국내에서 많이 사용되는 한약재 51종을 극성에 따라 4가지 용매로 분획한 후 안지오텐신 전환 요소 활성도 억제를 검색한 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 202종의 분획중 $400{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$의 농도에서 안지오텐신 전환효소 활성도를 50% 이상 억제한 추출물 수는 26종이었고, 90% 이상 억제한 추출물 수는 4종이었다. 2. 대부분 추출물의 $IC_{50}$ 수치는 $300-400{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ 이었으나 택사의 물층, 황련의 buthanol, 물 추출물과 단삼의 ethylacetate, buthanol 추출물, 토사자의 ethylacetate 추출물 등은 6종의 추출물은 $200{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ 이하의 $IC_{50}$을 보였다. 이상과 같은 결과로 보아 많은 한약재들의 항고혈압 효과는 부분적으로 안지오텐신 전환효소를 억제하는 효과에 의한 것으로 여겨진다.

Objectives : Atopic dermatitis(AD) assume an remarkable clinical aspect and it s diagnosis almost depends on clinical symptoms. Therefore, we aimed to study the clinical diagnostic standard of AD for more accurate treatment. We repert as follows; Methods : For 6 months from March to August in 2000 we selected fifty outpatients who were prognosis of AD in the department of dermatology, Oriental medical hospitol, Dong-eui University. Results and Conclusions : 1. We classified of the grade, the condition of AD patient was slight and severe, by the sum of total by the clinical index of AD (diagnostic features). 2. By consulting previous oriental medical theories, we divided symptom-complex of AD into two type ; one was damp-heat type and the other was deficiency of blood- wind-dryness type. 3. Male to female ratio was 17 : 33 and the third stage, more than half of the patients were adolescents. 4. According to the results of symptom-complex of AD patients, on the first examination damp-heat type was more than deficiency of blood-wind-dryness type and in progressing treatment, the condition has been change to deficiency of blood-wind-dryness type. 5. In the lesions of AD, arm and knee were most serious skin lesions and in symptoms of AD, pruritus was most complained, and in progressing treatment, erosion and erythema were greatly improved. 6. When we measured the levels of serum Total IgE, that of thirty eight patientswere higher than that of normal, but elevation of serum IgE levels was not correlated with the severity of AD.

This study was attempted to investigate the anti-tumor and anti-metastatic effects of Sobokchukeotang(SBCT) and Kamisobokchukeotang(KSBCT). Cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines, anti-adhesion, pulmonary colonization, anti-angiogenesis, and T/C% were evaluated. SBCT and KSBCT exhibited no cytotoxicity against HT-1080, A549, SK-OV-3, B16-F10 and SK-Mel-2 cell lines. In inhibitory effect on DNA topoisomerase I, the $IC_{50S}$ were shown $250-500{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ of SBCT and $62.5-125{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ of KSBCT respectively. In the in vivo experiments, SBCT(135.98%) and KSBCT(151.92%) apparently increased the life span of mice bearing sarcoma-180. KSBCT significantly inhibited the adhesion of HT-1080 to complex extracellular matrix in a dose-dependent manner in contrast to SBCT. In pulmonary colonization assay by B16-F10, a number of colonies in the lungs were decreased more significantly in KSBCT group than those in SBCT group. In vitro neovascularization and CAM assay, angiogenesis was more significantly inhibited in KSBCT-treated group than in SBCT- treated group. Above results suggests that KSBCT is more effectively applied to prevention and treatment of cancer than SBCT.

This experimental studies was to investigate location of labeled neurons in CNS following injection of pseudorabies virus(PRV), Bartha strain, into the uterus and Sanyinjiao(Sp6) of rats. After survival times of 4-5 days following the injection of PRV, the rats were perfused, and their brain and spinal cord were frozen sectioned($30\mu\textrm{m}$). These sections were stained by PRV immunohistochemical staining methods, and observed with light microscope. The results were as follows: 1. In the spinal cord, overlap areas of PRV labeled neurons projecting to uterus and Sp6 were observed in lamina VII, IX and X areas of cervical segments. In thoracic segments, overlap areas were observed in lamina IV, VII, X and intermediolateral n.. In lumbar segments, overlap area of PRV labeled neurons were observed in lamina I, V-VII, IX, X and intermediolateral n.. In sacral segments, overlap areas of PRY labeled neurons were observed in lamina N, V, VII, X and sacral parasympathetic n.. 2. In the brain, overlap areas of PR V labeled neurons projecting to the uterus and Sp6 were observed in lateral paragigantocellular n., rostroventrolateral reticular n., raphe obscurus n., raphe pallidus n., raphe magnus n., locus coeruleus n., Barrington's n., A5 cell group, central gray n., paraventricular hypothalamic n. and arcuate n. This results suggest that overlap areas of PRV labeled neurons of the spinal cord projecting to the uterus and Sp6 might be the first-order neurons related to the viscera-somatic sensory and sympathetic preganglionic neurons. PRV labeled neurons of the brain may be the second and third-order neurons response to the movement of smooth muscle of uterus. These PRV labeled neurons may be central autonomic center related to the integration and modulation of reflex control linked to the sensory and motor system monitoring the internal environment. These overlap areas of spinal cord and brainmay be related to autonomic centers related to regulation of uterus.

Background and Purpose : Paresthesia is a common symptom in stroke patients, but very little research has been done on that. The purpose of this research was differentiating the syndromes of paresthesia in stroke patients. Methods: We studied about the paresthesia in 21 stroke patients. To differentiate the syndromes of paresthesia in stroke patients, we use oriental medicine methods. The locations of the lesions were identified with the use of CT and/or MRI. Results: The differentiation of syndroms about paresthesia were Yinhuyanghangzeng, Hynleozeng and Hwaynlzeng in order of frequency. Yinhuyanghangzeng was more frequent in female and at upper extremity. Hyuleozeng was accompanied with Qihuzeng and Yinhuyanghangzeng and its duration of disease was relatively long. Hwayulzeng was more frequent in male and its duration of disease was short. Conclusions : We hope there are more studies about the differentiation of syndroms and exantinations of paresthesia in many stroke patients.

목적 : 귀전우 Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb로부터 얻은 추출물에 대하여 생리활성(항산화 활성)을 검토하였고, $amyloid-{\beta}{\;}(A{\beta})$가 지니는 Rat의 배양 Hepatocyte 세포독성에 대한 세포보호효과 및 세포막 지질의 과산화에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 방법 : 귀전우 추출물과 항산화제인 BHT. ascorbic acid 및 ${\alpha}-tocopherol$을 각각 linoleic acid에 소정량 첨가하고 $50^{\circ}C$에서 일정기간 저장하여 linoleic acid의 산화 안정성을 비교 검토하였으며, 또한 유지 자동산화의 촉진인자인 금속이온($Fe^{3+},{\;}Zn^{2+}$) 을 첨가하여 귀전우 추출물의 금속이온봉쇄효과를 조사하였다. 결과 :세포성지질의 과산화의 지표인 malondialdehyde(MDA)생성이 A{\beta}처리로 크게 증가하였으나 세포막파괴에 의한 세포파괴의 전형적인 현상이 귀전우 열수 추출물의 전처리와 후처리로 크게 감소되었다. 귀전우 추출물의 농도에 따른 항산화 효과는 전 농도별에서 높은 항산화 효과를 나타내었다. 그리고 시간 경과에 따른 항산화 효과에 있어서도 정도의 차이는 있지만 각 농도(5mg, 10mg 및 25mg)에서 유도기의 연장효과가 상당히 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 귀전우 추출물과 항산화제와의 비교에 있어서는 합성 항산화제인 BHT 및 ascorbic acid 만큼 우수한 항산화력을 나타내었으며, 천연 항산화제인 ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ 보다는 아주 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 귀전우 추출물의 금속이온 봉쇄효과에 있어서는 linoleic acid에 귀전우 추출물과 $Fe^{3+}$ 및 $Zn^{2+}$을 첨가한 군이 귀전우 추출물을 첨가하지 않은 군보다 항산화 효과가 아주 우수한 것으로 나타나 금속이온 봉쇄력이 강한 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 귀전우 열수 추출물은 $A{\beta}$ 의한 세포파괴를 감소시키는 활성을 가지며 예방 및 보호효과를 나타내었고, hepatocyte에 대한 보호효과와 세포막지질 과산화의 저해 및 $A{\beta}$처리와 같은 독성에 대한 적응능력 향상을 통한 세포보호효과를 주는 것으로 간세포 보호 등의 임상적 응용에 그 효과가 기대된다.

Objectives : The effects of aqueous extract of Backhapgogumtanggami-bang (BGTG, a newly devised herb medicine) on the induction of apoptotic cell death were investigated in human lymphoid origin leukemia cell lines, HL-60. Methods : Cells were treated with various concentrations and $400{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ BGTG for 12 hr. Genomic DNA was isolated and separated on 1.8% agarose gels. Lysates from the cells were used to measure the activity of caspase-2, -3, -8, and -9 protease by using fluorogenic peptide. Cells were preincubated with SB-203580 for 30 min. Nuclear protein from the cells was incubated with oliginucleotide probe of AP-l and NF-kB. Nuclear extracts from the cells were isolated and reacted with antibodies. Results : The viability of HL-60 cells were markedly decreased by BGTG extract in a dose- and time-dependent manner. BGTG extract induced the apoptotic death of HL-60 cells which was characterized by the DNA fragmentation. The activations of Caspase-2, 3, and 9 were induced by BGTG. However, selective inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways by SB-203580 did not affect the extent of BGTG extract-induced cell death. Furthermore, we observed the transient activations of transcriptional factors such as AP-l and NF-kB. Conclusions : These results suggest that BGTG extract induced apoptotic death of HL-60 cells and caspase activations as well as the modulation of transcriptional factors such as AP-1 and NF-kB.

In order to investigate anti-cancer effect of Cremastrae Appendiculatae Tuber, this experiment was performed, in vitro. The results are as follows: 1. The MIT assay demonstrated that cell viability was decreased by Cremastrae Appendiculatae Tuber without statistical significance 2. The Apoptosis assay demonstated that apoptosis was induced by Cremastrae Appendiculatae Tuber without statistical significance 3. In quantitative RT-PCR analysis, there were no remarkable changes in expression levels of apoptosis-related genes, Bcl- 2, Bax, P53.

This research was to find out the protective and healing effects of both the Jiguyangwi-tang and the Gamijiguyangwi-tang on the gastric mucosa injuries by cyclophosphamide. At first, Jiguyangwi-tang and Gamijiguyangwi-tang extract were administered to the mice before one week, and then integral administration of those two drugs(each herbal extract and cyclophosphamide) were followed for another one week, respectively. After finishing those treatments, I have examined the state of the both ulcer and inflammation on the damaged gastric mucosa cell and watched the level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), Bcl-2, and apoptosis. These results were as follows, 1. Gastric mucosa inflammation have more significantly reduced in groups of integral administration of Jiguyangwi-tang plus cyclophosphamide, Gamijiguyangwi-tang plus cyclophosphamide and cyclophosphamide then in group of single cyclophosphamide. 2. Gastric ulcer have been reduced in groups of integral administration of Jiguyangwi-tang plus cyclophosphamide, Gamijiguyangwi-tang plus cyclophosphamide and cyclophosphamide then in group of single cyclophosphamide. But the significance have not shown. 3. PCNA level have more significantly elevated in integral administration of Jiguyangwi-tang plus cyclophosphamide and Gamijiguyangwi-tang plus cyclophosphamide and cyclophosphamide then in group of single cyclophosphamide. 4. The significance of both apoptosis induction and bcl-2level have not noticed among all groups. 5. Between Jiguyangwi-tang and Gamijiguyangwi-tang, the differance of effect was not admitted in statistically From these results, it is suggested that Jiguyangwi-tang and Gamijiguyangwi-tang are useful medicines in protecting gastric inflammation and ulcer, that is gastrointestinal side-effect of cyclophosphamide. The preventing effect of Jiguyangwi-tang and Gamijiguyangwi-tang may be through the 'affecting the period of cell division', but not the inhibition of apoptosis.

Background and Purpose : Relationship between 17-KS.17-OHCS in 24hrs urine and Deficiency Syndrome of the Kidneys had been examined, but the study about 17-KS.17-OHCS in stroke patients was rare6'. In this study, we aimed to investigate the usefulness of 24hrs urine 17-KS.17-OHCS in stroke patients as an index for the Differentiation of Deficiency Syndrome of the Kidneys. Subjects : 66 stroke patients(male : female =2 9 : 37) were selected, they were admitted in the hospital of oriental medicine, Kyunghee university(from November 1 st, 1998 to May 30th, 2000). Their age was over 65 years. The patients who had renal malfunction, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism were excluded and who took chlorpromazine, spironolactone, digoxin, reserpine, hormonal agent were also excluded. Methods : After we selected the patients, we investigated the Differentiation of Syndrome by use of Diagnostic Paper and examined the level of 17-KS.17-OHCS in 24hrs urine. We compared Deficiency Syndrome with non-Deficiency Syndrome of the Kidneys using of 17-KS.17-OHCS in 24hrs urine. Results : 1. Stroke did not affect 17-KS.17-OHCS excretion in 24hrs urine. 2. In 24hrs urine, 17-KS of male stroke patients and 17-OHCS of female stroke patients were lower in patients diagnosed as a Deficiency Syndrome than non-Deficiency Syndrome of the Kidneys(p<0.05). 3. Among Deficiency Syndrome of Yin, Yang, Yang and Yin of the Kidneys group, there was no differentiation of 17-KS.17-OHCS in 24hrs urine(p>0.05).

목적 : 단순포진바이러스로 유발한 베체트병 마우스 모델에서 가미청혈보혈탕과 가미 용담사간탕을 colchicine과 함께 투여할 경우, 한방 혹은 양방 단독 투여의 경우와 비교하여 베체트병 증상의 호전에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : colchicines, 가미 청혈보혈탕, 가미용담사간탕을 각각 또는 colchicines+가미 청혈보혈탕, colchicines+가미용담 사간탕을 20일간 복합 투여하여 베체트 증상이 호전되는 정도를 살펴보고, 호전 되는 증상의 종류를 파악하고, 이때 동반되는 싸이토카인을 RT-PCR, FACS등으로 확인하고자 하였다. 결과 : 단독투여군보다 복합투여군에서 증상이 호전되는 율이 높았으며, 호전 시기를 앞당겼고, 이때 싸이토카인 interteukin-4의 발현이 증가하였다. 결론 ; 베체트병 마우스 모델에서, 양방과 한방의 복합투여가 단독투여보다 증상의 호전에 보다 더 효과적이었다.

Objective : There are many reports that acupuncture has thermoregulatory effects on human and animals. To investigate the effect and mechanism of antipyretic action of acupuncture, we observed the body temperature and cytokine expressions in the hypothalamus of rats. Methods : Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, i.p., 2.5mg/kg) was injected to conscious rats (Sprague-Dawley, male, n=4l) to cause hyperthermia and simple needling (stainless steel, 0.25 mm o.d., 5 mm insertion for 10 sec with no manipulation) was performed bilaterally with the measurement of rectal temperature. Next, we sacrificed rats to remove brain and determined the level of mRNA for interleukin-6 (IL-6), $interleukin-1{\beta}{\;}(IL-1{\beta})$, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and $interferon-{\gamma}{\;}(IFN-{\gamma})$ in the hypothalamus by using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Resul1s : Needling on forepaw (acupoint HT8) and needling on hindpaw (acupoint BL66 and acupoint LR2) significantly inhibited LPS-induced fever of rats (P<0.01, 10 min after treatment respectively), but same treatment on proximal tail (non-acupoint) did not cause any change on fever. The levels of IL-6 and $IL-1{\beta}$ mRNA in the hypothalamus was significantly enhanced by LPS-injection, while the level of IL-6 and $IL-1{\beta}$ mRNA was markedly reduced after treatment on BL66 (P<0.01). Treatment on forepaw reduced it slightly, but not significantly. Equivalent stimulation on proximal tail did not cause any changes. Conclusions : Our results indicate that acupuncture stimulation on various body parts has differential thermoregulatory effects on LPS-induced fever of rats with site-specificity. And, we suggest that its antipyretic action might be accompanied with the suppression of hypothalamic production of pro-inflammatory cytokine of immune system, IL-6 and $IL-1{\beta}$.

Insomnia is a disorder of initiaton and maintenance of sleep that results in daytime sleepiness and dysfunction, and arises from multiple psychological, physiologic and environmental factors. A number of stroke patients suffer from insomnia classified as one of the sleep disorders associated with physical illness and on the contrary insomnia may have profound deleterious effects on the natural course of stroke. We experiened three cases of stroke patients with insomnia. In the point of Differentiation of Syndromes, these subjects were diagnosed as Excessive heat-fire syndrome of stroke and were administrated with Hwangyeonhaedog-tang Gamibang. After treatment, both sleep patterns and other accompanied symptoms improved.