• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.23 no.1_2
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• pp.193-231
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to clarify the real causes of gender wage differentials in Korea by analyzing changes over the period from 1984 to 1999. The participation rate of women in the Korean labor force has gradually increased since 1963, reaching 47.4 percent as of 1999. This increase can be attributed to more active participation by women of all ages, except those aged 15-19, as a result of their enrollment in higher level education. In particular, a remarkable rise in labor market participation was achieved by those aged 25-29. On the other hand, the ratio of female workers earnings to that of male workers has increased from 45.1 percent in 1972 to 63.1 percent in 1999. However, when the gender wage differentials are decomposed into various factors, it is found that discrimination components against female workers, compared to the skills or productivity characteristics, played a greater role for the 1994 to 1999 period.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.54
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• pp.65-97
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• 2003

This study seeks the countermeasures for the successful organization of the social welfare labor union after examining social welfare workers' cognizance about a labor union and analyzing the major factors affecting their participation in a labor union. An analysis of social welfare workers' cognizance about the social welfare labor union. demonstrates that (1) most social welfare workers have positive opinions about a labor union organization and the participation in a labor union, (2) a great part of workers prefer forming a labor union and a professional organization together in relation to the organization of social welfare workers, and (3) the effective strategies for the organization of a labor union are in the order of the uplift of social welfare workers' consciousness, the constitution of the basic organizations which propel the formation of a labor union, and the preparation of policy countermeasures which attain the supports of clients and citizens. An analysis of factors affecting the participation in a labor union shows that the attitude toward the participation behavior (positive results), subjective norm (specific individuals), subjective norm (social constituent members), and perceived behavior control in the analysis model, male, lower position in officers, and lower educational attainment in democratic characteristics, and lower democratic and professional managements in officers and longer working hours in labor environmental conditions affect positively the participation in a labor union. These results suggest several assignments for the successful organization of the social welfare labor union. First the activities that make social welfare workers recognize the beneficial results bringing about by the participation in a labor union need to be carried out, second strategies that persuade the influential individuals to supports the participation in a labor union need to be developed, third activities that make the social constituent members understand the ethical, professional, and non-productive characteristics of social service works not to be confronted with the organization of a labor union should be pursued, fourth the organizational environments in which social welfare workers can freely participate in a labor union according to their intentions need to be made up, fifth the policy countermeasures which attain the support of social welfare workers, clients and citizens should be developed and carried out, and finally the basic organizations that effectively propel the formation of a labor union need to be constituted.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.119-134
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• 2010

The article's purpose is to depict the experiences and cognition of Korean male workers on the relationship between work and family, in a conglomerate company. It examines the data of 11 interviews, especially focusing on the issue of participation in family lives. The cases consist of new comer employees, managerial officers, and executive personnel. According to the interviewee's report, Korean companies have drastically changed from a so called collectivistic culture to an individualisic one. In addition, the styles of their stories have changed drastically. New comers and managerial officers accentuate the importance of family in contrast to the attitudes of executive staff. These individuals also discuss the trend of increasing participation in domestic chores. However, the study does not illustrate a change in the younger generations' inner identities in relation to familial responsibility. Many of the interviewees' opinions taken from the study are almost similar in that these individuals do not encompass the lives of family in future plans. In conclusion, workers from large companiesin Korea maintain the attitude of focusing on official life one-sidedly.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.1454-1463
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• 2021

Demographics, personality traits and attitudes are related to safety behaviors in varied workplaces, but their roles in nuclear power plants (NPPs) have not been fully understood. This study was conducted to explore the roles of a set of demographic, personality and attitudinal factors on self-reported safety behaviors (including safety participation and human errors) among NPP commissioning workers. Survey data were collected from 157 Chinese commissioning workers. Results showed that age and work experience were significantly associated with human errors, but not with safety participation. Neuroticism and conscientiousness were significantly related to human errors, while neuroticism, conscientiousness and agreeableness were significantly related to safety participation. Attitude towards questioning was observed as an antecedent of safety participation, and functioned as a mediating variable in the relation between conscientiousness and safety behaviors. The findings provide evidence-based implications on the design of diverse interventions and strategies for the promotion of safety behaviors in NPPs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.114-122
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• 2024

This study aimed to identify the multiple mediation effects of job satisfaction and job commitment on the relationships between job stress and workers' safety behavior in terms of compliance and participation, in which the multiple mediation effects are a hybrid of parallel and serial mediating relationships. The multiple mediation model was analyzed using the bootstrapping method through the PROCESS macro tool in SPSS. The results showed that job stress negatively affects job satisfaction, job commitment, and workers' safety behavior, and the relationship between job stress and safety behavior is mediated by both job satisfaction and job commitment. The serial mediation effects of job satisfaction and job commitment were also found to be statistically significant in the regression relationship between job stress and safety behavior. Further analysis of the compliance and participation subdimensions of safety behavior showed similar results. Specifically, the serial mediation effects of job satisfaction and job commitment on participation and compliance behavior were further supported; however, the mediation effect of job satisfaction was not significant, whereas that of job commitment did remain significant. Further research is needed to determine if the mediation effect of job satisfaction found in this study can be extended and generalized to workers in various fields and industries.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.239-246
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• 2001

This paper attempts to identify the occupational stress-related factors among the workers at the manufacturing industry and to provide the basic data concerning development of stress management program focused on the manufacturing industry. The subjects exhibit significantly highest level of 'the characteristics of task and participation in decision making factor'. And the mean score of 'the avoid coping strategies' was higher than 'the control coping strategies'. The main factor that affected the occupational stress responses was 'the physio-environmental factor' and it was explained 15.6% out of the total variance of the stress responses. Also, it would be explained 29% out of the total variance of the stress responses with 'the characteristics of task/participation in decision making factor', sex, social support, and 'extra-organizational stressor'. In conclusion. For developing the stress management program in workplace, 'the physical environmental factor' and 'the characteristics of task and participation in decision making factor' should be considered. Also, It should be identified the direct and indirect paths among factors that significantly related factors to the occupational stress of workers further more.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.66-73
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• 2020

The change in labor consciousness began to draw social attention to work-life balance (WLB). The WLB is one of the major factors affecting the health and safety problems of workers. Although shiftwork adversely affects WLB, safety, and health problems of workers, WLB of shift workers has received little empirical attention. The purpose of this study was to examine whether WLB mediates the relationship between shiftwork and shift worker's safety and health problems, participation in leisure activities moderates WLB, and finally, whether WLB moderated by participation in leisure activities mediates the relationship between shift work and shift worker's safety and health problems. For the study, the data of the 5^th wave of Korean Working Condition Survey(KWCS) conducted by Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency(KOSHA) of South Korea was used. Conditional process analysis revealed that the relationship between shift work and worker's safety and health problems is mediated by WLB; however, participation in leisure activity showed no moderation effect on WLB. Therefore, the moderated mediation effect has failed to achieve statistical significance. The results indicate that working environment improvement in consideration of the WLB is needed to gain shift worker's long-term safety and health. The implications of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.21-31
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• 2018

PURPOSE: This study examined the differences between male and female workers by investigating the various factors that affected the workers' abilities to return to work according to the International Classification of Functioning standards. METHODS: We analyzed the personal factor, environmental factor, work performance and participation factor related to ICF according to worker's gender. For this purpose data from the third Worker's Compensation Insurance panel survey conducted by the Korea Workers' Compensation & Welfare Service were analyzed. In order to verify the research model, we used frequency analysis, cross analysis to compare the differences between male and female workers according to personal, environmental, work performance, and participation factors and hierarchical regression analysis to identify significant factors affecting job performance. RESULTS: The results, indicate that the level of education, license status, working period, socioeconomic status and employment type of female workers were lower than those of male workers. Factors that have the greatest influence on job performance are grade of disability, status of disability, economic activity status, and instrumental activities of daily living (p<.05). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to provide socially stable employment support and social policy support without discrimination to allow disabled female workers to return to work and maintain their jobs and to study factors influencing job performance further.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.161-173
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• 1998

This study investigates why the Married Female Production Workers(MFPW) participate in their work and what is work load they take. This study uses an ecosystems approaches in order to explain the labor participation of the MFPW and their work load. MFPW participate in their work because of the labor markets need and economic need of their household rather than their personal choice. Due to the long working hours, low wage and bad labor conditions of MFPW's job, they suffer more severe work load both at the fob and at home than any other occupational groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.58-64
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• 2023

This study aims to analyze the differences between the safety leadership of the laboratory director, safety climate, safety motivation, and safety behavior of research workers based on whether they have participated in the certification system for exemplary laboratories in safety management (CSEL). An online survey was conducted among research workers to analyze the effect of the CSEL. The independent variables used in the survey were participation and non-participation in the CSEL, while the dependent variables were the safety leadership of the laboratory director, safety climate, safety motivation, and safety behavior of research workers. The results demonstrate that the group that participated in the CSEL had statistically significantly higher levels of safety leadership, safety climate, safety motivation, and safety behavior than the one that did not do so. Therefore, it can be concluded that the CSEL has a positive impact on the establishment of an autonomous safety management system in a laboratory by improving the safety culture and safety behavior of research workers. Further, the extrinsic factors, which are subfactors for safety motivation, did not reflect a significant difference between the group that participated in the CSEL and the one that did not. Thus, a reward system for research workers with excellent safety activities should be operated by research institutes since it is necessary to strengthen the intrinsic safety motivation of individual research workers which can be strengthened by compensation. The government should consider measures such as providing research incentives to researchers participated in CSEL.