• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.105-107
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• 1978

Considering the prime z-filters on a topological space X through the structures of the ring C(X) of continuous functions. a prime z-filter is uniquely determined by a primary z-ideal in the ring C(X), i. e., they have a one-to-one correspondence. Any primary ideal is contained in a unique maximal ideal in C(X). Denoting $\mathfrak{F}(X)$, $\mathfrak{Q}(X)$, 𝔐(X) the prime, primary-z, maximal spectra, respectively, $\mathfrak{Q}(X)$ is neither an open nor a closed subspace of $\mathfrak{F}(X)$.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.595-612
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• 2019

In this paper, we introduce the concept of ${\beta}$-fuzzy filters in MS-algebras and ${\beta}$-fuzzy filters are characterized in terms of boosters. It is proved that the lattice of ${\beta}$-fuzzy filters is isomorphic to the fuzzy ideal lattice of boosters.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.455-470
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• 2005

This paper introduces compactness notions for frames which are expressed in terms of the convergence of suitably specified general filters. It establishes several preservation properties for them as well as their coreflectiveness in the setting of regular frames. Further, it shows that supercompact, compact, and $Lindel{\ddot{o}}f$ frames can be described by compactness conditions of the present form so that various familiar facts become consequences of these general results. In addition, the Prime Ideal Theorem and the Axiom of Countable Choice are proved to be equivalent to certain conditions connected with the kind of compactness considered here.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.170-178
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• 1984

12채널의 TDM/FDM變換時間을 단축시키기 위하여 14點高速DCT와 多相回路를 사용하였다. 이러한 多相回路는 原試型필터를 各채널의 채널 필터로 變換하여 設計되었고 原試型필터에 대하여 分子의 次數는 168次로 對稱性을 갖도록 하였고 分母의 次數는 6次로 하여 CCITT規定을 만족하도록 하였다. 變換에 필요한 곱셈回數는 $0.12267{\times}10^2$ multiplications/sec channel로써 기존의 결과보다 약 15%~40% 단축하였다. 또한 간단한 檢波시스템을 포함하여 PRIME750컴퓨터에 의한 시뮬레이션過程을 거쳐 理論의 타당성이 확인되었다.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2007

In this paper we introduce the concept of fuzzy ${\beta}-compact^*$ spaces. Besides giving some interesting properties of fuzzy ${\beta}-compact^*$ spaces we also give a characterization on fuzzy $\beta$-compact spaces by making use of newly introduced concept of fuzzy $\beta$-filters.

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.100.2-100.2
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• 2014

The DOTIFS is a new multi-object Integral Field Spectrograph (IFS) planned to be designed and built by the Inter-University Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune, India, (IUCAA) for cassegrain side port of the 3.6m Devasthal Optical Telescope (DOT) being constructed by the Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Nainital. (ARIES) It is a multi-integral field unit (IFU) spectrograph which has 370-740nm wavelength coverage with spectral resolution R~1200-2400. Sixteen IFUs with microlens arrays and fibers can be deployed on 8 arcmin field. Each IFU has $8.7^{{\prime}{\prime}}{\times}7.4^{{\prime}{\prime}}$ field of view with 144 spaxel elements. 2304 fibers coming from IFUs are dispersed by eight identical spectrographs with all refractive and all spherical optics. In this work, we show optical design of the DOTIFS spectrograph. Expected performance and result of tolerance and thermal analysis are also shown. The optics is comprised of f=520mm collimator, broadband filter, dispersion element and f=195mm camera. Pupil size is determined as 130mm from spectral resolution and budget requirements. To maintain good transmission down to 370nm, calcium fluoride elements and high transmission optical glasses have been used. Volume Phase Holographic grating is selected as a dispersion element to maximize the grating efficiency and to minimize the size of the optics. Detailed optics design report had been documented. The design was finalized through optical design review and now ready for order optics.

• 호남수학학술지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2005

The notion of expansions of filters in $R_0$-algebras is introduced. Also the notion of ${\sigma}$-primary filters in $R_0$-algebras is discussed.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:데이타베이스
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.421-431
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• 2008

최근 이질적인 시스템 사이에서의 정보교환의 표준으로 널리 사용되는 XML을 사용하는 Publish/Subscribe 시스템의 스트리밍 XML 데이타 필터링 기법이 활발히 연구되었다. 스트리밍 XML 데이타 필터링 기법은 사용자가 등록한 질의에 대해서 신속한 질의-데이타 매칭을 목적으로 하기 때문에 효율적인 질의 처리 메커니즘이 요구된다. 현재까지 대부분의 연구는 질의 경로 표현식의 부분적인 공유를 꾀하거나 프레디킷을 효율적으로 처리함으로써 질의 처리의 시간적, 공간적 효율을 목적으로 하였다. 하지만 만약 질의간의 포함 관계를 알 수 있다면 질의 처리시에 가장 하위의 질의가 매칭되면 그 질의를 포함하고 있는 상위의 질의들은 별도의 처리 과정 없이 매칭됨을 알 수 있게 된다. 이러한 질의 포함 관계를 이용한 질의 처리 방식은 XML 스트리밍 데이타를 처리하는 또 하나의 효율적 방식이 될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 소수 인덱싱 기법과 목표 질의 노드 중심의 포함 관계 설정에 기반하여 효율적인 스트리밍 XML 데이타 필터링을 수행하는 새로운 방법을 소개한다. 그리고 몇 가지 실험을 통하여 기존 방법과의 비교 분석 및 효율성을 보인다. 비록 각각의 실험은 서로 다른 실험 요소에 대하여 수행되었지만, 모두 제안 방법이 기존의 방법보다 두 배 이상 더 나은 성능을 가짐을 보여 주었다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.403-411
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• 2012

This study presents the nano-sized particle emission characteristics from a small turbocharged common rail diesel engine applicable to prime and auxiliary machines on marine vessels. The experiments were conducted under dynamic engine operating conditions, such as steady-state, cold start, and transient conditions. The particle number and size distributions were analyzed with a high resolution PM analyzer. The diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) had an insignificant effect on the reduction in particle number, but particle number emissions were drastically reduced by 3 to 4 orders of magnitude downstream of the diesel particulate filter (DPF) at various steady conditions. Under high speed and load conditions, the particle filtering efficiency was decreased by the partial combustion of trapped particles inside the DPF because of the high exhaust temperature caused by the increased particle number concentration. Retarded fuel injection timing and higher EGR rates led to increased particle number emissions. As the temperature inside the DPF increased from $25^{\circ}C$ to $300^{\circ}C$, the peak particle number level was reduced by 70% compared to cold start conditions. High levels of nucleation mode particle generation were found in the deceleration phases during the transient tests.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -2
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• pp.860-863
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• 2002

Realizations of multirate converters are proposed using periodically time-varying (PTV) structures. By exploiting the computational redundancy of the filtering operation in a multirate filter, it is possible to implement the filter with much less hardware. In the proposed implementations, several coefficients time-share in a periodic fashion the hardware of one multiply-and-add. Therefore, each multiply-and-add circuit performs different coefficient scalings at different time instants within a period. Compared to the direct form realization, the proposed realizations reduce the hardware of an interpolator and a decimator by a factor of approximately U and M, respectively, while retaining the same processing speed, where U and M are the upsampling and downsampling factors, respectively. The approach can be used to obtain realizations for sampling rate conversion by a rational factor of U/M, where U and M are relatively prime, in which case hardware reduction by a factor of approximately UM can be achieved.