• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.133-152
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the wages of workers in the logistics industry and to identify the current status of employment and wages in the logistics industry. Based on this, it sought to find analytical factors on the wages of workers in the logistics industry and explain their impact on the wage gap. The analysis data were interpreted as cross-sectional data from the National Statistical Office over the past decade and the analysis data were set to three types. The results of the analysis could be explained that three factors understood as wage discrimination factors that do not directly affect productivity generally have a significant impact on wage gap among workers in the logistics industry. Air and water transport industries received high salaries due to factors in the industry. The very low-paid sector for that was the land transport industry, and the courier industry as a detailed sector. Due to the nature of job factors, technicians and assistants received lower wages than other jobs. Due to the nature of the company's size factors, companies with 51 or more employees received higher wages than companies with 50 or less employees. In testing the effectiveness of multiple sources of ANOVA, the common 'industry × enterprise size' variable was explained to have a significant effect on gaps in wages for workers in the logistics industry. In addition, the comparison of the influence of the main effects of the three factors put into the analysis model shows that the industry has the most influence.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.222-237
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• 2022

This study was performed to predict change of forestland area in future to 2050 based on System Dynamics Model which is based on feedback loop by causal relationship. As forestland area change in the future depends on potential forestland conversion demands, each demand type of forestland conversion such as agricultural, industrial, public and residential/commercial use was modeled using annual GDP, population, number of household, household construction permission area (1981~2019). In results, all of conversion demands would have continuously decreased to 2050 while residential and commercial land would be reduced from 2034. Due to such shortage, eventually, total of forestland in South Korea would have decreased to 6.18 million ha when compared to current 6.29 million ha. Moreover, the forestland conversion to other use types must be occurred continuously in future because most of forestland is owned privately in South Korea. Such steady decrement of forestland area in future can contribute to the shortage of carbon sink and encumber achievement of national carbon-neutral goal to 2050. If forestland conversion would be occurred inevitably in future according to such change trends of all types, improved laws and polices related to forestland should be prepared for planned use and rational conservation in terms of whole territory management. Therefore, it is needed to offer sufficient incentive, such as tax reduction and payment of ecosystem service on excellent forestland protection and maintenance, to private owners for minimizing forestland conversion. Moreover, active afforestation policy and practice have to be implemented on idle land for reaching national goal 'Carbon Neutral to 2050' in South Korea.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.45-59
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• 2022

This study attempted to investigate how the transformational leadership perceived by flowers of telemarketing organizations. In particular, this study explored the moderating effect of followership in the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational performance. To verify the research model, 321 surveys collected from 10 domestic call centers were analyzed. Reliability, correlation, factor analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis were performed, and as a result of the analysis, it was found that the transformational leadership in the telemarketing organizations had a positive effect on organizational performance. In addition, it was confirmed that goal consistency, proactive participation, critical thinking, and team spirit, which are the four sub-variables of followership, all have a positive (+) effect on organizational performance, and both goal consistency and proactive participation moderate the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational performance. Considering the special working environment of telemarketing organizations, the results of this study suggest the need for a corporate educational role to increase transformational leadership and followership and the need to build environments by setting up an atmosphere for members to exercise follow-up, and opening up communication structures for members to follow.

• Korean small business review
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.75-94
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• 2018

This study captures the possibility that entrepreneurs can become an employee in a traditional organization (a company). Acknowledging that the career change from self-employment to salary-employment is not a trivial decision, we investigate how this career path can be made. As an exploratory approach, we take a social psychological perspective; in particular, we posit that entrepreneurial costs can affect the "getting-back" career decision. Given that career changes can be considered as a boundedly-rational choice, we claim that when the entrepreneurs are perceived as being stigmatized, these transaction-related costs will further engage in the "getting-back" career decision. To test these ideas, we sample 254 respondents from the database of Korea Education & Employment Panel (KEEP) and estimate the hazard ratio that an entrepreneur, who used to be an employee, becomes an employee with respect to entrepreneurial costs. With the results, we discuss how career changes (especially getting back to salary-employment) can be made through social evaluations of the entrepreneurs.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.143-155
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• 2011

Disabled elderly faced with disability and the aged problems at the same time. So, this research creates two research questions and examines. First research question is how nine dimensions of daily life satisfaction according to gender difference. Second research question is how the factor of daily life satisfaction by gender difference. The data is sixty-five disabled elderly, 386 among Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled(PSED, 2008). The methods of analysis for identifying research questions is t-test and multiple linear regression. The result of analysis on first research question, the gender difference six dimensions among nine dimensions of daily life satisfaction come out statistically significant. And The result of analysis on second research question, come out statistically significant, too. Socioeconomic status: the lower class, physical condition: bad health, chronic disease is or not, family and other people's social supports, disability: serious turn out to be factors in common. It has been suggested social policies from the results of studies that the provision of health support policy and program, enlarge assistance on daily life, support system on serious disabled elderly. On the other hand, analysis showed that distinctive factors between disabled elderly man and woman was age and education level. In other words, disabled elderly woman come out into the open that the more grow old, the less daily life satisfaction low, while disabled elderly man appeared higher daily life satisfaction in case of junior and senior high school graduate than uneducated.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.241-263
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• 2023

Recently, the aging of SME managers has emerged as a major issue in business succession. The smooth succession of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which are the industrial base of Korea, is becoming an important issue for enhancing the vitality of the national economy, such as job creation, beyond mere discussion of inheritance. At this point, this study conducted an empirical analysis on the factors affecting corporate succession intention. As independent variables, corporate Capability consisting of employee competency, marketing competency, and digital competency, human factors such as managers, successors, and third-party stakeholders, and institutional factors such as legislation, taxation, and trust were set. In addition, the effect of adjusting the sales scale was verified. To this end, a survey was conducted targeting representatives who are currently running small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The total number of valid questionnaires was 315. Based on this, an empirical analysis was conducted using the hierarchical regression method. The results of the empirical analysis are as follows. First, marketing competency and digital competency, managerial competency and successor competency, taxation and trust had a significant positive (+) effect on corporate succession intention. However, a significant influence relationship between the third stakeholder, employee competency, and corporate succession intention was not tested. Among the factors that have a significant impact, the size of the influence was in the order of taxation, successor competency, executive competency, trust, marketing competency, and digital competency. Second, the size of sales was found to moderate the relationship between the variables that had a significant effect on corporate succession intention, that is, management competency, successor competency, marketing competency, digital competency, taxation and trust, and corporate succession intention. Based on these research results, academic, practical, and institutional implications for smooth business succession are presented.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.105-115
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• 2022

This study aims to investigate the Effect of Money Rush on Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition for college students in Busan and Gyeongnam area. We also examine whether Entrepreneurship has a mediating effect between Money Rush and Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, digital transformation of the industry have greatly changed the world of work, and job insecurity is becoming more prevalent. As income inequality expands due to the disparity in asset income, the Money Rush phenomenon, which prefers to increase asset income through investment rather than earned income, is becoming common. Money Rush secures an income pipeline and is divided into side hustles and investments that actively utilize Leverage to maximize profits. The findings of this study confirm that Money Rush has a positive effect on Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition and a partially positive effect on Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship has a partial mediating effect between Money Rush and Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition. The study analysis is expected to contribute to strengthening college students' competencies in Entrepreneurial Opportunity Recognition and presenting the policy and practical directions necessary to promote Start-up.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.75-93
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• 2024

This study examines the impact of moving to an opportunity-rich area on an individual's wage income to identify the relationship between regional disparities in opportunities throughout a person's life cycle and life outcomes. Based on the Graduate Occupational Mobility Survey (GOMS) provided by the Korea Employment Information Service, individuals with similar life experience prior to regional mobility were selected and analyzed using the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method. Specifically, the life cycle was classified into stages such as pre-high school, university entrance period, and employment period. Then, a path model was established to analyze regional mobility, education, employment, and wage income by life cycle stage. The analysis results indicate that the life cycle stage where regional mobility had the greatest impact on an individual's economic performance, that is, the stage where the impact of opportunity disparities was most unequal, was the university entrance period. Additionally, moving to an opportunity-rich area was a critical factor that cumulatively affected subsequent life. Hence, pre-high school mobility was also noteworthy as it induced life in the central area later on. Lastly, while parental income itself was influential, but when combined with regional mobility, it could act as a means of transferring wealth to the next generation. These results suggest that the state should strive to alleviate the regional imbalance around universities by fostering universities outside the capital region and reduce the possibility of the influence of parents' socio-economic background on regional mobility.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.634-642
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• 2006

This study was performed to investigate the effects of lotus root ethanol extinct (LRE) on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity in vitro, and lipid metabolism in the serum and liver of rate fed normal or high cholesterol diet in vivo. LRE (200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day) was administered only to rats with fed high cholesterol diet for 6 week. We divided into 6 groups: normal diet group (NC), high cholesterol diet group (1% cholesterol and 0.25% sodium cholate)(HC), LRE 200 mg/kg treated group (NC-LREL), LRE 400 mg/kg teated group (NC-LREH), high cholesterol diet and LRE 200 mg/kg treated group (HC-LREL), and high cholesterol diet and LRE 400 mg/kg teated group (HC-LREH). LRE significantly inhibited the HMG-CoA reductase activity in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro. The body weight gain and liver weight of the high cholesterol diet group were higher than the normal diet group whereas the groups administered LRE were gradually decreased. The high cholesterol diet group increased serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, free cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels, and decreased atherogenic index, HDL-cholesterol and phospholipid levels as compared with the normal diet group. LRE administrated groups were increased in serum HDL-C/T-C, HDL-cholesterol and phospholipid levels, and decreased serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, free cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels as compared with the high cholesterol diet group. These effect of LRE within the high cholesterol diet groups were concentration-dependent manners. There were no differences in the levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, phopholipid, HDL-cholesterol and free cholesterol between normal diet groups. The hepatic LRE administrated groups than in the high cholesterol diet group. Teken together, it is suggested that LRE exerts hypocholesterolemic effect by reducing serum cholesterol concentration in rats with high cholesterol diet-induced hypercholesterolemia.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.33-62
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• 2005

This study aims to explain the current upheaval in marriage that many young Korean men and women postpone or deny their marriage. In order to explain the delayed marriage, we need to understand the taste by which men and women choose their partners, the opportunity by which they find their ideational half in reality, and the context in which these values and opportunities of marriages intersect. This study examines the way in which the value and opportunities of marriage among Korean men and women have intersected differently in the changing economic conditions. Using KLIPS(Korea Labor Income Panel Survey, 1998-2002), differential effects of education and occupational status on marital time according to marriage cohort and gender are analyzed. Results find that the opportunity of marriage among men turns out to have been stratified significantly according to their educational achievement and labor status since the 1990s. For women, education and economic activities are likely to influence marriage decision in a discordant way; during the period of 1990-997, highly educated women are more likely than their counterparts to be married earlier while there is no significant difference according to economic activities. This implies that status homogamy has been intensified since the 1990s and many women with high motivation for social status are able to achieve a vicarious social status through marriage in a prosperous economy. For women married after 1998, however, the educational effect is insignificant but economic activity contributes to delaying marriage. This suggests that under the economic restructuring since the late 1990s, the constraint of opportunities finding decent jobs particularly for men results in the contingent change in women's perception about family roles and economic activities by reducing their expectation to achieve a vicarious status through marriage, but increasing their motive for their own economic activities.