• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.23-37
• /
• 1997

In this paper, performance analysis of video traffic shaper for Motion Picture Experts Group (MPEG) video traffic in on ATM network are investigated. Traffic shaping for MPEG video traffic is proposed as a traffic control function in ATM networks. The proposed shaper smoothes video traffics by controling the output rate of the buffer, which is placed in an MPEG source, according to I,B,P frame sequences of MPEG. In performance analysis of an video traffic shaper, a periodic botch arrival model is suggested to describe cell streams in a frame of MPEG video traffic. The queueing model which has periodic independent botch arrival and periodic deterministic service time is used to obtain the cell loss ratio, the mean cell delay, and the measure of smoothing effect. Simulation results are used to validate this queueing model. The cell loss performance of ATM multiplexer is measured by simulation study with real MPEG-1 data. From the viewpoint of traffic load, the cell loss ratio is observed to be considerably high, which is considered to result from the burstiness of MPEG video traffic. As a result, it is shown that the shaping decreases cell loss ratio of multiplexer. The results of this paper can be employed to establish a basic guideline in the implementation of a traffic control scheme and the design of ATM multiplexer for MPEG video traffic.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.826-836
• /
• 2016

Increase of hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)-based video popularity causes that broadband and Internet service providers' links transmit mainly multimedia content. Network planning, traffic engineering or congestion control requires understanding of the statistical properties of network traffic; therefore, it is desirable to investigate the characteristic of traffic traces generated, among others, by systems which employ adaptive bit-rate streaming. In our work, we investigate traffic originating from 120 client-server pairs, situated in an emulated laboratory environment, and multiplexed onto a single network link. We show that the structure of the traffic is distinct from the structure generated by first and second generation of HTTP video systems, and furthermore, not similar to the structure of general Internet traffic. The obtained traffic exhibits negative correlations, anti-persistence, and its distribution function is skewed to the right. Furthermore, we show that the traffic generated by clients employing the same or similar play-out strategies is positively correlated and synchronised (clustered), whereas traffic originated from different play-out strategies shows negative or no correlations.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.171-190
• /
• 2008

With growing applications of wireless video streaming, an efficient video traffic model featuring modern high-compression techniques is more desirable than ever, because the wireless channel bandwidths are ever limited and time-varying. We propose a modeling and analysis method for video traffic by a class of stochastic processes, which we call '$GEO^Y/G/{\infty}$ input processes'. We model video traffic by $GEO^Y/G/{\infty}$ input process with gamma-distributed batch sizes Y and Weibull-like autocorrelation function. Using four real-encoded, full-length video traces including action movies, a drama, and an animation, we evaluate our modeling performance against existing model, transformed-M/G/${\infty}$ input process, which is one of most recently proposed video modeling methods in the literature. Our proposed $GEO^Y/G/{\infty}$ model is observed to consistently provide conservative performance predictions, in terms of packet loss ratio, within acceptable error at various traffic loads of interest in practical multimedia streaming systems, while the existing transformed-M/G/${\infty}$ fails. For real-time implementation of our model, we analyze G/D/1/K queueing systems with $GEO^Y/G/{\infty}$ input process to upper estimate the packet loss probabilities.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.25 no.10A
• /
• pp.1554-1559
• /
• 2000

On ATM networks, MPEG video stream is transferred using CBR or VBR services. But because the MPEG video traffic varies greatly from time to time, it is very difficult to transfer the MPEG steam efficiently without loss of transmission bandwidth. Until now, the study on the traffic analysis and control on a single MPEG video stream has been done by many researchers, but the traffic analysis and control on a multiplexed traffic of multiple MPEG video streams has not been studied by any researcher. This paper proposes a multiplexing method to reduce the PCR and traffic variance of a multiplexed traffic of multiple MPEG video streams. By reducing the PCR of the multiplexed traffic, the multiplexed VBR traffic can be transferred efficiently with less loss of transmission bandwidth.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.374-395
• /
• 2017

Users quite often experience volatile channel conditions which negatively influence multimedia transmission. HTTP adaptive streaming has emerged as a new promising technology where the video quality can be adjusted to variable network conditions. Nevertheless, the new technology does not remain without drawbacks. As it has been observed, multiple video players sharing the same network link have often problems with achieving good efficiency and stability of play-out due to a mutual interference and competition among video players. Our investigation indicates that there may be another cause for under-performance of the streamed video. In an emulated environment, we implemented three algorithms of adaptive video play-out based on bandwidth or buffer assessment. As we show, traffic generated by players employing the same or similar play-out strategies is positively correlated and synchronised (clustered), whereas traffic originated from different play-out strategies shows negative or no correlations. However, when some of the parameters of the play-out strategies are randomised, the correlation and synchronisation diminish what has a positive impact on the smoothness of the traffic and on the video quality perceived by end users. Our research shows that non-correlated traffic flows generated by play-out strategies improve efficiency and stability of streamed adaptive video.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.12 no.8
• /
• pp.3804-3819
• /
• 2018

The increasing popularity of HTTP adaptive video streaming services has dramatically increased bandwidth requirements on operator networks, which attempt to shape their traffic through Deep Packet inspection (DPI). However, Google and certain content providers have started to encrypt their video services. As a result, operators often encounter difficulties in shaping their encrypted video traffic via DPI. This highlights the need for new traffic classification methods for encrypted HTTP adaptive video streaming to enable smart traffic shaping. These new methods will have to effectively estimate the quality representation layer and playout buffer. We present a new machine learning method and show for the first time that video quality representation classification for (YouTube) encrypted HTTP adaptive streaming is possible. The crawler codes and the datasets are provided in [43,44,51]. An extensive empirical evaluation shows that our method is able to independently classify every video segment into one of the quality representation layers with 97% accuracy if the browser is Safari with a Flash Player and 77% accuracy if the browser is Chrome, Explorer, Firefox or Safari with an HTML5 player.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.24 no.7B
• /
• pp.1268-1278
• /
• 1999

In this paper, we propose an analytic method for dimensioning of traffic descriptors at the leaky bucket-based UPC for VBR MPEG video traffic on ATM networks. We analytically derive cell violation probabilities at the UPC by using the proposed scene-based video traffic model, and then we show that it is possible to select sets of traffic descriptors that have the same required violation probability. For two example video traces, numerical results show that our proposed traffic descriptors dimensioning method can approximate well the simulation-based traffic control results of the real video traces. When the effective bandwidth allocation method of an ON/OFF model is used for the call admission control in the networks, we present an efficient traffic descriptor selection method by studying the allocated bandwidth to each possible traffic descriptor set.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.11 no.11
• /
• pp.1069-1076
• /
• 2016

Recent development in visual sensor technologies has encouraged various researches on adding imaging capabilities to sensor networks. Video data are bigger than other sensor data, so it is essential to manage the amount of image data efficiently. In this paper, a new method of video traffic estimation is proposed for efficient traffic management of visual sensor networks. In the proposed method, a first order autoregressive model is used for modeling the traffic with the consideration of the characteristics of video traffics acquired from visual sensors, and a Kalman filter algorithm is used to estimate the amount of video traffics. The proposed method is computationally simple, so it is proper to be applied to sensor nodes. It is shown by experimental results that the proposed method is simple but estimate the video traffics exactly by less than 1% of the average.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 1998.10a
• /
• pp.87-90
• /
• 1998

Many recent studies have been conducted involving the transport of constant and variable bit rate MPEG-2 video in asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks. In this study, the traffic control of supporting MPEG-2 video communications in ATM networks under unloaded or loaded network conditions, in which the generated traffic sources are bursty in nature, are considered. We analyse about MPEG-2 traffic and design a model, which makes use of the ATM OAM funcation in order to support the traffic control functions. To implement the model, we propose a scheme, which combines the performance management OAM function and the bandwidth allocation function. Especially, we design this scheme to control the VBR (Variable Bit Rate)MPEG-2 video traffic.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.53-63
• /
• 2016

This paper applies WiMedia UWB network into a wireless ship area network (WSAN) so as to support high-quality multimedia services on board and reliable instrument control information as well, since the need for mixed high-quality video traffic and shipboard control data traffic is essential for a high-cost valued digital ship. Thus, in this paper, prioritized contention access (PCA) and distributed reservation protocol (DRP) based on WiMedia UWB (ECMA-368) MAC protocols are combined and proposed to such mixed traffic environment, by varying the portions of superframe according to traffic type. It is shown that the proposed WiMedia UWB MAC protocol can provide reliable mixed video and shipboard control data traffic as well.