• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1587-1593
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• 2022

Purpose. This study was to investigate the degree of refractive error that occurs depending on the measurement location of the subject when performing a refraction test using the automatic refractor. Methods. When performing the auto-refraction test, measurements were taken while increasing the distance between the forehead and the forehead rest, and the measurements were made by tilting the head clockwise and counterclockwise. Results. During the auto-refraction test, significant refractive error occurred when the forehead was not attached to the forehead support or the subject's head was turned clockwise or counterclockwise. Conclusions. When performing a refraction test using an automatic refractor, the examiner will have to pay attention to whether the subject's forehead is in close contact with the forehead rest, and whether the head is tilted.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1535-1542
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• 2021

Purpose. This study categorizes vision correction subjects by age and gender, and aims to find out which glasses or contact lenses the subjects of each age group show preference based on the answers of the questionnaires answered by the subjects. Methods. A study was conducted in the form of a questionnaire through SNS on the types of correction tools used for the purpose of correcting ametropia for the general public from their teens to their 50s. Results. As for the most preferred method for correcting asymmetry, in the case of teenagers, glasses were the most common at 50%, glasses and contact lenses the most at 43.8% each, and glasses in their 30s at 50%. Those in their 40s had the most glasses at 75%, and those in their 50s wore glasses and sunglasses at 50%. Conclusions. Since the demand for vision correction and eye protection methods varies according to age and gender, it is necessary to identify and design the flow of these demands in the existing market. Therefore, it is necessary to make a judgment that can contribute to the development of eye health targeting the main customer base and the provision of appropriate services to consumers.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1232-1237
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• 2019

Purpose. In this study, two types of soft contact lenses with different materials were selected to compare the time of tear film destruction and high order aberrations before and after wearing. Methods. Thirty patients (60 eyes) in their 20s were included in this study. Two lenses with different materials, Group 4 (Etafilcon A) and Group 5 (Narafilcon A) were selected. Using aberration analyzer and keratometry, high-order aberration and tear film test (NIF-BUT, NIAvg-BUT) were performed before and after wearing. Results. When comparing the higher aberrations of the Etafilcon A and Narafilcon A lenses, the higher aberrations of the Narafilcon A lens were higher overall. For the initial tear film break-up time (NIF-BUT) after wearing, the Etafilcon A lens was reduced by 4.0 seconds and the Narafilcon A lens increased by 0.6 seconds. For the mean tear film break-up time (NIAvg-BUT) after wearing, the Etafilcon A lens decreased by 2.4 seconds and the Narafilcon A lens increased by 1.7 seconds. Conclusions. NIF-BUT and NIAvg-BUT of Narafilcon A lens were increased. The lens with relatively low water content and higher oxygen permeability than the lens with high water content has relatively less tear evaporation, which means that the time of destruction of the tear film is increased.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1639-1643
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• 2023

Purpose. We wanted to find out how the changes in brain function affected by the beats per minute (BPM) of music affected visual function. Methods. The subjects were 40 people in their 20s (30 men, 10 women) with no eye disease, strabismus, amblyopia and a corrected visual acuity of 1.0 or higher. Wearing headphones while excluding surrounding noise as much as possible, we played music while adjusting the beat rate at 40 BPM intervals from 80 to 200 BPM. Then, pupil size measurement, lag of accommodation test, and minus lens addition method maximum accommodation test were performed and analyzed. Results. As a result of analyzing changes in visual function according to beats per minute [BPM], it was found that although sound can be consciously affected, it does not directly affect visual function significantly in terms of accommodative lag and changes in pupil size. It was confirmed that the effect was limited to the maximum accommodation. Conclusions. In clinical practice, it is necessary to conduct a refraction test while keeping in mind that there are changes in visual function depending on the BPM of surrounding sounds.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.413-428
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate students and optometrist opinion of the usefulness of different subjects of optometry curriculum.This date will then be used as base-line data during a process of curriculum development Methods: 292 of ophthalmic optic's students and 123 of optometrists were surveyed in the usefulness of curriculum (five-point scale) followed by statistical analysis of the results. Results: Optometrists gave a higher average score for curriculum usefulness (3.89) than the students (3.71). The subject which showed the highest usefulness for the student was optometry (4.55) but clinical practice was the highest for the optometrist (4.48). There was significant differences (p<.05) on optics, ophthalmology, basic science, optometrist related subject and foreign language but optometry and contact lenses showed high usefulness in common without significant difference. The usefulness of subject for the student showed significant difference according to gender, grade, age, and desired working place and has demonstrated significant difference depend on gender, age, scholarship, total working experience as an optometrist, workplace, and position for optometrists as well. Conclusions: It is necessary to continue research for the development of standard and bench-marked curriculum for ophthalmic optics and also the curriculum, which reflecting the usefulness and needs obtained from ophthalmic optics' students and optometrists need to be developed.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1594-1599
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• 2022

Purpose. To investigate the relationship between changes in eye temperature and eye fatigue according to smartphone usage time. Methods. 15 adults in their 20s were asked to watch a smartphone, and the ocular surface temperature was measured 5 times each using a non-contact infrared thermometer every 10 minutes, and the change was observed. Result. The ocular surface temperature was 36.40℃ at the center of the cornea before watching the smartphone, but increased by 0.19℃ to 36.59℃ after watching the smartphone (SD 36.50±0.10). In addition, in the case of the sclera, it was found that the increase was 0.1℃ from 36.48℃ before viewing to 36.58℃ after viewing (SD 36.53±0.05). Conclusion. It was found that there is a close relationship between smartphone use and changes in eye temperature. In the future, it is thought that the ocular surface temperature can be used as basic data to objectively evaluate eye fatigue.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.1616-1624
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• 2023

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of changes in tear break-up time, accommodative response amount, and accommodative microwave on the eyes due to changes in humidity. Methods. A total of 48 adult men and women in their 20s (21.1±1.56 years old) were surveyed on dry eye questionnaires (OSID questionnaires), tear destruction time was measured by humidity (40%, 60%, 80%), and controlled reactions and controlled fine waves were measured through tactile tests. Result. As a result of the OSID questionnaire, there were 10 normal patients, 8 mild dry eyes, 1 moderate dry eye, and 5 severe dry eyes. The initial tear film destruction time was 7.34±4.67 seconds at 40% humidity, 8.99±4.75 seconds at 60% humidity, 10.26±4.52 seconds at 80% humidity, and the average tear film destruction time was 9.51±4.07 seconds at 40% humidity, 10.99±3.82 seconds at 60% humidity, and 12.05±3.42 seconds at 80% humidity. The accommodative response was -0.41~1.79D at 40% humidity, -0.34~1.79D at 60% humidity, and -0.30~2.01D at 80% humidity. The accommodative microwave was measured as 56.39~63.43dB when it was 40%, 56.41~62.64dB when it was 60%, and 55.96 ~61.13dB when it was 80%. Conclusion. As the humidity (40~80%) increased, the tear break-up time increased, and as the accommodative stimulus amount increased, the accommodative response amount increased. It was found that the accommodative microwave according to the amount of accommodative stimulation increased, and as the humidity increased, the accommodative microwave decreased.

• The Korean Journal of Vision Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.483-495
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the mental health of students in the department of optometry by the gender and to provide differentiated help to student life and career guidance. Methods : Questionnaire for 132 students in the department of optometry in Chungcheong region was analyzed and mental health was compared and analyzed by the gender. In this study, a questionnaire by SCL-90-R was used, and all statistical information was statistically processed with a significance level of p<0.05 using SPSS 18.0 (SPSS 18.0 was used for processing statistical information with a significance level of p<0.05). Results : Students of the department of optometry presented mental health problems; somatization was 22.7%, psychasthenia was 28.3% and hostility was 12.8%. Depression and paranoia were 27.7% and 10.2% respectively, followed by interpersonal sensitivity, psychosis, phobia, and anxiety disorder with 14.7%, 10.4%, 5.9% and 17.4% respectively. Conclusion : About 28.7% of the students of the department of optometry students experienced somatization, psychasthenia or hostility due to negative mental health and female students ranked relatively higher in all variables than males. Therefore, it is judged that differentiated counseling and guidance in life will be needed for students based on their gender differences.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2010

Purpose: We have studied the problems associated with increased number of ophthalmic optics students and its effects on the supply and demand of optician. Methods: We collected data from Education Statistics, a white paper of Minister for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs, academyinfo web site and University (College) web site. Results: We forecasted an estimate for supply and demand of optician using the entrance number of ophthalmic optics. Conclusions: The numbers of produced optician are in excessive supply. The excessive supply of optician can contribute towards worsening working conditions and lower job satisfaction of an optician. Therefore this can result infrequent turn over of jobs within the same field and migration into the different field of areas. To solve these problems, we will need to act with the manpower policy of government by gathering the voices of the related optician agencies. Then expansion of job domain, improvement of quality level, the improvement of the working conditions for optician can be accomplished by the unification of university system and reduction of entrance numbers for department of ophthalmic optics.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.13-17
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of the study is to provide for prospects of Department of Ophthalmic Optics. Methods: This study surveyed on notion in sunder of the frist grade 100 people, second grade 100 people, third grade 100 people in the third educational system of Department of Ophthalmic Optics. Results: 1. Recognition of beforehand information for Department of Ophthalmic Optic were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 40 people(40%) by ordinary, at second grade 42 people(42%) by ordinary and at third grade 34 people(34%) by low. 2. Goodness of fit of register for a course and content for Department of Ophthalmic Optic were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 54 people(54%) by ordinary, at second grade 51 people(51%) and at third grade 47 people(47%) by suitableness. 3. Satisfaction of choice for Department of Ophthalmic Optics were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 43 people(43%) by high, at second grade 45 people(45%) by ordinary and at third grade 41 people(41%) by high. 4. Consideration of instruction for Department of Ophthalmic Optic were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 55 people(55%), at second grade 60 people(60%) and at third grade 49 people (49%) by good. 5. Relationship of friend in Department of Ophthalmic Optics were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 40 people(40%), at second grade 50 people(50%) and at third grade 51 people(51%) by good. 6. Relationship a senior-younger men in Department of Ophthalmic Optics were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 47 people(47%), at second grade 50 people(50%) and at third grade 41 people(41%) by ordinary. 7. Prospects of future for Department Ophthalmic Optics were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 47 people (47%), at second grade 50 people(50%) and at third grade 45 people(45%) by ordinary. 8. Affairs after graduation of Department of Ophthalmic Optics were investigated the highest rate at frist grade 60 people(60%), at second grade 68 people(68%) and at third grade 66 people(66%) by optical shop. Conclusions: Satisfaction of choice for Department and Prospects of future for Department were investigated to be good as a whole.