• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.20-24
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• 2006

Several pathogens associated with bulb rot of lilies in storage house were identified with respect to rot types. Rot patterns were grouped into four different types; brown rot of bottoms, brown rot of shoots, water-soaked rot and blue mold. Brown rot of bottoms was the highest in frequency with 72.5%, and brown rot of shoots the least with 23.0%. Dominant pathogens were differed with rot patterns, brown rot of bottoms by Fusarium oxysporum, blue mold and brown rot of shoots by Penicillium brevicompactum and P. fellutanum. In wound-inoculation tests, Penicillium and Fusarium isolates caused severe rot on the bulbs. Bulb disinfection before storage by captan showed the most prominent control value of 95.2% followed by thiophanate-methyl with 85.6%.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.171-177
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• 2014

Garlic and mugwort have long been used in traditional medicine to prevent various diseases. Several in vitro studies have reported protective efficacies of garlic and mugwort in cases of gastric cancer. In the present study, we investigated the cancer preventive effects of garlic and mugwort mixture extract (GME) in a Helicobacter (H.) pylori-associated gastric carcinogenesis mouse model. To induce gastric cancer, C57BL/6 mice were treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and H. pylori. Various concentrations of GME (0, 100, 500, and 1,000 ppm) were then fed to the mice for 38 weeks, after which the tumor tissues were examined for histopathology, mucin histochemistry and ${\beta}$-catenin. The incidence of gastric tumors was significantly lower in the highest dose GME-treated mice (46.7%) than control mice (85.7%) (p < 0.05). The multiplicity and size of tumors were also significantly reduced by GME feeding in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.01). Furthermore, GME suppressed the H. pylori-associated chronic inflammation measured by histologic grading of H. pylori density, chronic gastritis, glandular atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in non-tumorous gastric mucosae. Our data suggest that GME suppresses gastric tumorigenesis via suppression of H. pylori-associated chronic inflammation.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.64-71
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• 1999

This study was conducted to manufacture MDF panels bonded with PF resins which provide excellent durability and dimensional stability with panels, and to identify benefits and weaknesses of using PF resins for MDF panels that have been manufactured with urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins for interior applications due to its low dimensional stability under moisture conditions. The results showed that the performance of PF-bonded MDF panels satisfied the performance requirement. A six-cycle aging test also revealed that PF-bonded MDF panels had high durability. Thickness swelling after 24 hours submersion in cold water was less than 2 percent, showing good dimentioanl stability. The identified weaknesses of using PF resins were relatively high resin content and long hot-pressing time. An acceptable resin content appeared to be 8 percent which can increase the production cost of PF-bonded MDF panels. The hot-pressing time (7 minutes) used in this study is relatively long compared to that of UF-bonded MDF panels. This result also indicates that hot-pressing process has to be optimized to control various pressing variables.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.55-69
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• 1995

The primary objective of this research was to investigate optimum manufacturing condition of thin composite panels composed of sawdust, polyethylene film and polypropylene net. At the study the experiment was designed to make thin board in which sawdust offers effectiveness as core composing material, polyethylene as adhesive with added urea resin, and polypropylene as stiffness and flexibility in the composition panel. 100 types of thin composite panels were manufactured according to press-lam and mat-forming process of various hot pressing conditions(pressure, temperature and time). They were tested and compared with control boards on bending properties(MOR, MOE, SPL, WML), internal bond strength, thickness swelling, linear expansion and water absorption. At the same time the visual inspections of each types of panels were accomplished. The physical and mechanical properties of composite types passed by visual inspection were analyzed by Tukey's studentized range test. From the statistical analysis, the optimum manufacturing condition of thin composite panels were selected. Compared with two manufacturing processes, mat-forming process performed better than press-lam process in all tested properties. The optimum manufacturing conditions resulted from the experiment and statistical analysis were able to determine as following: the press temperature was shown the most good result at 130$^{\circ}C$ in mat forming process and 140$^{\circ}C$ press lam process, the press time 4 min in both processes, but the press pressure was 25-10kg/$cm^2$ in mat forming and 15k/$cm^2$ press lam process.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2018

The anodic oxidation behavior of Si-containing aluminum alloy for diecasting was investigated. Especially, the property changes during anodization both on aluminum 1050 and 9 weight percentage silicon containing aluminum (Al-9Si) alloys were analyzed by the static current test. In order to fabricate a uniform anodic oxidation film by effect of Al-Si compound, nitric acid containing hydrofluoric acid had been used as a desmutter for aluminum alloy after alkaline etching. It was found that the level of voltage of Al-9Si alloy during the static current test was almost as double as higher than aluminum 1050 through anodization. By adding hydrofluoric acid in the nitric acid electrolyte, the silicon compound on the surface was removed, and the optimum amount of added hydrofluoric acid could be derived. It was also observed that the size of silicon compound formed on the surface could be refined by heat treatment at $500^{\circ}C$ and followed water quenching.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.897-901
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• 2008

Deep seawater (DSW; deep ocean water) is pure, rich in inorganic materials which have attracted attention for various applications. In this study we investigated the effects of the DSW upwelled from the East Sea, offshore Yang Yang (Korea) on the morphological differentiation of cultured rat hippocampal neurons, which were grown in the minimal essential medium containing 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum and 25% (v/v) DSW with various hardness. DSW had no effect on initial morphological differentiation (17 hr post-plating). When observed on DIV3, 7, 14, and 17, low hardness (0 and 200) DSW reduced dendritic branching. However, dendritic branches within $80\;{\mu}m$ diameter from the center of soma nearly doubled in neurons grown in hardness 1,000 DSW-containing media. DSW with hardness 600 was more or less same as control groups. These results indicate that DSW with appropriate hardness ameliorates neuronal health.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.544-550
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• 2003

This study was designed to investigate the effects of Korean 1% Shanshuyu extract in Pb administered rats. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighed 100 l0g were used for this experiment and divided into following 4 groups; Con(control group), Shan(1% Shanshuyu extract), Pb(1,000ppm alone lead administered group), Pb-Shan(1,000ppm alone lead administered group with 1% Shanshuyu extract group). Food intake weight and FER(Food efficiency ratio) were remarkably decreased in lead added group. Tissue weight of liver, lung, stomach, heart, kidney and spleen of lead exposed rats were reduced by 1% Shanshuyu extract group. The lead content in the rats tissue of lead alone administered group was lower than in the rats tissue of lead administered group with 1% Shanshuyu extract group. AST(Asparatate transferase) and ALT(Alanine transferase) were increased in lead-administered group and lower in the 1% Shanshuyu extract group. These results suggested that 1% Shanshuyu extract may have some protective effects from of tissue demage induce with Lead.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.53-58
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• 1988

This study was carried out to discuss a colorimetric method for the determination of nitrite in meat products issued by the Ministry of Health and Social Affaires of Korea (1985). 1) The recovery rates of nitrite of test solution extracted in the room temperature were higher than those obtained by the heating extraction. 2) In the room temperature, samples prepared with the sUce were more effective than the blendina method and the distlled water as extractina solvent for nitrite was more effective tban tbe phospbate buffer solution. 3) The extracting time showed that thirty minutes were enough to extract nitrite and the diazotizingcoupling reagents, 30% of sulfanilamide and N-l-naphthylethyienediamine were better than others. 4) The nitrite in a test soiution greatly decreased when the solution was distilled. In this case, the test solution should be used as a control. 5) Ten minutes were enough to couple nitrite.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.144-149
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• 1988

The purpose of this study is to find the light intensity which induced maximum gathering rate and to observe the variation of the gathering rate both in daytime and tat night by using Striped puffer, Fugu xanthopterus (Temminck et Schlegel). An experimental tank(360L$\times$50W$\times$55H cm) was set up in a dark room. An illumination system was attached to the end of one side of the tank to control horizontal light intensity. Eight artificial light sources were prepared by combination of three light bulbs (10W, 60W, 100W) and eight filters. During the experiment water depth was maintained 50 cm level in the tank. The tank was marked into six longitudinal sections each being 60cm long to observe the distribution of fish. The fish were acclimatized in dark condition for 50 minutes prior to the main experiment. Upon turning on the light, the number of fish in each section was counted 60 times every 30 seconds, and the gathering rate was obtained from the average number of fish in each section. The light intensity inducing maximum gathering rate was 298.56 lux (188.44-444.96 lux) at daytime and 298.56 lux (188.44-444.96 lux) at night. The variation of the gathering rate of fish in illumination time was increasing trend fluctuately and did not show any distinctive difference between day and night.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.613-620
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• 2011

In order to perform scientific evaluation of dredge results, it is needed to construct the system which is able to manage and evaluate the work process by monitoring in real-time the dredge process such as dredge ship position, dredge depth and dredge volume. This research aims to develop the hydrographic dredge surveying system adding water depth measurement method to both precise positioning and navigation methods using GPS, which allows a high rate of measurement and long distances between the control point and dredging points, operate in all weather conditions, and does not require line of sight to points. We constructed Beacon DGPS-based hydrographic dredger guidance and position management system and developed the operation program which makes the dredge operation perform as monitoring work situation in real-time. It is expected that this developed system will be able to contributes to reducing ultimately the cost in hydrographic dredging or hydrographic construction industries.