• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.123-139
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• 2015

The objective of this study was to document how clinical dietitians working at tertiary hospitals spend their time based on several categories of activities using a time measurement study. The questionnaires were distributed to 14 tertiary hospitals, and dietitians answered by classifying their work activities into several categories such as general care, indirect care, direct care, outpatient care, and food service management. A total of 129 clinical dietitians replied and their answers were analyzed according to the categories of activities. The times spent on the categories are as follows: general care (76.7 mins/day, 14%), indirect care (228.4 mins/day, 35%), direct care (120.1 mins/day, 22%), outpatient care (61.5 mins/day, 11%), and food service management (99.0 mins/day, 18%). The total working hours for dietitians was 590.0 mins, which exceeds the standard working hours of 540.0 mins (9 hrs) a day. From this study, we found that clinical dietitians spent very limited time on direct care. Times spent on activities were different according to type of employment and food service. Internship dietitians spent their more time on general care (P<0.001) while irregular dietitians spent more time on outpatient care (P<0.05). In contracted managed food service hospitals, clinical dietitians spent significantly less time on food service management (P<0.001). Regardless of doctors' order and consultation fees, clinical dietitians performed more than 95 percent of free consultation to patients. Entry-level knowledge and skills of dietitians working at hospitals are very important for quality service, but it is equally important to create an administrative and social environment that encourages clinical dietitian to spend more time on direct patient care.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.371-381
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to develop the day care program for the demented elders and to determine the effects of multiple activity therapies on the physical, emotional, cognitive, social function and physiological indicators of dementia elders in day care center. Method: A total of 13 elders with mild dementia in the data care center were participated. Manual and guideline of data care program was developed. Data care program was composed of movement/exercise, foot massage, music therapy, horticultural therapy, and art therapy. Data care program was performed by trained intervener for 32 weeks. Instruments were physical functioning such as hand grip strength., vital capacity, chiar stand test, sit and reach test, one leg standing, Berg' Balance scale, 6m Walk Velocity, stair climb, ADL, GDS-K, MMSE-K, Integrative Social Functioning Scale, cortisol, Ig A and Ig G. These were measured at the baseline, 16-week, and 32-week post-intervention by the trained nurses. Data were analyzed as Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: For Hand grip, balance, and vital capacity, there was a significant difference between baseline and 16-week post-intervention(p<.05). For one leg standing, 6m velocity, there was a significant difference between 16-week post-intervention and 32-week post-intervention(p<.05). For Stair climb, there was a significant difference between baseline and 32-week post-intervention(p<.05). For depression and social functioning, there was no significant difference among baseline, 16-week, and 32-week post-intervention. For cognitive functioning, there was a significant difference between baseline and 32-week post intervention(p<.05). There was a significant difference of cortisol, and Ig G between baseline and 32-week post-intervention(p<.05). Conclusion: It would appear that physical fitness, functional performance, ADL, depression, social and cognitive functioning, and physiological indicator of community dwelling elders with dementia can be improved through day care program using multiple stimuli.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.47-56
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• 2024

Through an examination of future societal development, it was found that the demographic structure is gradually aging, thus placing higher demands on elderly welfare centers. This study conducted surveys on three elderly day care centers in the entire region, aiming to enhance the pivotal role of elderly day care centers in the welfare facilities for the elderly. The current usage status, interior architectu/ral evaluations, and questionnaire surveys of these centers were analysed. The results of investigation into the architectural environment of the elderly day care centers showed that in terms of physical environment, smaller-scale centers did not lag behind larger ones in internal facilities, but larger-scale centers excelled in spatial utilization. Furthermore, the results of questionnaire survey results revealed correlations between family relationships, health status, level of assistance required, and satisfaction with facility usage, while no correlation was found between usage time, health status, and satisfaction with facility usage. This study conducted basic investigations such as architectural and physical surveys, and questionnaire surveys on elderly day care centers. Based on the survey results, future design practices should continuously explore and innovate to meet the needs of an aging society, further improve the community care system, provide more comprehensive and meticulous services for the elderly, and lay the foundation for enhancing the quality of life for the elderly and providing comfortable services.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.339-348
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• 2009

Purpose: We aimed to describe and compare the cognitive function, anxiety, and quality of life for the demented elderly in day care centers or nursing homes. Methods: We selected 44 subjects from day care centers and 63 subjects from nursing homes by performing convenience sampling. The Korean version of Mini Mental Status Examination was used for measuring cognitive status; Rating Anxiety in Dementia, for assessing anxiety; Korean Version of Quality of Life-Alzheimer's Disease, for assessing the quality of life. The data were collected from May to June 2008 and analyzed by SPSS/WIN 14.0. Results: 1) The cognitive function of the subjects in the day care center was higher than that of the subjects in the nursing home. Anxiety in the subjects in the nursing home was higher than that in the subjects in the day care center. 2) The cognitive function and quality of life of the subjects in the day care center showed statistically significant correlation, 3) The anxiety and quality of life of the subjects in the nursing home showed statistically significant correlation. Conclusions: Nursing interventions that improve the quality of life of the demented elderly should be considered and applied according to the degree of cognitive function and anxiety.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.81-91
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the development of general and oral health improvement programs for the elderly by analyzing the effect of health risk factors on the remaining teeth of the elderly in day care centers. Methods : The subjects were 294 elderly people who used day care centers in Seoul. Results : In terms of health risk factors, the elderly who did not have diabetes or smoke had more remaining teeth. In terms of oral health risk factors, the elderly with no dental caries, periodontal disease and dental pain had more remaining teeth. Conclusions : It is necessary to activate systematic welfare services for the elderly that fit their lifestyle in the light of the health and oral health risk factors of the elderly who use day care centers.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.351-363
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• 2005

This study examined the relations between dual-earner parents' attitudes toward the employer-supported day care service and their expectations of well-being improvement. The data of this study were collected from 271 dual-earner couples. The main results of this study were as follows: 1) Dual-earner parents showed more positive attitudes toward the employer-supported day care service. 2) Significant difference by sex was observed in dual-earner parents' attitudes toward the service: Mothers displayed more positive attitudes than fathers. Also, either being positive or negative in the attitude differed according to the respondents' income and job. 3) Parents' attitude toward the day care service was significantly correlated with expectations of well-being improvement. The more positive attitudes they showed about the service, the more expectations of well-being improvement they reported, and vice versa. 4) Positive (employers, parents, children) and negative (parents) attitudes were significant variables predicting parents' expectations of well-being improvement.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.623-631
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutrition knowledge of day-care center teachers and their guidance activities during meal time. Self-administered questionnaires were completed by 302 day care center teachers from September to November, 2004. The average score of nutrition knowledge was $12.9\pm2.3$ out of possible 20 points. As the teachers older(p<0.01) and the teaching careers longer(p<0.05), the scores of the nutrition knowledge was significantly higher. Those who had dietitian license showed significantly higher scores than others(p<0.01). Guidance activities during meal time were evaluated by the 5-point Likert scale on 24 items and the average score turned out to be $4.3\pm0.4$. The score showed significant difference only according to the length of the teaching career(p<0.05). These findings suggested that nutritional guidance and nutrition education program for day care center teachers should be developed so that they can effectively manage meal service and provide good nutrition for young children.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.171-186
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• 1999

This study investigated behavior problems of toddlers in the day care setting and difficulties of the caregivers due to such behaviors. The subjects were 24 toddlers enrolled in two day care centers and 56 caregivers at day care centers in Seoul. Toddlers were observed and teachers filled out questionnaires. Analysis of the data by $x^2$ and correlations revealed the kind of behavior problems frequently shown by toddlers, sex differences, differences between centers, and the caregivers' points of view regarding the frequency and difficulties of such behaviors.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.722-731
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• 2004

The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of non-heat-processed foods for implementation of a HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) system in day-care center foodservice operations. The evaluating points were microbial assessment of foods, utensils, and employee's hands during preparation, cooking, and serving. The temperature of non-heated food being served was also measured. Microbiological quality was assessed using 3 M Petrifilm/syp TM/ to measure total plate count and coliforms for food and utensils and Staphylococcus aureus for hands in five Gumi day-care centers. Results showed low microbiological quality of non-heated foods. This was probably due to contaminated raw ingredients and cross-contamination that occurred during preparation and cooking (e.g., unsatisfactory washing and disinfection of raw materials and utensils). These results suggest that it is essential to educate employees on good personal hygiene (hand washing) , prevention of cross-contamination through use of properly washed and sanitized utensils, and proper washing and disinfection of raw vegetables. Establishing Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures (SSOPs) are an essential part of any RACCP system in day-care center foodservice operations.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.179-199
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• 2000

The quality of equipment and facilities of 89 social welfare Institutions in T. City was investigated by a questionnaire submitted to 705 day care teachers. The questionnaire was made up of 28 items about indoor equipments and 22 items about outdoor facilities. Results showed that the quality of indoor and outdoor equipment and facilities did not meet the minimum legal criteria. Recommendations wear made for systematic rating and enforcement of laws concerning day care equipment and facilities.