• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.255-275
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• 2013

The purpose of the study is to examine compliance criteria for documents of the Letter of Credit(L/C) by the Korean Supreme Court in practical use. The judgement criteria of the court in documents' examination is supported by the doctrine of strict compliance. And, in examination of documents by the Supreme Court, the difference between documents presented and the credit should be followed by the allowance of international standard banking practices. In this case, the Supreme Court makes a reference for ICC's opinion or decision proposed as the international standard banking practices, or otherwise admit by exploring the practices. However, when documents reviewing by the bankers' auditors, it is very difficult for them to judge in a short time due to the lack of high level of knowledges and insights. As shown the cases of this study, the doctrine of strict compliance of an L/C be relaxed, and most of the recent precedents be ruled by the exception of the doctrine. Because, therefore, it is difficult for to documents reviewers of bank to judge these consistencies, conducting arbitrary document review will be inevitable. As a result, it will be difficult for banks and applicants to ensure the strictness of the documents, and free use of L/Cs in international transactions will be avoided. Finally, the expanded usage of the electronic negotiation system that simplifies the highly difficult compliance criteria to ensure the strictness of documents will be needed, and not only be eradicated the acts of arbitrary documents examination practices, but also be promoted the freely usage of L/Cs.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.141-145
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• 1977

This study was conducted from 1974 to 1977 at Chedong Animal Farm in Che-Ju to determine the effect of sex of calves, birth year and season, breeds and crossing methods on the birth weight of cattle. A total of 1020 calves from Angus, Charolais, Hereford breeds and their crossbred were used for the study and least square methods was applied to analysis the data. Birth weight of male calves was 1kg heavier than that of female. Highly significant differences were obtained in the effects of birthyear on the birth weight, i.e. the cattle born in 1976 and 1977 was 0.9 and 0.2kg heavier in birth weight than those born in 1975. The cattle born in 1974, when the farm was established, was 1.7kg lighter than those in 1975. The calves born in the spring and the summer was 0.6 and 0.3kg heavier in birth weight than those born in the winter. The calves born in the fall was 0.9kg lighter than the calves born in the winter. In birth weight, Charolais breed were 0.4kg heavier than those from Hereford breed. Angus breed were 1.1kg lighter than Hereford. The crossbred between Charolais and Hereford breed were 1.5kg heavier than the Hereford. The birth weight of calves from Angus and Hereford crossbred and Angus and Charolais crossbred were 0.6 and 0.4kg lighter, than Hereford breed respectively.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.21-46
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to find impacts of financial activities-financing and investment of Venture Firms during pre-listing periods on the firms' Venture Firm's listing(delisting). The several ratios financial variables relevant to the financing and investment were examined whether there are difference or not between two venture firms groups. The results of study can be summarized as follows. First, the firms of successful group have fewer numbers of equity financing and higher times of premium in issuing stocks than those of failed firms but there is no significant difference in the required time from startup to listing the KOSDAQ. Second, there is no significant difference in the ratio of capital increase in IPO between two groups but additional survey reveals that the successful firms financed equity in IPO by higher numbers of premium than failed firms, which can makes the major shareholder of the successful firms maintain high rayios share of stock. Third, the ratio of working capital investment of the successful firms is significantly higher than that of failed firms, on the other hand the failed firms' ratios of equipment and repayment investment are higher than those of successful firms. Finally, the ratio of R&D investment has no difference between two groups, this result is against the expectation, which is to be further analyzed.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.55-74
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• 2018

China joined the WTO in 2001, and the Chinese market are growing at a rapid pace in the M&A Market. This Research is an Empirical analysis of China's leadership that subdivides leadership style and is an study on the effects of globalization on leadership and job satisfaction in the globalization as moderation variable. The significance of this study is to Refer to the direction of Chinese investments. This paper places emphasis on the change in Chinese organizational culture as a result of globalization and explores the influence of leadership on job satisfaction and turnover intention by using data from MBA students data of Wuhan City, 178 observations. And all of the data were analyzed using both the multiple regression analysis and the moderated regression analysis as well. Results of the empirical test are suggested as follow. First, transactional, transformational and servant leadership have a positive influence on job satisfaction. But it can't find the significant relationship between leadership and turnover intention. Second, there has a significant result that globalization on leadership is partially via the influence of job satisfaction. The result of the moderated regression analysis through the globalization as moderation variable is that globalization strengthens a positive influence on between transformational, emotional leadership and job satisfaction. On the other hand, In the case of this hypothesis that globalization will have mediating effect in the pathway between leadership and turnover intention, I expect that globalization strengthens a negative influence on turnover intention as dependent variable. But The result of the moderated regression analysis through the globalization as moderation variable is that globalization strengthens a positive influence on transactional, transformational, emotional and servant leadership.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.263-271
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• 2016

This study aimed at comprehending the duty, role, and difficulty of intermediary manager through in-depth investigation of dental hygienist intermediary managers experienced over 10 years working in a dental clinic. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 dental intermediary managers and Giorgi's analysis method was used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that the work experience of the dental hygienist intermediary managers appeared in the range of "becoming an intermediary manager through various processes", "various duties that they experience as an intermediary manager", "difficulty as an intermediary manager", "ability that they perceive as necessary for being a dental intermediary manager", and "worthiness they feel as the intermediary manager". The dental intermediary managers complained of difficulties at work, and appeared to perform various tasks such as human resource management, clinic management support, and patient's management. Accordingly, the researcher considers that research on dental intermediary managers' capacity development necessary.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.179-192
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• 2020

High school credit system refers to a system in which a student selects the desired content according to his/her subject and completes accumulated credits to reach graduation when a certain standard is reached. The purpose of this study is to identify the advantages and disadvantages to the technology and home economics education after the introduction of the high school credit system by analyzing the status of high school elective subjects in technology and home economics areas, and the perceptions and needs of teachers and experts as the introduction of the high school credit system approaches. A survey was conducted to all professors in the Department of Home Economics Education or Technology Education, along with a national sample of the secondary school teachers of Home Economics and Technology, and responses of 282 teachers and 36 experts were analyzed. Results are as follows: First, in general high schools, the formation and operation of elective courses in technical and home economics were very insufficient. Second, there was a large number of requests for the expansion of elective courses in technology and home economics among the high school teachers. Third, in order to take advantage of the high school credit system, it was recognized that elective courses in technology and home economics should be established not only in consideration of secondary school education, but in relation to their connections with majors in universities. Improving the structure of electives in this direction is expected to play a positive role in allowing elective courses in technology and home economics to contribute to ensuring students' free choice.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.271-283
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to make analyses on the importance and performance of the foodservice management, foodservice service, and the courses related to coffee in the colleges providing a coffee related curriculum, in order to determine which courses are required in the education programs for employees needed by the coffee restaurants as the employers' viewpoint. The analysis methods were frequency analysis, T-test and IPA analysis. The result are as followings. First, the performance was lower than the importance when it comes to importance and performance with the coffee related courses recognized by the staff in the coffee restaurants, particularly with a big gap in the theory of cost control and coffee theory. Second, in the IPA analysis of the importance and performance of the curriculum, quadrant - I as a weak item includes the cost control, foodservice marketing, and coffee theory courses. Quadrant - II includes the foodservice, coffee extraction practice, Espresso, Caffe Latte and Cappuccio, and Latte Art courses. Pertaining to the quadrant - III are those courses lack of the necessity, including the foodservice management, foodservice franchise, practical English in service, and coffee roasting. Quadrant - IV contains those course of less importance but of higher performance such as the practicum work experience. As part of limitations of study, specialties of staffs working for coffee franchise shops were not reflected due to lacking in pre-conducted studies and the samples couldn't be recognized to represent all coffee franchise shops since the sampling districts were restricted only to Seoul metropolitan area.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2011

This study investigated the relationship between learning strategies and achievements of the students in the department of health science, and differences between higher academic achievers and lower academic achievers in the use of the learning strategies. The results were as follows. First, there was a correlation between academic achievements and self-efficacy and power of execution in the personality area. Second, there was a positive correlation between academic achievements and academic motivation, a negative correlation between academic achievements and avoidnat motivation, in the motivation area. Third. there was a correlation between academic achievements and all 8 factors in the behavior area. In the use of learning strategies, there was a difference found in self-efficacy and the power of execution between the higher academic achievers and the lower academic achievers. It also was found that the lower academic achievers perceived more depression, showed remarkably lower motivation and higher avoidance motivation, than the higher academic achievers. Lastly, the lower academic achievers was lagged behind noticeably compared to the higher academic achievers in the ability of using all factors of the behavior area.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 2020

The social statistic was used to top 250 Korean and Japanese YouTube channels based on the number of subscribers examine its channel type (private/corporations/others), distribution of contents and private YouTube channels' date of registration. The channel examination was also used to provide practical hint to create new Youtube contents. According to the statistics, Korean channels were mainly managed by K-Culture related companies for the promotional purpose, whereas Japanese channels were mainly managed by individuals with a variety of contents. It is presumed that Japanese individuals have been engaged in creating individual video content since the early period through video uploading platforms other than YouTube such as Niconico Douga. Since the expansion of the YouTube market will continue, it is important not only to reinforce corporations' marketing on YouTube but also to promote the uniqueness and the diversity of YouTube content for the individuals to improve the economical, sentimental, and informational contents in order to create socially effective personal contents that can be competitive in the global market.

• 전기의세계
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.3-5
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• 1975

우리 인간은 그들이 개발한 과학과 기술에 의하여 자연 중에 존재하는 많은 자원을 그들의 생활에 도움이 되는 물체로 바꾸어 왔고 각종 에너지를 그들이 필요로 하는 형태로 바꾸었으며 또 그들이 사는 환경을 더욱 안락하도록 개조하여 왔다. 인간에 계속해서 현재와 같이 생활상태를 향상시키며 번영을 시도한다면 과학기술개발은 영원히 계속될 것이다. 이 과학기술개발에 관한 노력은 과거에는 가치관의 차이로 국가간의 노력의 차이가 있었으나 현재는 선후진국을 막론하고 과학기술에 의한 공업진흥이 국가사회의 경제개발의 원동력이며 그 생활향상의 열쇠가 된다는 것을 다 깨닫고 있다. 이와 같은 과학기술과 인간생활과의 숙명적인 관계중에서도 전기학술과 인간관계는 타과학과의 관계보다 훨씬 깊은 바가 있다. 우리는 호수에 물의 위치 에너지, 석탄이 가지고 있는 열에너지, 바람이 가지고 있는 운동에너지 등을 비롯하여 최근에 발견된 원자에너지까지도 이를 전기에너지로 변환시켜서 이용하고 있다. 장래 어떠한 에너지가 새로 개발되더라도 전기에너지로 변환되어 현재와 같이 우리 생활에 기여할 것은 틀림없다. 이는 전기에너지의 사용편리성으로 볼 때 이의를 제기할 사람은 없을 것이다. 따라서 각종에너지를 전기에너지로 바꾸는 발전기술과 이 장치의 제조공업, 이를 수요지까지 수송하는 송변전기술과 이 장치의 제조공업, 공장에서 사용되는 전기기기들의 운전사용기술과 가정에서 소요되는 전기기기의 제조공업 이상 전기공업의 여러 방치에 소요되는 원자재의 제조공업 등 소위 전기기술은 인간생활과 절대 불가분의 기술이며 앞으로도 인류의 존재와 더불어 영원한 발전을 계속할 것이다. 전기기술발전없이 인간사회와 국가의 산업발전을 기대한다는 것은 어리석은 일이라 아니할 수 없다. 가까운 장래 우리나라 계통이 당면하여야 할 계통제어에 관한 몇가지 문제를 고찰하고저 한다. 단 개개의 문제에 관한 구체적인 해석 또는 검토에 관하여는 다음 기회에 미루기로하고, 우선 여기서는 당면문제로서 대처하지 않으면 안될 자동주파수제어문제및 계통의 경제운용문제만에 한정하여, 이것을 우리나라의 현상과 관련시켜 개설하고, 이들의 자동화에 관한 기본적인 문제를 간단히 적어 보겠다. 가능하다. 제작완료된 ASIC은 기능시험을 완료했으며 실제 line-of-sight(LOS) 시스템 구현에 적용중이다. 시대를 살아 갈 회원들이다. '컨텐츠의 시대'가 개막되는 것이며, 신세기통신과 SK텔레콤은 선의의 경쟁 과 협력을 통해 이동인터넷 서비스의 컨텐츠를 개발해 나가게 될 것이다. 3배가 높았다. 효소 활성에 필수적인 물의 양에 따른 DIAION WA30의 라세미화 효율에 관하여 실험한 결과, 물의 양이 증가할수록 그 효율은 감소하였다. DIAION WA30을 라세미화 촉매로 사용하여 아이소옥탄 내에서 라세믹 나프록센 2,2,2-트리플로로에틸 씨오에스터의 효소적 DKR 반응을 수행해 보았다. 그 결과 DIAION WA30을 사용하지 않은 경우에 비해 반응 전환율과 생성물의 광학 순도는 급격히 향상되었다. 전통적 광학분할 반응의 최대 50%라는 전환율의 제한이 본 연구에서 찾은 DIAION WA30을 첨가함으로써 성공적으로 극복되었다. 또한 고체 염기촉매인 DIAION WA30의 사용은 라세미화 촉매의 회수 및 재사용이 가능하게 해준다.해준다.다. TN5 세포주를 0.2 L 규모 (1 L spinner flask)oJl에서 세포간의 응집현상 없이 부유배양에 적응,배양시킨 후 세포성장 시기에 따른 발현을 조사한 결과 1 MOI의