• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제86권2호
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• pp.158-166
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• 1997

본 연구에서는 임분구조의 다양성 또는 동질성을 계량화시키는 방법을 제시하였다. 우선 인접목과의 직경비율에 의해 임분구조를 파악할 수 있는 Gadow의 직경차이율을 소개하였고, 직경급별 본수비율과 단면적 또는 재적비율에 의해 형성되는 Lorenz곡선형태로 부터 임분구조의 다양성지수를 유도하는 새로운 방법을 제시하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 Lorenz곡선원리에 의한 횡적 임분구조지수는 Gadow의 직경차이율과 마찬가지로 0에서 1사이의 값을 가지며, 임분구조가 다양할수록 1에 접근하는 특정을 지니고 있다. 이러한 Lorenz곡선원리에 의한 횡적 임분구조지수를 Gadow의 직경차이율과 비교한 결과, 본 연구에서 제시한 새로운 형적 임분구조지수는 Gadow의 직경차이율과 비슷하게 임분구조를 설명하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion from different positions, using different methods, on the quality of the insertion, for identifying a more convenient and effective insertion method. Methods: In a model ambulance, 30 paramedic students performed the LMA insertion procedure, in four different settings, combinations of the rescuer's position (at the head end of the patient, at the side of the patient), and insertion technique (index finger insertion, thumb insertion), in a randomized order. Quality of insertion index and convenience of use were measured. Results: The quality of insertion index (tidal volume, gastric insufflation, airway pressure, airway sealing pressure, midline positions, insertion success grade, and insertion time) were not significantly different among four different settings. However LMA insertion from the anterior (head) end, using the index finger method compared to the thumb method was found to be significantly more convenient. Conclusion: We recommend using the more convenient and familiar LMA insertion method, between index finger insertion and thumb insertion, regardless of rescuer's position.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.103-111
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• 1995

Drought index calculation based on the principal hydrological parameters, such as rainfall and reservoir storage, can estimate the duration and intensity of drought in irrigation reservoirs. It is difficult to build up a drought criteria since the conditions change variously by the reliability of rainfall. Because of the increasing water demands, it is urgent to prepare a generalized positive countermeasure to overcome drought. Water demands can at calculated but the estimation of drought characteristics, and the effective water management method can be established. The purpose of this study is to obtain a drought index and build up a data-base on the reservoir basins for establishing the fundamental hydrological data-base. This Index can observe the behavior of the WSI(Water Supply Index) and the component indices. The results summarized through this study are as follows. 1. WSI value of zero does not correspond to 100% in average due to the skewness in the probability distributions. 2. WSI is not a linear index; that is, given change in terms of water volume or percentage of average does not result in a proportional change on the WSI scale. 3. WSI is not always between the reservoir and the rainfall index in magnitude. This is only true if the component indices are of opposite sign. If they are of the same sign, the SWSI will often have a mangitude greater than either of the component indices. This is easily understood, because the concurrence of extreme values of the same sign for the two components is rarer than the occurrence of extreme values for either of the two components individually.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.89-101
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• 2016

Objectives In human, there is a diversity in the breathing pattern, for instance inspiratory and expiratory time, volume, breathing frequency, and breath-to-breath variation. Expecially, respiratory variability can provide important information about breathing regulation and physiological flexibility. it is significant to not only breathing index but also physiological index.Methods Thus this paper reviews the literature on respiratory variability with the aim of clinical application.Results We could find the interrelationships and respiratory variability between emotions, psychopathy, sighing, mental and physical activity.Conclusions As a result, respiratory variability can serve an important physiological index in the clinical area and reflects how our bodies act in diverse environments under various condition.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.128-134
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• 2009

The present study covers an integrated simulation method to evaluate optical performance of an aspheric plastic lens by connecting an injection molding analysis with a ray tracing simulation. Traditional ray tracing methods have based on the assumption that the optical properties of a lens are homogeneous throughout the entire volume. This assumption is to a certain extent unrealistic for injection-molded plastic lenses because material properties vary at every point due to the injection molding effects. To take into account the effects of the inhomogeneous optical properties of the molded lens, a numerical scheme is developed to calculate the distribution of refractive index induced from the injection molding process. This index distribution is then reflected onto CODE $V^{(R)}$ simulation and used to calculate ray paths in inhomogeneous media. The proposed tracing scheme is implemented on the tracing of an aspheric lens for a mobile phone camera module.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.282-286
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• 1997

The floc strength of Escherichia coli was enhanced by adding water soluble polymer flocculants (BPA-5020 and BPA-5000) to the particulate flocculant (BPA-1000) as indicated by the increase in the shear index. The shear index of the E. coli flocs increased from 0.39 with the particulate flocculant alone to 0.94 with the particulate flocculant in conjunction with the water soluble polymer flocculant. In addition, the sedimentation rate of flocs was higher and the sedimented volume of flocs was smaller when the particulate flocculant was used with the water soluble polymer flocculant. When E. coli was flocculated first with the water soluble flocculant and the particulate flocculant was added later into the E. coli flocs formed, the sedimentation rate of the flocs was greater than that of any other combination. The shear index of the flocs was, however, independent of the sequence of the flocculant addition.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2004년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2004
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• pp.673-676
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• 2004

To manage and query moving objects efficiently in MMDBMS, a memory index structure should be used. The most popular index structure for storing trajectories of moving objects is 3DR-tree. The 3DR-tree also can be used for MMDBMS. However, the volume of data can exceed the capacity of physical memory since moving objects report their locations continuously. To accommodate new location reports, old trajectories should be migrated to disk or purged from memory. This paper focuses on migration policies of a main memory index structure. Migration policies consist of two steps: (i) node selection, (ii) node placement. The first step (node selection) selects nodes that should be migrated to disk. The criteria of selection are the performance of insertion or query. The second step (node placement) determines the order of nodes written to disk. This step can be thought as dynamic declustering policies.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
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• pp.1024-1029
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• 2008

In this study, new parameter related with compression index was derivated from piezocone test results. It is assumed that the consolidation coefficient obtained by piezocone test is concerned with the volume change during piezocone dissipation. Based on that assumption, new parameter in terms of consolidation coefficient from piezocone test was introduced. The new parameter from piezocone test and the compression index from laboratory consolidation test shows linear relationship.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.67-79
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• 1992

Cardiac systolic time intervals (STLs) and Heather index (HI) were used to access changes in left ventricular function of six male subjects exposed to postural changes,$0^{\circ}C$, ${\pm}2^{\circ}C$, ${\pm}45^{\circ}C$, ${\pm}90^{\circ}C$, Significant prolongation of the pre-ejection period (PEP) and PEP/ LVET ratio, shortening of the left ventricular ejection time (LVET), STI, HI and $1/PEP^{2}$were observed during exposure to both $+45^{\circ}C $ and $+90^{\circ}C $But the values measured during $-45^{\circ}C $ and$-90^{\circ}C $ were reversed. Changes in fluid shift, filling volume, preload, after load and sympathetic activities may account for the observed findings. Early response of cardiac foctions was recorded using impedance cardiography. This method is very simple but accurate. Thus it will be useful in this aerospace and work physiology. In conclusion, STIs appear to provide reliable noninvasive method for examining changes of cardiac function during exposure to postural changes.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2015

Purpose - This study undertakes to examine the automotive trade structure between Korea and Russia to accelerate economic cooperation and pinpoint trade discrepancies to increase trade volume through improved policies, eventually finding ways for trade expansion. Research design, data, and methodology - To analyze trade decision factors for both countries, the Index of trade specialization invented by trade specialization theory, is used. Although specific factors should materialize in the trade decision analysis, realistically, concrete explanations are difficult as many unsolved factors are involved as well as their complexities Results - First, to assess comparative market competitiveness, the Index describes A value/B value, representing the Korean versus the Russia market share and the Korean market share versus the world. Second, the index shows that Korea is taking comparative advantage of its export specialization. Third, the RCA indices show considerable improvement compared to 2000. Conclusions - This research used a quantitative approach to examine trade specialization and examined a comparative advantage index of market share to see how inter-trade relations have changed over the past 10 years.