• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.265-278
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and to describe the characteristics of child abuse screening instruments. Methods: Articles regarding the development of a child abuse screening instrument were investigated using the systematic review method. A literature search using the keywords "child and abuse or maltreatment and instrument or screening tool" in English, and "child," "abuse," and "instrument" in Korean, was conducted of material published in PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SCOPUS, ERIC, and RISS. Database and bibliographic searches, and quality appraisal using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool that included systemic reviews, yielded 17 records. Results: Key elementary child abuse screening instruments were developed for physical, psychiatric, affective and sexual and child neglect assessment. The instruments' target populations were children at home and in institutions. The reviewed instruments had the advantage of diagnosing past, concurrent, and indirectly, potential child abuse. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that child abuse screening instruments are available for screening and for assessment of abused children in various circumstances. This review of child abuse screening instruments offers evidence for the acceptable use of optimal psychometric tools for child abuse assessment and provides guidelines for child health nursing practice.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1395-1406
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of interaction based mother-child art therapy on the change of child and mother's interactions in a child who was in trouble due to attachment problems. The subject in this study was a six-year-old child who faced difficulties in peer relationship building and who were maladjusted to kindergarten because of unstable attachment and negative feedback from his parents. Also, he showed serious problem behaviors at home. The ABA design was adopted among single-subject research designs, and the Target child was observed in the sessions in terms of the subfactors of Marschak's Behavioral Rating Scale to gather data related to the changes of child and mother's interactions. As a result of analyzing the collected data, there were positive changes in all the subfactors that were the child's verbal/nonverbal interactions, the mother's verbal/nonverbal interactions and mother-child interactions. Therefore the interaction based mother-child art therapy that was designed to boost child and mother's interactions was effective at furthering the mother-child interactions of the child with attachment problems.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.268-278
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to set up a hypothetical model to explain causal relationships among influential variables in the mother-child relationship for Korean infants and toddlers and their mothers. The research was based on Barnard's (1978) mother-child relations model, and goodness-of-fit was examined. Methods: The participants were 207 mothers with infants or toddlers. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS programs. Results: Regarding the influence of the variables on the mother-child relationship between infants and toddlers and their mothers, social support had a 75% explanation of mother-child relationships, and attachment had a 58% explanation of social support. Attachment had both direct and indirect effects on the mother-child relationships, and social support had direct and total effects on the mother-child relationships. Among child-related variables, child temperament had a moderating effect on the mother-child relationships. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the model has utility in developing effective nursing intervention methods to boost mother-child relationships between infants and toddlers and their mothers.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.163-179
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• 2017

Objective: The purposes of this study are to test a direct effect of mother-child interaction and to examine the mediating effect of children's smart media use on a child's sleeping hours. Methods: We analyzed the longitudinal data of 1,494 children from the $6^{th}$ panel study of Korean children collected by the Korea Institute of Child Care and Education in 2013, which examined 5-year-old children. The main analysis method was Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results: The study results showed that mother-child interaction had a direct effect on the child's sleeping hours. Children's smart media use also directly influenced the child's sleeping hours. In regard to mediation, the results revealed that children's smart media use mediated the relationship between mother-child interaction and child's sleeping hours. Conclusion/Implications: Bidirectional mother-child interaction and the degree of smart media use played an important role in children's sleeping hours. This study suggests policy and practical implications in order to retain children's healthy sleeping hours.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1169-1183
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to explore the strategy of teacher and the strategy of child in teacher-child interaction according to related variables. The participants of this research are 2 classroom teachers and their 54 5-year-old kindergarten children(27 boys and 27 girls). To collect the data, child's classroom activities were observed and videotaped using event sampling 90 times(30 times per beginning, middle, and end). Repeated test, two-way ANOVA, Scheffe test used for data analysis. The results of this research were as followed; First, over time there were differences between strategies of teacher and strategies of child during teacher-child interaction. Second, in child variables there were differences in strategies of teacher and strategies of child during teacher-child interaction according to child's gender. Third, in environment variables there were differences between strategies of teacher and strategies of child according to play rules and play areas.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.53-63
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of the child-mother attachment and the child-father attachment (secure attachment, insecure avoidant and insecure disorganized attachment) on children's mutual friendships and mutual antipathy relations. The subjects consisted of 116 5-6 year old kindergarteners (64 boys & 52 girls) and they were asked to respond to the Attachment Story Completion Task by Bretherton & Cassidy (1990), based on the sociometric popularity postulated by Coie & Dodge (1988). Data were analyzed by the logistic regression analysis and the one-way ANOVA method and the Scheffe test in multiple comparisons analysis. The results concluded that 1)There were differences in terms of child-mother attachment and child-father attachment when it came to a child's mutual friendship. The secure child-mother and child-father attachment groups had more mutual friendships than the insecure attachment groups. 2)There were no differences in terms of child-mother attachment and child-father attachment when it came to child's mutual antipathy. 3) 78.0% of the mutual friendships were accurately classified as existence with respect to child-mother and child-father attachment.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.55-69
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to provide data for development of child-care programs. For this purpose, mothers' demands were investigated. The subjects included 403 mothers with children enrolled in child-care centers located in Yangju city, Gyeonggi-do. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, cross tabs, t-test, and F-test. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, satisfaction with child-care centers was positive. Second, the major reasons for dissatisfaction with child-care centers came from facilities and program contents of inferior quality. Third, mothers emphasized the importance of teachers' role and social-emotional development as quality criteria for child-care programs. There were differences in mothers' demands according to their demographic characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.113-124
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• 2010

This study analyzed the relationships between home environment, child characteristics and school readiness. In particular, it examined the influence of home environment and child characteristics upon children's school readiness with a focus on attitudes towards and other socio-emotional aspects. 57 children's characteristics, including such items as IQ performance and demographic variables were obtained by means of both individual testing of the child and through a questionnaire given to their parents. Relative levels of school readiness were then rated by teachers. Pearson correlations, and a multiple regression analysis were carried out using the SPSS Win 12.0 program. Our results indicated that (1) school readiness was positively related with mother's job, HOME, the ages of the children, Performance IQ, and Total IQ. (2) The level of the other's education, her job and the child's age was found to significantly predict the level of school readiness.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.15-24
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• 2008

The main purpose of this study was to examine the main and interaction effects of inhibition, day-care experiences and mothers' controlling child-rearing behavior on young children's social withdrawal in peer situations. A total of 62 young children(34 boys; 28girls) enrolled in day-care center and their mothers participated in this study. Data on child inhibition and parenting were gathered via questionnaires whereas the quality of day-care and social withdrawal were observed in the day-care center. As results, the quality of day-care and mothers' controlling child-rearing behavior were negatively related to social withdrawal. Further, both day-care entry age and the quality of day-care were served as an intervening variables between child inhibition and social withdrawal.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.479-493
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was done to conduct a meta-analysis of articles describing randomized controlled trials which showed substantiated effects for home-based child abuse prevention programs for all parents. Methods: The articles regarding child abuse prevention programs for parents were investigated using the systematic review method. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane central library, Eric, and RISS on material published. Article searches and quality appraisal through RoB (Risk of Bias) yielded 14 records. Results: The total random effect size was 0.344 (Parents outcome, 0.333; Child outcome, 0.310; Environment, 0.275). The home based intervention for parents was effective for prevention of potential child abuse. Conclusion: This study supports the effectiveness of health care professional directing child abuse prevention programs for all parents whose children are in the early years of life including during the period of pregnancy.