The current bra market and the purchasing behavior of women of the MZ generation in Korea are reviewed in this study. Therefore, basic data for bra product planning for women of the MZ generation are presented by investigating the wearing status and satisfaction. Through online surveys, 272 questionnaires were obtained and were analyzed through frequency analysis, cross-analysis, t-test, and variance analysis. Generation M and Generation Z share digital culture, but, due to age differences, they are compared by generation. There was, however, little significant difference between these groups. In addition, there was no significant difference between groups when factoring for the time of wearing, place of purchase, and material of bras. However, there were big differences between groups depending on whether bras had wires, lace, and their size, especially in body correction items. According to the results, it is pointless to target each generation when making a bra. Also, the young generation consumers are more interested in functionality than in the design compared to 10 years ago. It will improve consumer satisfaction if two different types of bras are produced; one that corrects the body and one that fits well even if the body is less corrected.

As consumers are increasingly shopping online for fashion products, their return behavior is also increasing. Regarding the factors affecting return behavior, this study explores the effect of the purchasing orientation considering returns that are derived from bracketing purchase behavior, monetary lenient return policies, and non-monetary lenient return policies. Additionally, this study examines the effect of monetary/non-monetary lenient return policies on return behavior, mediated by the purchasing orientation considering returns. This study was conducted through an online survey and 238 data were collected and used for analysis. Two research models were designed for each independent variable of monetary lenient return policies, and non-monetary lenient return policies, and the path of the research model was analyzed using Process Macro 4.0. The study found that the sub-dimensions of return policy - monetary or non-monetary return policies - had different effects on return behavior through purchasing orientation considering returns. Monetary lenient return policies had a positive direct effect on return behavior, and purchasing orientation considering returns mediated the effect of the monetary lenient return policies on return behavior. However, the non-monetary lenient return policies only positively and significantly directly affected return behavior. The findings of this study contribute to understanding consumers' purchasing orientation considering returns. Furthermore, from the effect of the return policy on return behavior, the results are valuable as they can help fashion marketers establish a return strategy.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of technical acceptance factors of Chinese MZ generation consumers' use of online fashion platforms on behavioral intentions and usage behavior, and to determine whether satisfaction plays an additional role in the relationship between behavioral intentions and usage behavior. The research results can be summarized as follows. First, among the technology acceptance factors that influence Generation MZ consumers when they use online fashion platforms, it was found that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, price value, habit, and content quality significantly influence the behavioral intention to use online fashion platforms. Second, the facilitating conditions and the platform usage intention of Chinese Generation MZ consumers directly and significantly influence the usage behavior on online fashion platforms. In contrast, it was confirmed that habit does not significantly influence actual usage behavior. Third, this study confirmed the moderating effect of satisfaction on the relationship between behavioral intention and usage behavior on online fashion platforms. This research, which proposes a research model explaining the usage intention and behavior of online fashion platforms based on UTAUT2, integrating not only the organizational aspect but also the consumer aspect to empirically verify the usage intention and the final usage behavior from the general consumer's perspective, has academic significance.

The rapid development of digital technology is diversifying the fashion industry by influencing both the manufacturing processes and the characteristics of fashion products. Although various smart clothing technologies are being developed as part of the government's technology development policy, the number of smart clothing products available to consumers in stores remains very limited. To address this issue, this study analyzes the key attributes of smart clothing as expressed in consumer language. The CIT (Critical Incident Technique) research method was used, and data were collected through an online survey. The study focuses on identifying potential factors that may influence the development direction or strategy of smart clothing. By classifying past experiences and attitudes towards smart clothing into positive and negative categories, it was found that positive responses to smart clothing were heavily influenced by expectations from technology and convenience. Participants' experience with smart technology has had a positive impact on their evaluation of smart clothing. Consumers with negative attitudes towards smart clothing expressed expectations for new benefits resulting from technological development, and indicated that they would consider purchasing such clothing in the future when design and technology improve. Ultimately, this study provides a valuable reference for the development of smart clothing products in Korea by analyzing consumer experiences and acceptance conditions towards smart clothing.

In the diverse modern era, individuals are actively striving to develop and demonstrate their capabilities . As a means of cultivating interest in hanbok and differentiatedabilities , there exists a national qualification verification for hanbok technician. This study focuses on using Saekdong-jeogori pattern that is suitable for design and allows for accurate pattern production in a short time for beginners taking the practical test for hanbok technicians. We analyzed five experimental Saekdong-jeogori patterns, from which the final patterns for research were derived through appearance tests on the first table evaluation and the second outfit evaluation. The Saekdong-jeogori pattern-1 for research utilized the body values presented by beginners taking the hanbok technician qualification verification, while the rest were calculated or applied using equivalents. The godae point and armhole depth were calculated based on the chest circumference, and the armhole curve, sleeve shape, doryeon line, and sleeve-end were drawn, regardless of the changes in the figures, using equal parts. The Saekdong-jeogori pattern-2 provided activity by vertically lowering the side line from the end of the armhole, and the keotseop line was drawn by moving 1 cm from the width of the Kit to the armhole line. The seopko was raised 0.2 cm from the keotseop reference line and0.2cm , and was supplemented by its connection to a natural curve.

Consumers are addressing the issue of dimensional dissatisfaction by repairing clothes, experimenting with style changes, and looking for cost-effective solutions that result in better-fitting garments. This study investigated the repair status by type of clothing, analyzed the method and frequency of repair by type of clothing category and season, and analyzed consumer redesign activities. The findings revealed that upper garments, such as T-shirts, jumpers, jackets, dress shirts, and dresses, were frequently repaired. The common modifications to upper garments included(in order of frequency) shortening sleeve length, shortening overall length, reducing garment width, zipper repair, and adjusting sleeve width. Lower garments, such as pants, jeans, skirts, and training pants, followed in terms of repair frequency. The modifications to lower garments included(in order of frequency) shortening length, reducing width, adjusting waist width (both narrowing and widening), replacing elastic bands, zipper repair, and lengthening. Repairs were more frequently conducted in the order of autumn, winter, spring, and summer. Repair methods varied depending on the clothing type and alterations involved to the length and width of garments and the replacement or removal of old sections. Redesigning clothing as a recycling method was found to enhance the cost-effectiveness of the collection. The study further confirmed the sustainability aspect of redesigning and reusing clothing.

The rising demand for fashion do-it-yourself (DIY) products that cater to individual preferences and which allow for creative expression has highlighted the need for systematic organization within the clothing society. This study addresses this gap by identifying and discussing clothing DIY packages and proposes a systematic package model comprising essential raw materials, commercial patterns, and production instructions. Four key elements have been emphasized to differentiate and enhance the product. Firstly, highly practical commercial patterns have been developed to facilitate easy transformations - from blouses to dresses. Furthermore, the versatility of these patterns has been optimized so as to allow their utilization as outerwear, increasing their efficiency. Secondly, to accommodate diverse body shapes, the package offers six different sizes, providing users with a range of options tailored to their specific measurements. Thirdly, detailed production instructions are provided, supplemented by a Q&A bulletin board. The instructions are available in a printed format, featuring actual photographs on A4 paper, while video production instructions are accessible via a QR code, ensuring comprehensive guidance. Lastly, the basic package comprises clothing patterns, production instructions, fabrics, and labels, providing a complete toolkit for clothing DIY enthusiasts. This study aims to contribute to the development of the hobby sewing field and to establish a practical resource for the clothing DIY package industry.

The purpose of this study is to develop clothing customized for dealing with patients with severe dementia. Based on the results of previous studies, The research patient clothing was designed to reduce the physical fatigue experienced by caregivers when dressing and undressing patients by changing the position and shape of the split in the patient's clothing. This study used qualitative and quantitative methods to measure the extent to which these modifications improved the ease of dressing and undressing the research patient. The research patient clothing was developed by moving the rear-center zipper to the side and changing the zipper from being half-open to fully open. Muscle energy consumption and fatigue generation were analyzed using EMG signals at the following sites: brachioradialis, biceps, triceps, anterior deltoid, medial deltoid, posterior deltoid, upper trapezius and erector spinae. Results indicated that the modified research patient clothing required less muscle energy and the occurrence of muscle fatigue decreased overall compared to traditional patient clothing. This was supported by the qualitative subjective evaluation, which revealed that dressing and undressing was easier with the modified clothing. In conclusion, repositioning of the back zipper to the side and the fully open slit shape significantly reduced caregiver fatigue when dressing and undressing patients.

This study aims to investigate the moderating effect of appearance confidence in the relationship between the expected value of appearance management and beauty management behavior of college students. For data collection, 300 questionnaires were distributed among the students of a 4-year university in Gwangju, Republic of Korea from April 12 to 22, 2022; 273 copies were collected, and 259 copies were used as the final sample. SPSS 21.0 was used to analyze the collected data, and the results were as follows. First, the expected value of appearance management had a positive (+) effect on beauty management behavior. Second, the expected value of appearance management had a statistically significant positive (+) effect on beauty management behavior. Taken together, the results of the study show that the higher the level of social internalization, play and sympathy values, and appearance confidence of the expected value of appearance management, the higher the college students' beauty management behavior. Taken together, the results of the study show that the higher the level of social internalization, play conformity value, and appearance confidence of the expected value of appearance management, the higher the college students' beauty management behavior. This was confirmed to act as a reinforcing mechanism.

Recently, the use of one-person broadcast content for special makeup videos has gained momentum. This study aims to analyze the factors preferred by various age groups as the total number of clicks increase on special makeup videos. It also aims to provide beauty creators with useful data to help them create videos that generate more clicks based on the derived elements. We analyzed previous studies and divided the subjective indicators into place & accessories, editing, model (Y/N), contents and field, and characteristics of the creators. We analyzed top 5 videos from among 257 videos uploaded before July 1, 2020. The subjective indicators were analyzed through a questionnaire survey attempted by 60 respondents in their 10-30s from Jeollanam-do and Gwangju between July 20 to August 31, 2020. The questions majorly focused on intimacy, attractiveness, professionalism, informativity, and playfulness. We analyzed the collected data using SPSS 21.0, and obtained the following results: Informativity, professionalism, attractiveness, and playfulness were considered to be more influential by those aged 10 to 30 years. In particular, factors like visual elements, linguistic characteristics, experts, background music and sound effects, celebrities, product information, and knowhow were most preferred. In fact, it was easy to make videos using these elements. The above results confirmed the utility of such data for beauty-creators-to-be in creating videos that generate more clicks.

Recently, with the development of IT technology, interest in mobile applications has increased, and as products and contents that go beyond existing services are released in the beauty industry, interest is steadily increasing. Accordingly, various studies have been conducted, but studies analyzing the functions of beauty applications have been insufficient. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the functions of beauty applications and help in the development and development of future beauty applications. The research method analyzed the functions of beauty applications that have been downloaded more than 100 million through the Google Play Store, and the search period was from October 11, 2020 to November 3, 2020. As a result of the study, it was found that there is a difference in the name of the function, the function being provided, and the application method of the function for each application. As a result of function analysis, a total of 36 functions were classified, and it was analyzed that 30 functions were provided in YCM, 14 functions in YCP, 21 functions in BP, and 10 functions in SS. Therefore, by analyzing the functions of beauty applications through this study, we intend to provide useful data in the future development of beauty applications and help in the development of beauty applications.

In this study, the efficacy of ultrasonic washing in cotton and wool fabrics was compared and evaluated against conventional washing in terms of cleaning properties and fabric deformation. Factors such as washing temperature, time, liquid ratio, and detergent concentration were kept varied, and the cleaning properties of sebum-soiled fabrics were assessed using different detergents such as alcohol ethoxylate, linear alkylbenzenesulfonate, and IEC 60456 Reference Detergent A^*. In addition, the effects and emulsification power of enzymes and oxygen bleach were examined. To compare the cleaning properties with general washing, a launder-O-meter was used. To investigate fabric deformation during the washing process, the loosening test cloth, shrinkage test cloth, and mechanical strength test cloth were compared between ultrasonic washing machines and household drum washing machines. The results indicate that ultrasonic washing exhibits superior cleaning properties than launder-O-meter when the temperature is low and the washing time is short. Furthermore, there is less deformation and damage during the washing process. It was also observed that the activity of the detergent increases when ultrasonic waves are applied to the washing process. Considering the increasing tendency to pursue convenience and simplicity in clothing management as well as the anticipated commercialization of smart clothing with built-in electric circuits, ultrasonic laundry could serve as a new alternative to existing laundry methods.

Smart clothing products can experience a decrease in performance and reliability due to various mechanical, biological, and chemical stress factors that occur throughout their life cycle. These issues can hinder consumer acceptance of the products. This study aims to enhance the reliability of smart clothing and facilitate quality control by analyzing and identifying the current status of international standardization for smart clothing and electronic textiles (e-textiles). The focus of this analysis was on the durability test methods in the use environment. Furthermore, similar standards published by different standardization organizations for durability tests were compared in depth. The study showed that a total of 27 international standards have been developed or are currently under development. The current standardization efforts mainly aim to develop functionality and durability test methods for smart clothing and e-textile products. A detailed comparison was made between two international standards (IEC 63023-204-1:2023 and AATCC TM210:2019) specifically in relation to the washing durability test method and the electrical resistance measurement standards (BS EN 16812:2016 vs AATCC EP13-2021), before and after the environmental exposure tests. Based on this comparison, several suggestions have been made and discussed for the future revision of these international standards.