• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.281-299
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• 2014

This study using a transaction cost approach perspective, this paper presents a model for understanding shopper's buying behavior. Finally, based on the results of these studies, this paper suggests practical implications to companies establishing their management strategy of the channels. In order to achieve the research purpose, it derived hypotheses from the literature studies and conducted questionnaire survey for the buyer who actually purchased by distribution channels. In this paper, 876 of the samples has been used in practice and with those samples it analyzes its empirical testing through reliability verification, validation, factor analysis, correlation analysis and covariance structure analysis.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.39-59
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to examine the possibility of whether B2B e-marketplaces continue to grow. There are numerous barriers to the growth of e-marketplace, but certain key factors can push e-marketplaces beyond these obstacles. In the stage of generating traffic, it is essential to find a vertical area to attract buyers and sellers which can generate B2B transaction through e-marketplace. Generating traffic is possible only for e-marketplaces established by those who have vertical knowledges and strong off-line relationship in the vertical areas. In the stage of concentrating traffic, more attention should be given to reach critical mass and to increase transaction through e-marketplace. Currently, there seems to be a tendency that having major buyers as members of a e-marketplace is an true factor for the successful e-marketplace. Finally, to attain the locking traffic, e-marketplace needs to have the ability to generate revenue through B2B transaction. What we have learn from this study is that having the software-technology is not a sufficient condition to successfully operate B2B e-marketplace. It is important for e-marketplace to attract major players in order to increase B2B transaction, and also to make profit by them.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.71
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• pp.85-105
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• 2016

Independent guarantee is new financial product developed in international commercial transaction. The nature of independent guarantee is an independent undertaking, which takes the form of documentary transaction. As long as the documents presented by the beneficiary are on their face complying with the terms and conditions of the guarantee, the guarantor is obliged to pay upon the complying presentation. Where parties choose to apply for issue of independent guarantee in international commercial transactions in China, Chinese court shall respect the autonomy of parties. If either the guarantor or the beneficiary is located outside of China, or the facts which cause the establishment, change or cancellation of independent guarantee relationship occurred outside of China, it shall be deemed as foreign related independent guarantee. If the interested parties requests for confirmation of the independence of foreign related independent guarantee, it shall be supported by Chinese court. However, parties dealing with Chinese domestic commercial transaction have not fully realized the severity of independent guarantee liability. The market credit is being cultivated and the financial innovation is being explored at present in China. In order to guard against the systematic and the regional financial risk, before relevant rules are promulgated, Chinese court shall not recognize the independence guarantees issued for the domestic commercial transaction, but treat it as joint liability surety.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.697-706
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• 2020

This study investigates the relationship between related loan, ownership concentration and real estate firm performance. The data was collected from 35 real estate firms listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2007 to 2012. Related loans are viewed from the angle of related lending and loan. Related lending and loan is measured by the related lending on total lending ratio and related loan on total loan ratio. Firm performance is measured by the asset turnover ratio and return on assets ratio. Ownership concentration is measured by the right cash flow. The data analysis was done with regression analysis and panel data. The results of the study found that related loans had a positive effect on sales but had no effect on profits. This supports the efficient transaction hypothesis. On the other hand, related lending has a positive effect on profits that supports opportunistic transactions. Ownership concentration moderates the effect of related loan on company's performance. The related lending are beneficial for mutually supporting activities in the real estate sector business group in Indonesia, but related loans have the potential to be used in tunneling activities. The paper contributes to the related party transaction in benefits-risks of related lending and related loan in uncertainty context.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.861-872
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• 2008

Despite the recent increase in the prevalence of the franchise system in the foodservivce industry is increased recently, the its variation the exigencies of the industry itself requires that franchise systems to be fully equipped with various a variety of business strategies which is indispensable to run franchise system. In the previous studies, most the majority of researchers have been likely to gathered samples from only one region, or all from a similar type of business. However, considering the difference between Seoul and other areas or categories of business type, there could be may be differences different with in these conditions (market orientation, transaction specific assets, environmental dynamic, and trust and trust). Therefore, the principal objective of this study aims was to verify the differences among areas and categories of franchise business. The results of this article are as follows : the variables of customer orientation, competitor orientation, environmental dynamics, and trust and transaction- specific assets show evidence regional differences (p<0.01), and these variables are differ significantly different by category of business (p<0.05). However, the present paper is limited in its scope. Further studies on into different largesclae assessments are needed required.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.577-587
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to test the relationships between transaction justice and partnership, between transaction justice and project performance, and between partnership and project performance in the selection process in which a prime contract company chooses a subcontractor. For the empirical study, we chose a research model based on related studies and surveyed the real contractors in the field of construction. The results of this study are as follows. First, the partnership has a statistically significant positive effect on the interactional justice, procedural justice, and distributed justice. Second, the project performance is affected by the interactional justice and procedural justice. Finally, the transaction justice has a directly positive relation with the project performance and an indirectly positive relation with the project performance through partnership. In this study, we carried out empirical research into the relationship between transaction justice and project performance through partnership.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.53-62
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• 2018

Purpose - The focus of this study is to investigate the structural influences such as brand value, relationship value, market orientation, long-term orientation, and performance. The effects of brand value and relationship value on the differences on transaction performance in b2b was investigated. Research design, data, and methodology - The subject of this study was a liquor and beverage distribution company that deals in b2b. The research hypothesis is based on literature of the preceding research analysis of brand value, relationship value, market orientation and long-term orientation. This study has constructs that was defined operationally by referencing previous studies. Operational questionnaire was used to investigate the target key staff who work in the liquor and beverage distribution company. 178 survey data were used for empirical analysis to prove the hypothesis. This study used structural equation techniques(AMOS) to prove the research hypothesis. Results - The main results of this empirical study were as follows. First, supplier's brand awareness has a positive effect on market orientation, but did not affect long-term orientation. Brand awareness of suppliers indicates that they are not directly related to long-term orientation. Second, supplier's brand image has a positive effect on market orientation and long-term orientation in b2b transaction. So, the brand image and reputation of the supplier suggest that it is important for the b2b transaction to have a market orientation tendency or a long-term orientation. Third, supplier's relationship value has a positive effect on long-term orientation, but does not affect market orientation. Relationship value indicates that they are not directly related to market orientations of the buyer. Fourth, Market orientation has a positive effect on long-term orientation and marketing performance and long-term orientation has a positive effect on marketing performance in b2b. Additionally, the buyers market and long term orientation are important factors in marketing performance in b2b. ' Conclusions - Based on empirical results, this study confirmed that brand image rather than brand awareness positively influenced long-term orientation as well as market orientation in b2b. Relationship value can be found in transactions, which is important for long-term orientation. Especially, these findings are suggestive in the consumer goods distribution market.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.69-90
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• 2001

This study is to confirm how customers relationship-orientation toward the focal company has been constructed by what factors. The major factors are including the level of customer satisfaction and four components of transaction-characteristics like efficiency of decision making, inertia of decision making, information-seeking in store, and perceived risk. For testing of the hypotheses, customer survey has been conducted at four department stores and three discount stores in the Bundang Area. The sample size is 494. The result of the survey has indicated that customers relationship-orientation is influenced by customer satisfaction, efficiency of decision making, and inertia of decision making, but not by information-seeking in store and perceived risk. Further research has been needed for solving these conflicting results.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.193-218
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• 2024

The current study investigated the factors influencing the buyer's repurchase intention for second-hand products. This study first identified perceived risk and purchase value as the two primary influencing variables. Additionally, some exogenous variables influencing these two variables were examined. Statistical analysis using Partial Least Squares (PLS) revealed that product uncertainty, seller uncertainty, and site trust had statistically significant relationships with perceived transaction risk. However, while economic benefit showed a significant impact on purchase value, product scarcity and resale value did not exhibit a significant relationship with purchase value. Perceived transaction risk was found to have an insignificant relationship with repurchase intention, but indirectly influenced repurchase intention through purchase value. Purchase value was identified as having a significant influence on repurchase intention. Therefore, it was concluded that purchase value is the most important factor influencing repurchase intention in the purchase of second-hand products, while transaction risk indirectly influences repurchase intention through purchase value. The study indicates that product uncertainty and economic benefit are the most significant exogenous factors influencing transaction risk and purchase value, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1432-1443
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship among the sub-dimensions of interaction and the relationship between interactions and needs satisfactions in the apparel brand online communities. Subjects of 317 members for 9 selected apparel communities responded the questionnaire in the home-page or in the attached file. The results were as follows: The suggested structural equation model which showed the relationship between the interactions and needs satisfaction in communities were accepted($\chi^2=63.80/df.=48/p=0.06$, GFI=0.97, AGFI=0.95, RMR=0.045, NFI=0.93, AIC=123.80). The interaction of company-consumer hads a positive influence on the interaction of consumers-consumers(H1) and the interaction of consumers-consumers had a positive influence on the interaction of consumers-company(H2). The interaction among community members had a positive influence on the satisfaction of interest needs(H3), transaction needs(H4) and relationship needs(H5) in the community. The relationship needs satisfaction had a positive influence on the interaction of members to the company(H6). Therefore, marketers in apparel company should be fully aware of reciprocal influence among types of interaction when planning marketing programs to promote each type of interaction. Furthermore, they also have to plan marketing activities to manage effective interaction.