• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.39-54
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate working wife's employment-related expenditures and perception of economic contribution to the family and to examine the effects of variables on them, The findings showed that household income had the largest effect on employment-related expenditures of working wives. Working wives perceived their economic contributions to the family positively and the economic situation of wives was important. And domestic and childcare service expenditures had effected on their perceptions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.393-398
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• 2001

This paper aims to work process of connecting rod die using CAD/CAM/CNC systems. CAD/CAM/CNC systems are consist of CAD(MDT4.0), CAM(Z-MASTER) software and CNC milling machine. CAM software is purpose to G-code generation for CNC programming. Then CAM software and CNC milling machine are connect to RS-232-C cable for data network.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.160-160
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• 2000

An optimization approach is used to solve the division problem of working area, and a cost function is defined to represent the constraints on the solution, which is then mapped onto the Hopfield neural network for minimization. Each neuron in the network represents a possible combination among many components. Division is achieved by initializing each neuron that represents a possible combination and then allowing the network settle down into a stable state. The network uses the initialized inputs and the compatibility measures among components in order to divide working area.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.23-37
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• 2006

This paper describes the effective way of finding injurious that prevents the workers against musculoskeletal disorders at a semi-finished medical products fabricating company. Analytical method is adopted a questionnaire an ergonomic assessment. The result of this paper is suggested the working environment, improvement of worktable, working space, tools, and outfit.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2007.03a
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• pp.88-95
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• 2007

In this paper, the authors discussed the overview of a method for estimating working area for development of a monitoring system for labor management using RFID technology. RSSI (Receive Signal Strength Indication) data of RFID tag was obtained from readers set around the indoor space. An estimating model of the working area was prepared. The model had a range of the percentage of correctly classified from 61% to 95%. According to the result, the possibility of the monitoring system and the factors necessary to develop for practical were proposed.

• Journal of Consumption Culture
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.93-118
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a householder's working type on household saving from the perspective of precautionary saving behavior theory and the determinants of household saving by householder's working type. The data for this study was from the 2009 year of the Korea Welfare Panel Survey (KOWEPS), consisting of 2,463 households with householders whose working type was regular or non-regular employment(temporary, daily or public work). OLS regression analyses and Chow-tests were performed. In the regression analyses, the dependent variables for household saving were precautionary saving and precautionary asset. Precautionary saving was operationalized with the amount of average monthly saving and the ratio of average monthly saving to average monthly disposable income, and precautionary asset was operationalized with the amount of financial assets and the ratio of financial assets to net assets. The independent variables were household income, household assets, householder's working type(regular, non-regular), householder's age, sex, education level and marriage status, income level, the number of household members, housing type, debt, and public transfer income. Monthly average total consumption expenditures for household income, and net assets for household assets, the existence of spouse for marriage status, poverty for income level were used. Public transfer income was classified into three, social insurance, basic assistance and government assistance. For the analyses, Stata 11.0 version was used. The results are as follows: Householder's working type was significantly related to the precautionary saving behavior of a household. However, the precautionary saving and the precautionary asset of a household with a householder in non-regular working type was lower than those of a household with a householder in regular working type. This result is not consistent with the expectation from the perspective of precautionary saving behavior that the saving of a household with a householder in non-regular working type is expected to be higher than that of a household with a householder in regular working type. According to the analyses of the determinants for precautionary saving behavior by householder's working type, monthly average total consumption expenditures, debt, net assets, poverty, the number of household members, basic assistance were statistically significant variables. The positive relation of basic assistance to precautionary saving(the amount of average monthly saving and the ratio of average monthly saving)is a noteworthy result in the analyses of the determinants for household saving by householder's working type. The above results suggest the followings. First, it is easy to predict the unstability of economic life of a household with a householder in non-regular working type because of relatively low precautionary saving and precautionary asset. The reason for the low precautionary saving and the low precautionary asset may be a low current income of the household in spite of its willingness to save. If this reasoning is possible, it suggests that policies are needed for households with householders in non-regular working type to save. Second, the relatively low precautionary saving and precautionary asset of a household with a householder in non-regular working type suggest also their long-term economic stability. This suggests they need to try a long-term financial planning even though they have limitations to save for future because of their low current income. It is necessary to develop the financial planning for the households with unstable incomes. Third, the determinants for precautionary saving behavior by householder's working type were mostly the ones which reflect the economic condition of a household. This suggests that the economic condition of a household is a core factor for household saving. Consequently, it emphasizes the efforts for a household to acquire the adequate level of income for saving. Forth, the positive relation of basic assistance to precautionary saving(the amount of average monthly saving and the ratio of average monthly saving) suggests the possibility for a household to accumulate the precautionary saving and the precautionary asset in the channel of basic assistance.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.271-293
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• 2009

A Records manager and archivist should have the academic knowledge and working ability due to the working character. Archives and records centers are being changed with developing information technology so that they are requiring a records manager and archivist to have a professional working ability through a variety of practice. However, in recent, the curriculum of Korean archival graduate schools focuses on a theoretical field and neglects to apply a theory to a working field. Therefore, in this paper, the writer compares some elements to improve the working ability shown in the curriculum of Korean and American archival graduate programs, and suggests the method to cultivate a theoretical knowledge as well as working ability. The cultivating ways the writer suggests are as follows: To improve the working ability in a practical field of the curriculum of archival graduate school in Korea, the writer suggests -- 1. increasing the grades of major field and college courses, and changing the practice subject to an obligatory subject, and 2. developing an internship program for a full practice with company, government, and college, and 3. operating a continuous training program that an records manager engaging in records center and archives can acquire a new knowledge and technology and apply the professionalism to a working field.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-51
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• 1991

In order to evaluate health status of dental technicians as an individual and a group, this study was conducted with Todai Health Index Questionaire on randomly sampled 277 persons(236 males and 41 females) from Aug. 20 to Oct. 6, in 1990 obtained Following conclusions were drawn. 1. Age composition of the subjects was 136 males(57.6%) in the age of 20$\sim$29 and 28 females(68.3%) in the age of 20$\sim$24. As for working places, 215 males(91.1%) and 38 females (92.7%) were working for dental laboratories and rest of them were at clinics and hospitals. In working years, male technicians who have been working for 5$\sim$10 years amounted to 80 (33.8%) and 12 females(29.3%) were working for 1$\sim$3years. 2. Responses to psychosomatic subjective symptom complaints rated as the highest in multiple subjective symptom(males : 40.00%, females : 41.98%) and those in physical items and mental irritability(male : 24%, female : 25%) and in mental items came next in order. The rate of complaint in depression was higher in female group than in male group (p<0.05). 3. Resonses to psychosomatic subjective symptom complaints in male group were high in the age of 20$\sim$29 and in the age of 20$\sim$24 in female group. The rates of complaint were higher in multiple subjective symptom, respiratory, eye and skin(p<0.05) and digestives(p<0.01) complaints. 4. Responses to psychosomatic subjective symptom complaints were higher among persons working at dental laboratories than at other working places : dental clinics and hospitals in all the items except for respiratory, depression and aggressiveness. Rates of complaints in eye and skin showed significant difference between working places(p<0.05). 5. Those who are engaged in polishing part tended to complain more about psychosomatic subjective symptoms. 6. The higher the level of education is the more they complained the psychosomatic subjective symptoms both in male and female group. In the difference of complaint respones, male group showed high rates of complaint in depression and female group in aggressiveness(p<0.05). 7. Responses to psychosomatic complaints by the length of working service were moderate in males who were working less than 10 years, and they decreased after 10 years of service. Females showed the highest response rate in the group of 3$\sim$5 years service and the lowest response in the group of 5 years service. Male complained more in aggressiveness and female in respiratory and aggressiveness(p<0.05). 8. Responses to psychosomatic subjective symptom complaint varied according to working hours of a day both in male and female group, showing high complaint rates in multiple subjective symptom, respiratory, eye and skin, mouth and anus, digestive, mental irritability and irregular life in male group(p<0.05).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.651-660
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the degrees and the influence factors of job satisfaction of dietitians working in hospitals in relation to performance of duty in their works and to provide effective management of hospital dietitians for high quality health and food service in hospital. The questionaire was prepared with reference to the previous studies on job satisfaction of dietitians working in hospitals throughout the nation. 201 dietitians in the country were surveyed. The period of research was from January 20 to February 28, 1995. The results are as follows. 1) In regard to the degree of job satisfaction of hospital dietitians, they showed the highest degree of job satisfaction in the relationships with fellow dietitians followed by worth and self-confidence, aptitude and interests, relationships with cooks, job stability, degree of recognition of the dietitians competence, supervision of the superiors, degree of application of professional knowledge, work load, wage level, degree of recognition of the importance of duty, cooperative relationships with load, wage level, degree of recognition of the importance of duty, cooperative relationships with doctors, degree of performance of clinical work, the number of dietitians, the prromotion system, and welfare system in that order. On the other hand, they showed the highest dissatisfaction with food service facilities. 2) The influence factors on job satisfaction are as follows. (1) Wage factor : Shorter weekday working hours and higher bonuses make greaster job satisfaction (R2=0.3115). (2) Working condition factor : Larger number of monthly holidays(R2=0.5142), shorter weekday working hours(R2=0.1077), longer previous food service experience and computer utilization (R2=0.1432) make greater job satisfaction. (3) Welfare factor : Welfare system (R2=0.4132) and promotion system (R2=0.1624) have to do with computer utilization. Job stability has to do with marital status and computer utilization (R2=0.1165). consequently, those married dietitians who use computers show higher job satisfaction. (4) Human relationship factor : Smaller mumber of patients receiving food makes greater job satisfaction (R2=0.1334). (5) Superivision factor : Shorter weekday working hours and larger number of monthly holidays make greater job satisfaction (R2=0.1709). (6) Achievement factor : Marriage, larger number of dietitians(R2=9.2293), age, larger number of monthly holiday, higher monthly wages and computer utiliazation (R2=0.1088) make greater job satisfaction. (7) Speciality factor : Marriage, longer current hospital tenure, higher position and working in seoul(R2=0.1142) make higher job satisfaction. (8) Job inclination factor : working in general hospitals rather than in oriental hispitals, working in seoul(R2=0.1776) and better bonuses(R2=0.1078)make greater job satisfaction. As a result, the following is suggested for the job satisfaction of hospital dietitions on the basis of this study : hospital dietitians can achieve miximum job satisfaction through smooth relationships with coworkers, and the responsible managers should improve welfare and working conditions for the job satisfaction of hospital dietitians.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.714-728
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• 2016

This research aims to categorize factors affecting reluctance of second childbirth among working mothers using Q methodology. P sample holds 50 working mothers between 20 and 45 years old living in Daegu-Gyeongbuk area. After securing the total 72 statements, the final 24 Q samples were confirmed through the second classification. As a result of this study, three types of the working mothers were classified. The first type that 22 working mothers (44%) were classified was "having uncooperative spouse". The second type which 13 working mothers (26%) were included was "working at not family-friendly workplace". Lastly, eight working mothers (16%) belonged to the third type, "having financial difficulty". Therefore, this study could confirm that the working mothers evade their second childbirth mostly because of the insufficient childcare support both at home and at work, rather than economic reasons. Thus, this study suggests that the Korean government should try to spread work-family balance culture than just providing financial support in order to encourage the second childbirth among working mothers.