• Proceeding of KASS Symposium
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.184-188
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• 2008

Performance degradation of concrete structures is generally caused by structural deteriorations, such as cracks. It may result in serious defects of concrete structures. Methods of damage detection are used a visual angle of human or non-destructive test, and they are using various sensors. Problems of crack damage detection are occurred to directions of cracks by using 1 axial type of accelerometer in concrete element. In addition, these sensors are not used to occurring fire in RC building. Thermocouple sensors are able to using measurement of temperature in fire, and then deformations of main element and structures are not used. In this study, fundamental studies for development of multiple function sensor using 3 axial type of accelerometer and electric resistance property of thermocouple sensors are discussed estimation to stability of structures when happened form active load or fire, and so on.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2015

Introduction : The Understanding of neurological lesion relating to apraxia will help to predict symptoms according to a lesion and to establish a proper treatment and goal. So, This study will explain causes and mechanism of a movement error of ideomotor apraxia through literature review and also will suggest the evidence using in treatment. Body : Ideomotor apraxia may occur a damage of the production part in praxis system, and is common in damage of a cortex rater than damage of a subcortex. According to study with gesture, movement of upper limbs is relate of left parietal lobe but finger movement is relate of frontal lobe. The visual and tactile stimulation through using real objects could guide into proper movement aside from memory of a skilled action. Conclusion : Praxis can occur through diverse neurological processing and various external stimulations can help praxis processing. Therefore, the treatment of ideomotor apraxia need to use this stimulations.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.151-158
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to see the effect of walking when training for chronic stroke patients, Affected side vision impairment induced gait training with rhythmic auditory stimulation in parallel. Methods: This study was the general walking training group, the training group was divided damage induced affected side view, affected side view damage induced by rhythm auditory stimulation training three groups. Intervention period was 4 weeks. 5 times per week, per 30 min entered arbitration. Affected Side vision impairment induced induction training was conducted by installing a red cones, rhythmic auditory stimulation was applied to a regular rhythm training using a smartphone application (Metronome). Paired t-test was performed to see the difference between each group and before the intervention. One-way ANOVA was used to find out the significance probability between each group. Statistical significance was set at 0.05 probability. Results: Regular walking group, rather than affected side vision guided walking group could see increases in the FGA and DGI (P<0.05). And vision impairment induced affected side view and rhythmic auditory stimulation induction training this group than in the combination group walking group obtained higher scores on the FGA, DGI score(P<0.05). Conclusion: If you want to enforce certain rhythmic auditory stimulation of the visual field and side damage induced during gait training for stroke patients will be able to expect a better effect.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.387-394
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• 2019

In this study, in order to evaluate the damage and deterioration of the track components of sleeper floating track (STEDEF), the field samples(specimens) were taken from the serviced line over 20 years old, and the track components were visually inspected, and investigated by laboratory tests and finite element analysis. As a result of visual inspection, the damage of the rail pad and fastener was slight, but the rubber boot was worn and torn at the edges of bottom. The resilience pads were clearly examined for thickness reduction and fatigue hardening layer. As a result of spring stiffness test of rail pad and resilience pad, the deterioration of rail pad was insignificant, but the deterioration of resilience pad exceeded design standard value. Therefore resilience pad was directly affected by train passing tonnage. As a result of comparing the deterioration state of the field sample and the numerical analysis result, the stress and displacement concentration position of the finite element model and the damage position of the field sample were coincident.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.197-208
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• 2019

Biological damages of wooden cultural properties are closely related to the preservation of the environment; these damages can be accelerated because of rapid climate change. Therefore, to preserve cultural properties, it is important to understand environmental characteristics. This study aims to investigate the status of termite damage and the characteristics of major environmental factors such as micro-meteorology, meso-meteorology, and local-meteorology of the Josadang shrine in the Seonamsa temple at Suncheon. Damage was confirmed by visual observation and the response of the termite detection dog at the north-west corner. Also another damage was observed by the termite detection dog at the north-east corner. These pillars had lower surface temperature and higher moisture content compared with the pillars in the front. The mean temperature of the entire time was similar for the meteorologies; however, the relative humidity differed. High relative humidity, greater than 70%, was observed frequently. In particular, it was determined that the termite activity days were the most inside the Josadang shrine. The statistical analysis confirmed that there was a difference between the meteorology events through the F ratio. In addition, the difference of environmental factors with relative humidity and temperature was identified more great difference in relative humidity through the t-statistics of temperature and relative humidity. And then relative humidity was confirmed most great in the difference of meso-meteorology and local-meteorology.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.179-186
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• 2021

In general, the daily safety inspection activities, which investigate damages in structures and measures the size of the damage, have been relied heavily on the visual inspection so far. Since the probe of the condition and performance of facilities by such personnel is often dependent on the subjective judgment of the investigator, the consistency and repeatability of the probing results may reduce. Particularly, damage located in a difficult-to-reach place depends mainly on experience with the naked eye, and an unsafe method using a ladder has mainly applied when necessary. Therefore, in this study, we tried to propose a way of using images that can reduce the deviation between safety inspection investigators, enhance objectivity, and improve the safety of workers. In this study, we have applied homographic transformation as a method of correcting the image. As a result of analyzing the size of the damage in the corrected image of the test subject, it confirms that the accuracy of measuring the magnitude of the damage can satisfy the target levels of 5.0mm and 0.005m², the target accuracy levels. As a result of the field verification test to which the proposed image correction technique applied, the coefficient of variation of the crack length in the structure decreased from 5.4~7.0% to 0.072~0.12%, and that of the damaged area from 10.9% to 1.6%. It confirms that the measurement accuracy is improved. Therefore, it is expected that this study on the image utilization technique in safety inspection activities can increase the accuracy of damage measurement and improve the reliability of the safety inspection reports and exterior survey drawings.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.667-674
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• 2022

In this study, the correlation between the damage type and operating conditions of the sleepers was analyzed based on the design data and visual inspection results for the concrete sleepers of the sleeper floating track (STEDEF) that have been in operation for more than 20 years. It appeared in the form of cracks, breakages, and breaks in the concrete at the center and tie bar contact and buried areas. As a result of the numerical analysis, it was analyzed that the change in the left and right spring stiffness of the sleeper resilience pad increases the maximum stress, tensile stress, compressive stress, and displacement of the concrete sleeper, and stress concentration in the concrete at the tie bar contact area. It was proved analytically that the sleeper resilience pad can affect the damage of the concrete sleeper. Therefore, damage of concrete sleepers in the sleeper floating track in urban transit could be caused by changes in spring stiffness of sleeper resilience pads. It was reviewed that preventive maintenance such as improvement and timely replacement of sleeper resilience pads was necessary.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.231-234
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• 2009

Recently, to the development of a highly information-oriented society to a large increase in dependence on power, Accordingly, it is need that active development and spread of preservation technology on accident prevention in operation electrical equipment. However, to lack of the use on maintenance technology of power equipment and to increase of power usage is growing deterioration of power equipment, this is a cause on casualties, property damage and the occurrence of disasters is a growing. GIS equipments which are operated from domestic except the equipment which manages from the big business are depend on a most visual inspection, and do inspection method or measuring instrument etc. a condition which is not supplied widely. Currently, many to measure instrument used in domestic is very expensive or foreign, it will be able to substitute this, the development necessity of the diagnosis technique and the measuring instrument is demanded.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.46-50
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• 2011

Wind energy, as an alternative to fossil fuels, is plentiful, renewable, widely distributed, clean, and produces no greenhouse gas emissions during operation. However, the construction of wind farms is not universally welcomed because of their visual impact, competing land use, comprising human health impacts, building and crop damage, loss of amenities and ecological impact, impact on wildlife, danger to birds, safety hazard, aesthetics and noise. Offshore wind power, in particular, offers a huge potential to generate clean energy. However, the envisaged massive expansion of wind farms in oceans is already causing severe environmental conflicts. Wind farms cause further harm to already threatened oceans. Wind power has negligible fuel costs, but a high capital cost. The expansion of climate-friendly wind energy use both onshore and offshore can only be successful it the legal and organizational conditions undergo some clear improvements.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.1183-1187
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• 2002

Existing retaining walls are usually made from only one cast form and any damage must be promptly repaired. However, when a part of a retaining wall is repaired, a gap can be created between the repaired and existing parts, along with an unpleasing visual effect. As such, the whole structure is often reconstructed, rather than repairing one part, resulting in construction waste and possible contamination of the environment. Accordingly, the current study proposes a construction method for a retaining wall that uses separate blocks to downsize of quantity of construction waste. In addition, by changing the color or modifying the block cover a more environmentally friendly retaining wall construction method is achieved.