• Title/Summary/Keyword: C-index

Search Result 4,672, Processing Time 0.038 seconds

Multi Layered Planting Models of Zelkova serrata Community according to Warmth Index (온량지수에 따른 느티나무군락의 다층구조 식재모델)

  • Kong, Seok Jun;Shin, Jin Ho;Yang, Keum Chul
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
    • /
    • v.15 no.2
    • /
    • pp.77-84
    • /
    • 2012
  • This study suggested the planting model of Zelkova serrata communities in the areas with the warmth index of both 80~100 and $100{\sim}120^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$. Warmth index was calculated with 449 weather points using inverse distance weighted interpolation method. The planting species were selected by correlation analysis between Z. serrata and each species of four or more frequency among the 36 relev$\acute{e}$ surveyed for this study. The result of this study is summarized as follows : Warmth index of Z. serrata communities was among $74{\sim}118^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$. Results of the correlation analysis between Z. serrata and each species observed that the Z. serrata belongs to the tree layer with warmth index of 80~100 and $100{\sim}120^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$. On the other hand, the species of Carpinus laxiflora, Quercus serrata, Prunus sargentii and Platycarya strobilacea appeared only in the tree layer with warmth index of $80{\sim}100^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$. Z. serrata and Styrax japonica appeared in the subtree layer with the warmth index of 80~100 and $100{\sim}120^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$, while Acer pseudosieboldianum, Lindera erythrocarpa, Acer mono, Quercus serrata, etc. appeared in the subtree layer with the warmth index of $80{\sim}100^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$. Z. serrata, Ligustrum obtusifolium, Lindera obtusiloba, Callicarpa japonica and Zanthoxylum schinifolium all appeared in the shrub layer with the warmth index of 80~100 and $100{\sim}120^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$. Lindera erythrocarpa, Orixa japonica, Staphylea bumalda, Akebia quinata and Sorbus alnifolia appeared in the shrub layer with the warmth index of $80{\sim}100^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$ and Styrax japonica and Stephanandra incisa appeared in the shrub layer with the warmth index of $100{\sim}120^{\circ}C{\cdot}month$, The numbers of each species planted in a $100m^2$ area of the Z. serrata community were suggested as follows : five in tree layer, five in subtree layer and nine in shrub layer. The average area of canopy are suggested to be about $86m^2$ for tree layer, $34m^2$ for subtree layer and $34m^2$ for shrub layer.

Measure and Assessment of Process Capability for Nonnormal Process Data (비정규 공정 데이터에 대한 공정능력의 측도 및 평가)

  • Kim, Hong-Jun;Song, Suh-Ill
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
    • /
    • 1998.11a
    • /
    • pp.594-609
    • /
    • 1998
  • In this dissertation, a new process capability index $C_{psk}$ is introduced for non-normal process. The Pearson curve and the Johnson curve are selected for capability index calculation and data modeling the normal-based index $C_{psk}$ is used as the model for non-normal process. A significant result of this research find that the ranking of the seven indices, $C_p,\;C_{pk},\;C_{pm},\;C^{\ast}_{pm},\;C_{pmk},\;C_s,\;C_{psk}$ in terms of sensitivity to departure of the process median from the target value T=M from the most sensitive one up to the least sensitive are $C_{psk},\;C_{s},\;C_{pmk},\;C^{\ast}_{pm},\;C_{pm},\;C_{pk},\;C_p$. i.e, By the criteria adopted for evaluation of PCI's $C_{psk}$ is the most sensitive to the departure of the process median from target and $C_p$ is least

  • PDF

Analysis of the Effect of Climate Change on the Site Index of Larix leptolepis (기후변화를 고려한 낙엽송 지위지수 추정)

  • Kim, Dong-Hyeon;Kim, Eui-Gyeong;Park, Snag-Byeong;Kim, Hyeon-Geun;Kim, HyungHo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
    • /
    • v.101 no.1
    • /
    • pp.53-61
    • /
    • 2012
  • This study developed a growth model for Larix leptolepis based on the WLS model to examine the effects of climate change on them. The site index was chosen as the dependent variable and location, weather, and edaphic factor were chosen as independent variables. Simulations were performed under three A1B climate change scenarios with the temperature ranging from $-3.3^{\circ}C$ to $+3.3^{\circ}C$. The simulation results showed that the site index decreased with peak at $-0.8^{\circ}C$. The decrease level of the site index by region was also analyzed. Each scenario, site index has decreased mostly but some region was increased. When the temperature increased up to $3^{\circ}C$, site index was decreased to everywhere.

Changes of Albumen Index and Haugh Unit by the Different Position of Thick Albumen Height of Eggs Measured (계란 농후난백의 높이 측정부위에 따른 Albumen Index와 Haugh Unit의 변화)

  • 하정기;김태호;나재천;강보석;하광수;김동혁;이상진
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
    • /
    • v.29 no.3
    • /
    • pp.157-170
    • /
    • 2002
  • This experiment was conducted to investigate the change of egg qualify by the height of thick albumen of egg, storage temperature and storage period. The albumen index and Haugh unit were measured and compared among five different storage periods(0, 2, 4, 6, and 10 days), four different storage temperatures($15^{\circ}C$ , $20^{\circ}C$ , $25^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$ ), and five different Parts(0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 mm) aparted from egg yolk. The albumen index and Haugh unit were as follows: the albumen index of eggs was significantly(P<0.01) different by the storage temperature and by the measuring position of thick albumen of eggs. It means that the albumen index can be differed by the measuring position of thick albumen even if eggs have a same qualify. For measuring egg qualify in this country, it should be announced that which Parts in thick albumen of eggs are measured. The albumen index of fresh eggs was 0.16. However, the index when measured at 3 hour after oviposition was lower than 0.16. Therefore, it indicates that the criterion of 0.06 lower than 0.16 is required to set for considering practical point during the marketing periods of eggs. When the criterion of albumen index puts 0.06, it is as 100%. Therefore, eggs can be kept the same quality for 6, 4 and 2 days when eggs were stored at $15^{\circ}C$ , $20^{\circ}C$ and 25 ~$30^{\circ}C$ , respectively. When the criterion of Haugh unit score puts 79 as 100%, the eggs can be maintained the quality for 6, 4, and 2 days when eggs are stored at $15^{\circ}C$ , $20^{\circ}C$ and 25~$30^{\circ}C$ , respectively. When the criterion of Haugh unit 55 as 100%, the eggs can be maintained the same quality for 10, 8 and 2 days when eggs are stored at $15^{\circ}C$ , $20^{\circ}C$ and 25~$30^{\circ}C$ , respectively. From the experimental results, it can be considered that calculathing egg quality by the height of thick albumin of eggs which was measured at the attachment Parts of thick albumin layer and yolk of eggs was most reasonable and suitable when considering the marketing periods of eggs.

Effect of an Obesity Management Program on Body Weight, Body Mass Index and Physiological Index of High School Girl Students (비만 관리 프로그램이 여고생의 체중, 체질량지수 및 생리지표에 미치는 효과)

  • Cha Kyu-Jung
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
    • /
    • v.34 no.7
    • /
    • pp.1362-1371
    • /
    • 2004
  • Purpose: This study was to examine the effect of an obesity management program on the body weight, body-mass index, and physiological index of obese female high school students. Method: Students from one school were selected as the experimental group, and students from another school as a control group so the latter group wasn't exposed to the experiment. The experimental group and the control group were each organized with 20 students. The experimental group received 60 minutes of behavior modification once a week, for eight weeks. Result: The Body weight, and Body mass-Index of the experimental group significantly decreased after the obesity management program. Total-cholesterol, T-G, and LDL-C significantly decreased and HDL-C increased in the experimental group. Total-cholesterol, T-G, LDL-C and HDL-C between the experimental group and control group showed significant differences. Conclusion: These results indicate that the obesity management program had a great effect on decreasing the body weight and body-mass index of the female obese high school students, normalizing their physiological index. In conclusion, this program turned out to be one of the safest and most effective obesity-management methods that could be applied to female high school students.

Refractive Index Changes of Polymer Film by Photochemical Reactions (광반응에 의한 고분자 필름의 굴절률 변화)

  • 조정환;신미영;이종하;김성수;송기국
    • Polymer(Korea)
    • /
    • v.28 no.6
    • /
    • pp.545-550
    • /
    • 2004
  • The refractive index of thin copolymer film was controlled by photo-degradation of chromophores in the copolymer. FTIR and UV/Vis spectroscopy were employed to elucidate the effect of chemical structure on refractive index changes after photobleaching. The decrease of refractive index of the film by photobleaching can be ascribed to the decrease of polarizability of polymer molecules through breakage of C =C bond in the chromophore. Due to the selective photoreaction of the chromophores which align along the film plane, refractive index of the copolymer film measured in TE mode decreases faster than that in TM mode. Polarized ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was used to verify such a difference in refractive index of the film.

A study on Process Capabilit Index using Semi-Variance

  • DaeKyung Kim
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
    • /
    • v.6 no.1
    • /
    • pp.77-88
    • /
    • 1999
  • A new measure of the process capability index(PCI) $\textit{C}_{cpk}$ is proposed that takes into account the proximity to the target value as well as process mean and process variation when we assessing process performance. using the semivariance estimators proposed by Choobineh and Branting (1986) and Josephy and Aczel (1993) the estimator($\textit{C}_{cpk}$) of new index has been solved and the properties of these estimators have been examined through simulations. Also we compare the performance between $\textit{C}_{cpk}$ and $\textit{C}_{jpk}$ which is developed by Johnson kotz and Pearn(1992).

  • PDF

Development of Expected Loss Capability Index Using Reflected Normal Loss Function (역정규 손실함수를 이용한 기대손실 능력지수의 개발)

  • Chun, Dong-Jin;Chung, Young-Bae
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
    • /
    • v.40 no.1
    • /
    • pp.41-49
    • /
    • 2017
  • Process quality control, which prevents problems and risks that may occur in products and processes, has been recognized as an important issue, and SPC techniques have been used for this purpose. Process Capability Index (PCI) is useful Statistical Process Control (SPC) tool that is measure of process diagnostic and assessment tools widely use in industrial field. It has advantage of easy to calculate and easy to use in the field. $C_p$ and $C_{pk}$ are traditional PCIs. These traditional $C_p$ and $C_{pk}$ were used only as a measure of process capability, taking into account the quality variance or the bias of the process mean. These are not given information about the characteristic value does not match the target value of the process and this has the disadvantage that it is difficult to assess the economic losses that may arise in the enterprise. Studies of this process capability index by many scholars actively for supplement of its disadvantage. These studies to evaluate the capability of situation of various field has presented a new process capability index. $C_{pm}$ is considers both the process variation and the process deviation from target value. And $C_{pm}{^+}$ is considers economic loss for the process deviation from target value. In this paper we developed an improved Expected Loss Capability Index using Reflected Normal Loss Function of Spring. This has the advantage that it is easy to realistically reflect the loss when the specification is asymmetric around the target value. And check the correlation between existing traditional process capability index ($C_{pk}$) and new one. Finally, we propose the criteria for classification about developed process capability index.

Changes in the Rheological Characteristics by Various Concentrations and Temperatures of Korean white Gruel (농도와 온도에 따른 흰죽의 리올로지 특성 변화)

  • Lee, Chang-Ho;Han, Ouk
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
    • /
    • v.11 no.5
    • /
    • pp.552-556
    • /
    • 1995
  • The rheological properties of Korean white gruel at various concentrations (4-7%) and temperatures (30-60$^{\circ}C$) were investigated. The rheological behavior of Korean white gruel was evaluated by Herschel-Bulkley equation and showed typical Bingham psedoplastic behavior with yield stress. Flow behavior index was increased at over 5% of rice content. Consistency index was increased by the increase of concentration of rice. But, measuring temperature was not effected in the flow behavior index and consistency index. Yield stress was increased by the incerase of concentration of rice and the decrease of measuring temperature. The activation energy of flow of Korean gruel increased from 7.646 to 32.949${\times}$10/Sup 6/ J/Kg$.$ mole by increasing concentration from 4% to 7%. As the temperature increased from 30$^{\circ}C$ to 60$^{\circ}C$, B-value decresed from 1.214 to 0.947 Flow behavior index and consistency index was reduced during storage.

  • PDF

Bootstrap Estimation for the Process Incapability Index $C_{pp}$

  • Han, Jeong-Hye;Cho, Joong-Jae;Lim, Chun-Sung
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
    • /
    • 1998.11a
    • /
    • pp.309-315
    • /
    • 1998
  • Process Capability can be expressed with a process index which indicates the incapability of a process to meet its specifications. This index is regarded as a process capability index(PCI) or more precisely as a process incapability index(PII). It is obtained from a simple transformation of a PCI. Greenwich and Jahr-Schaffrath(1995) considered the PII $C_{pp}$ which could be obtained from the transformation to the PCI, $C_{pm}$, and they provided the asymptotic distribution for $C_{pp}$ which was useful unless the process characteristic was normally distributed. However, some statistical inferences based on the asymptotic distribution need a large sample size. There are some processes which process engineers could not help obtaining sufficiently a large sample size. Thus, we have derived its corresponding bootstrap asymptotic distribution since bootstrapping would be a helpful technique for the PII, $C_{pp}$ which was nonparametric or free from assumptions of the distribution of the characteristic X. Moreover, we have constructed six bootstrap confidence intervals used in reducing bias of estimations based on the bootstrap asymptotic distribution and simulated their performances for $C_{pp}$,

  • PDF