• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.49-49
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• 2019

국립수목원은 열대유용식물의 BT산업 원천소재 확보 제공을 목적으로 열대자원연구센터를 건립하여, 열대 및 아열대 전시원을 관리하고 있다. 온실의 특성상 일반 재배환경과는 다르게 여러 종류의 식물의 혼합 식재되어 있는 특성이 있어서 농업환경과 달리 해충의 급격한 돌발에 의한 온실 전체적인 피해의 위험성이 적은 반면에 안정된 환경으로 인해서 해충의 취약한 몇몇 수목의 경우 해충이 급격히 늘어날 수 있다. 본 실험은 여러 종류의 식물이 혼재되어 있는 수목 온실 내에서 생물적 방제를 이용하여 주요 해충류인 진딧물류 및 가루 깍지벌레, 잎응애류 방제 가능성을 타진하고자 진행되었다. 진딧물이 집중적으로 발견된 열대식물 5종(Acalypha hispida, Justicia gendarussa, Hamelia patens, Ficus petersii, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis)을 중심으로 천적 방사 및 Banker plant 설치를 진행했다. 최초 조사일인 2015년 3월 10일, Tropical 1에 진딧물류의 발생이 많이 확인되어 포식성 천적인 미끌애꽃노린재를 투입했다. Tropical 2는 2015년 3월 17일 기생성 천적인 콜레마니진디벌과 선발된 Banker plant를 적용하여 방제 되었다. 철모깍지벌레가 발견된 열대식물 3종(Sanchezia parvibracteata, Brillantaisia lamium, Pseuderanthemum atropurpureum)을 중심으로 적용 천적으로 어리줄풀잠자리, 애홍점박이 무당벌레와 깍지무당벌레를 선별했다. 천적을 대상으로 철모깍지벌레에 대한 포식능력을 조사했으며 애홍점박이 무당벌레가 어리줄풀잠자리 보다 2.8배, 깍지무당벌레보다 2.9배 포식능력이 뛰어남을 확인했다. 잎응애류가 발견된 열대식물 2종(Acalypha wilkesiana, Erythrina caffra)은 천적으로 사막이리응애와 칠레이리응애를 적용하였다. 괭이밥응애 성충과 알의 포식력을 검증한 결과 사막이리응애가 괭이밥응애를 먹이로 증식이 가능한 것으로 확인되었다. 괭이밥, 괭이밥응애, 사막이리응애를 효과적으로 조합한 응애류 방제를 위한 새로운 Banker plant의 개발 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. 연구는 열대온실의 열대식물 관리에 대한 생물학적 방제의 지속적인 모니터링을 통해 종합적 방제의 관리 자료로 이용되어 새로이 온실을 조성하는 경우 식재기반조성에 실질적인 도움을 줄 수 있으며, 추후 열대식물의 자원 식물로서의 활용성을 높일 수 있다.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.915-922
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• 2023

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widespread in a variety of environments including fermented dairy products, gastroinstetinal and urogenital tracts of human and animals, plant, soil and water. Leuconostoc mesenteroides DB3 was detected by the strongest antibacterial activities among 24 Leuconostoc strains isolated from Camellia japonica flowers. Acid tolerance of L. mesenteroides DB3 existed up to pH 2.5, but the resistance did not show at pH 2.0, which relatively excellent acid resistance existed. Bile acid tolerance was very stable within the test range to 1.2%. L. mesenteroides DB3 exhibited the optimal growth at 30℃, and showed a slight slow growth when compared with L. mesenteroides KCTC3505, which reached a stationary phase at 18 hr. The pH was changed along with the growth curve, but was maintained above pH 3.98. L. mesenteroides DB3 had higher initial antibacterial activities when compared to L. mesenteroides KCTC3505, but it showed similar activities with the standard strain after the latter part of the logarithmic growth phase. Although lactic acid production in L. mesenteroides DB3 was induced by lower amount in the initial part to the standard strain, it was exhibited by similar amounts after the late logarithmic growth phase. Muicin adhesion of L. mesenteroides DB-3 maintained superior to L. mesenteroides KCTC3505. Both strains showed excellent emulsification ability for kerosene. In summary, we evaluate that L. mesenteroides DB-3 has a high potential for application as probiotics owing to its excellent antibacterial activity, acid resistance, bile acid resistance, and muicin adhesion.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.217-225
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• 2021

The family Platycephalidae is a taxonomic group of economically important demersal flathead fishes that predominantly occupy tropical or temperate estuaries and coastal environments of the Indo-Pacific oceans and the Mediterranean Sea. In this study, we for the first time analyzed the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the flathead Platycephalus cultellatus Richardson, 1846 from Vietnam by Next Generation Sequencing method. Its mitogenome was 16,641 bp in total length, comprising 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer RNA genes. The gene composition and order of the mitogenome were identical to those of typical vertebrates. The phylogenetic trees were reconstructed based on the concatenated nucleotide sequence matrix of 13 PCGs and the partial sequence of a DNA barcoding marker, cox1 in order to determine its molecular phylogenetic position among the order Scorpaeniformes. The phylogenetic result revealed that P. cultellatus formed a monophyletic group with species belonging to the same family and consistently clustered with one nominal species, P. indicus, and two Platycephalus sp. specimens. Besides, the cox1 tree confirmed the taxonomic validity of our specimen by forming a monophyletic clade with its conspecific specimens. The mitogenome of P. cultellatus analyzed in this study will contribute valuable information for further study on taxonomy and phylogeny of flatheads.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.256-265
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• 2023

Chlorothalonil is continuously introduced into the marine environment and has significant toxic effects on various marine organisms, however, research on its effect on seaweed is limited. Therefore, we analyzed the impact of chlorothalonil on the early life stages of major aquaculture species in Korea, Undaria pinnatifida. U. pinnatifida female gametophytes were exposed to different concentrations of chlorothalonil (0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.40 mg L^-1), and their survival rate and relative growth rate were analyzed. The no observed effect concentration (NOEC), lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC), and median lethal concentration (LC50) for female gametophyte survival were determined as 0.05, 0.10, and 0.141(0.121-0.166)mg L^-1. NOEC, LOEC, and median effective concentration (EC50) for relative growth rate were 0.10, 0.20, and 0.124 (0.119-0.131) mg L^-1. Therefore, female gametophytes of U. pinnatifida are expected to experience toxic effects at concentrations above 0.05-0.10 mg L^-1 of chlorothalonil. These research findings are anticipated to serve as crucial reference data for evaluating the effects of chlorothalonil on the health of U. pinnatifida in the early life stages.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.427-438
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• 2023

Biocide dichlofluanid breaks down quickly and accumulates easily in sediment, potentially causing a persistent impact on various marine organisms. We analyzed the potential toxicity of dichlofluanid on major aquaculture species in Korea, Undaria pinnatifida. Female gametophytes of U. pinnatifida were exposed to dichlofluanid at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 mg L^-1, and their survival and relative growth rate were analyzed. The no observed effect concentration(NOEC), lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC), and median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) for female gametophyte survival were determined as 1, 2, and 10.82 (95% CI: 8.87-13.23) mg L^-1, respectively. The NOEC, LOEC, and median effective concentration (EC₅₀) for relative growth rate were 1, 2, and 6.58 (95% CI: 6.03-7.17) mg L^-1, respectively. Female gametophytes of U. pinnatifida were expected to experience toxic effects at concentrations above 2 mg L^-1 of dichlofluanid. These research findings are expected to serve as important reference data for evaluating the toxicity effects of U. pinnatifida in its early life stages when exposed to dichlofluanid.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.305-310
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• 2017

Twelve lactic acid bacteria harboring ${\alpha}$-rhamnosidase (EC 3.2.1.40) activity were isolated from traditional Korean foods. The 6 strains (Weissella confuse [n = 1], Lactobacillus pentosus [n = 1], and Lactobacillus plantarum [n = 4]) with the highest rhamnosidase activity were selected for bioconversion of an extract of wood-cultivated ginseng. The L. plantarum MBE/L2990 strain increased ginsenoside content (0.58 mg for Rg1 and 0.24 mg for Rg5) and showed higher bioconversion activity than the control strain L. plantarum KCTC21004 (56% and 42% increase for Rg1 and Rg5, respectively). L. plantarum MBE/L2990 was deposited at the Korean Collection for Type Cultures as Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC18529P.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.255-267
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• 2021

To understand the composition and community changes of benthic species by water depth (5 m, 20 m, 30 m) in the cage facilities, net substrate made of fish cages were installed at intervals of 2 months from March to September 2019, which is the main period of sessile organism recruitment. Water temperature and salinity varied in the ranges of 1~5℃ and 1~4 mg/L at 5 m from June to August, respectively, and less difference was observed according to water depth in other investigation periods. A total of 37 benthic animals were recruited, and Kamptozoa unid., Caprella scaura and Jassa slatteryi were verified during the entire study period. Mytilus galloprovincialis, a Mediterranean mussel, showed seasonality dominant only from spring to early summer (March to July). The community structure classified by temporal and spatial factors, and Bugula neritina, Kamptozoa unid., and Sertularella sp. contributed to the formation of the community. The depth of 5 m was exposed to environmental changes in water temperature and salinity temporally, so there was a seasonal variation in the composition of the sessile organism, but at depths of 20 m and 30 m, there was less significant environmental change and it showed relatively stable than 5 m.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.44-56
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• 2022

Fish fauna was observed off the coast of Busan (Cheongsapo) and Ulsan (Bangeojin) using underwater visual census from November 2016 to October 2017. A total of 1,486 individuals of 25 species in Cheongsapo and 3,859 individuals of 31 species were identified in Bangeojin. Dominant species in the number of individuals were Trachurus japonicus (20.9%), Halichoeres tenuispinis (12.6%), and Chromis notata (11.9%) in Cheongsapo, Siganus fuscescens (42.0%), Pempheris japonica (8.4%), and Chromis notata (8.0%) in Bangeojin. There was no significant difference in the species composition of Cheongsapo and Bangeojin but spring vs. summer, spring vs. autumn, summer vs. winter, autumn vs. winter showed a significant difference. Contribution species of seasonal differences were commonly high rates by Halichoeres tenuispinis and Parajulis poecilepterus. Of the total 38 species, 17 (44.7%) temperate, 6 (15.8%) tropical, and 15 (39.5%) subtropical species observed coastal waters off Cheongsapo and Bangeojin.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2021

This study aimed to determine the monthly fish species composition in the eelgrass bed of Yeocha on Hansando Island, Korea, and to obtain fish species data by comparison with the nearby Bongam. The species composition was determined from monthly samples collected by a surf net from August 2009 to July 2010. During the survey, total 2,394 individuals of 29 species and 10,378 g of fish were collected. The dominant species were Gymnogobius heptacanthus, followed by Takifugu niphobles, Rudarius ercodes, Chaenogobius annularis, and Ditrema temminckii, accounting for 89% of the total individuals sampled and 83% of the fish biomass collected. The fish assemblages in the eelgrass bed varied seasonally; the number of individual fishes increased in May and was highest in July, whereas the biomass attained its highest level in April and subsequently decreased. This study confirms that the seagrass bed plays an important role as a fish nursery ground, and it is necessary to investigate changes in the coastal fishes of the southern coast via periodic surveys.