel and anchoveta. These stocks are largely expected to continue to contribute to the production. The fisheries resources which are unexploited, underexploited and/or lightly exploited at present and which will be contributed to the world production in future are identified with cephalopods, Pacific jack mackerel and Atlantic mackerel, silver hake including anchovies. These resources mainly distribute in the Pacific regions, especially FAO statistical fishing areas 67, 77 and 87. It was likely to premature to conclude that the new regime in the sea was only in favour of coastal states in fishey production.

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Data Conversion Automation Tool based on Repository and Processes (레파지토리 및 프로세스 기반의 데이터 전환 자동화 도구)

  • Heo, Min Seok;Kim, Dong Soo;Kim, Hee Wan
    • Journal of Service Research and Studies
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.17-29
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    • 2020
  • This study was performed to derive a modern service management model reflecting the philosophy of the new business administration. Service management as the modern business administration should be faithful to the spirit of modernity. In addition, service management must be faithful to the essence of service in service economy era. And since modern management is to manage organizations those are the central organizations of human society, it must be managed according to the common principles of the world. Management that satisfies these three management philosophy conditions is defined as modern service management. In this study, we analyzed that the existing service management framework does not meet these standards of modern management and derived an improved modern service management model. The modern service management model must be a management model that reflects the essence of intangible goods called service, it must be a management framework that reflects the modern spirit, and it must be a management model that reflects the common principles of the world required by the central organization of the modern economic society. Therefore, this study analyzed the modern spirit in addition to the service essence and the common principle of the world analyzed in the previous study, and presented a modern service management model with these three requirements. Also, examples of modern service management were presented. This study is a conceptual model, and analytical research is needed to demonstrate that this management model can consistently produce excellent management performance by strengthening empirical studies in the future.

A Service Management Model as the New Business Administration (새로운 경영으로서의 현대 서비스경영 모델)

  • Kim, Hyunsoo
    • Journal of Service Research and Studies
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.91-108
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    • 2020
  • This study was performed to derive a modern service management model reflecting the philosophy of the new business administration. Service management as the modern business administration should be faithful to the spirit of modernity. In addition, service management must be faithful to the essence of service in service economy era. And since modern management is to manage organizations those are the central organizations of human society, it must be managed according to the common principles of the world. Management that satisfies these three management philosophy conditions is defined as modern service management. In this study, we analyzed that the existing service management framework does not meet these standards of modern management and derived an improved modern service management model. The modern service management model must be a management model that reflects the essence of intangible goods called service, it must be a management framework that reflects the modern spirit, and it must be a management model that reflects the common principles of the world required by the central organization of the modern economic society. Therefore, this study analyzed the modern spirit in addition to the service essence and the common principle of the world analyzed in the previous study, and presented a modern service management model with these three requirements. Also, examples of modern service management were presented. This study is a conceptual model, and analytical research is needed to demonstrate that this management model can consistently produce excellent management performance by strengthening empirical studies in the future.

A Study on Networking Effects of Financial Leverage in Middle-Sized Hospitals (네트워크 병원의 경영성과에 관한 연구)

  • Chung, Hee-Tae;Kim, Kwang-Hwan;Park, Hwa-Gyu;Lee, Kyung-Soo
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.339-347
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    • 2013
  • Recently, Korean medium-sized medical organizations require innovative strategies. Network-driven concerns in Korean medical organization have been a front burner issue to enhance economic and managerial efficiencies. Effective network-driven collaboration depends upon effective processes and economics strategies among medical providers group. From this motivation, we studied and provided the systems' theoretical background and networked hospital system structures. The aim of suggested research model in this paper is to overcome demerit of stand-alone medium-sized hospitals and analyze a system dynamics model to measure managerial performances. The developed system dynamics model is to quantify the effects of network strategy based on the historical financial data of real-life hospitals network experiences. The network effects are resulted in efficiencies and effectiveness enhancements in competitiveness through advertisement and effective education system. The simulations of system dynamics results can explain the improvement in financial outcome by joining in the network group. The network effects are shown more effective in dental hospital than other groups. In conclusion, it is expected that network effects have a critical influence of managerial, marketing, and medical collaboration performance for any type of medical hospitals.

Female Employees' Status in the Three Major Over-the-air Broadcasting Companies in South Korea (우리나라 지상파 방송사 조직에 있어서 여성인력의 지위에 관한 연구)

  • Youn, Sung-Min;Lee, Chul-Joo
    • Korean journal of communication and information
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    • v.22
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    • pp.167-210
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    • 2003
  • This study examined the organizational status of female employees in three major over-the-air broadcasting companies in South Korea in terms of both formal and informal organizational structures. Quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted for the data collected through the official statistical documents on Korean broadcasting industries, in-person/telephone interviews, and survey. The results show that the proportion of female employees in the three major over-the-air broadcasting companies remained relatively unchanged at about as low as 10 per cents during the past 10 years, Furthermore, most of them are positioned in the lower hierarchical positions. The informal organizational status of female employees in terms of informal organizational culture, informal network, and mentoring, also reveals inequal conditions in many respects. Concerning role assignments, no significant evidence of sexual discrimination was found. Discrimination against women in assigning core roles such as political and economic news reporting and drama producing, however, was still prevailing. Currently, a marked increase of female proportion is observed among newly hired reporters, producers, and announcers. In the long term, these trends can bring positive changes in the status of female employees in the broadcasting industry organization.

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Impacts of Core Elements of ISO26000 using Quantile Regression Analysis on Organizational Trust of Casino Industry (분위수 회귀분석을 이용한 ISO26000의 핵심요소가 카지노기업의 조직신뢰에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Hwa-Yong;Kim, Sang-Hyuck
    • Management & Information Systems Review
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    • v.32 no.1
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    • pp.173-194
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study drew the core elements of ISO26000 by analyzing the elements suitable to the characteristics of casino companies, and examined the influence of the core elements of ISO26000 on organizational trust following the level of organizational trust of employees. As a result of the factor analysis, among the 7 measurement items of ISO26000, improvement of governance and fair operating practices were simplified into one factor and thus 6 factors were used for empirical analysis. Therefore, multiple regression analysis using least square method was conducted to examine the impacts of the 6 elements. As a result, 5 variables excluding human rights had significant impacts on the organizational trust. Concretely, the 5 core elements of ISO26000 (labor practices, governance and fair operation, consumer issues, environment and community social and economic development) had significant impact on organization trust in order. In addition, the results of quantile regression analysis show the core elements of ISO26000 had different impacts on organizational trust depending on the level of organizational trust of employees.

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Politics of Technoscience and Science and Technology Governance in Korea (한국의 과학기술정치와 거버넌스)

  • Bak, Hee-Je;Kim, Eun-Sung;Kim, Jongyoung
    • Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.1-48
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    • 2014
  • Recently, governance of science and technology emerged as one of most important social problems and as a result it is crucial to understand it in science and technology studies. This article discusses three most important realms in science and technology goverance - research and development, regulation, and social movement - in the concrete Korean contexts. First of all, the Korean state has driven research and development and promoted its commercialization unlike other developed countries. Consequently, this nationalistic view on science disseminated to Korean public and it generated uniformity in research style and organization. Second, science and technology regulations embraced developed countries' policies, leading to its glocalization. As a result, technocratic old governance and new governance including precautionary principle and participatory democracy coexist. Third, the civil society has challenged expertise and state-driven science and technology governance and fueled social movements related to environment, safety, and health issues. The politics of knowledge created by citizens' voluntary participation and collaborative experts made it clear that science and technology should be no longer tool for economic development. In conclusion, we discuss characteristics of science and technology governance in Korea, giving various implication on current research and policy.

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