• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.902-905
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• 2001

The effect of exo-polymer from Ganoderma lucidum on the swimming endurance capacity of mice was investigated. The administration of the exo-polymer (100 mg/kg body weight) increased the swimming endurance capacity of mice by about 10 min and reduced the muscle and liver glycogen exhaustion by $18.5\%\;and\;67.2\%$, respectively. A substantial decrease in serum lactate accumulation ($50.7\%$) was also achieved under the influence of the exo-polymer. The exo-polymer was determined to be a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 780 kDa and found to contain $82.8\%$ carbohydrate and $17.2\%$ protein.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.184-187
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• 1999

Increase in fat mobilization by capsaicin(CAP) was investigated in high-fat-fed mice using an adjustable current water pool. Male ICR 7-wk-old mice were fed a high fat diet [50% total energy content in the diet(E%) fat, 20 E% protein, 30E% carbohydrate] for 2 wk and one group (HCAP) was orally administered CAP at 2 h before swimming. After being accustomed to swimming , the mice were subjected to forced swimming every 2d in the current water pol and the total swimming period until exhaustion was measured . The total swimming period was used as index of swimming capacity. Swimming time to exhaustion of treated mice was significantly longer than that of the high-fat-fed control group (100.2$\pm$10.6 vs. 58.0$\pm$8.5min, P<0.01) after 2wk of training. The concentration of serum-free fatty scids gradually increased up to 2 h in CAP -administered mice. The perirenal adipose tissue weight of CAP -administered mice (HCAP) before swimming was lower than that of the high-fat-fed mice adminstered placebo solution (HP) which had not ingested CAP during the 2 wk. These results suggest that the increase of swimming capacity of CAP-administered high-fat-fed mice was due to an increase of fat mobilization that was induced by CAP.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.297-307
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• 2015

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effect of Cervi Cornu and coenzymeQ10 on exercise and endurance capacity in rats and mice. Methods: The extract of Cervi Cornu was manufactured by the pharmacy department of Kyung Hee Oriental Medical Hospital, and CoQ10 soft cap (Ildong Pharmaceutical) was used. In total, 24 rats and 30 mice were divided into 3 groups: Control (rat=8, mouse=10), CoQ10 alone (rat=8, mouse=10), Cervi Cornu extract, and CoQ10 (rat=8, mouse=10). Ergogenic effect was evaluated by administering the Cervi Cornu extract and coenzymeQ10 to rats and measuring the time to exhaustion during treadmill running; endurance capacity was assessed by measuring cold water swimming time, serum lactate level, and serum corticosterone level in each group. At 1 week from the end of treatment, we recalculated time to exhaustion during treadmill running in rats to investigate the long-term effect of the Cervi Cornu extract and coenzymeQ10. Results: Cervi Cornu extract has long-term benefits in that it preserves the ergogenic effect caused by exercise. Cervi Cornu and coenzymeQ10 have no effect on increasing cold water swimming time in ICR mice. CoenzymeQ10 decreases the serum corticosterone level in ICR mice performing cold water swimming test. Conclusions: Cervi Cornu seems to preserve the ergogenic effect caused by exercise, but a larger study is needed to investigate effect of Cervi Cornu and coenzymeQ10 on improving endurance capacity. CoenzymeQ10 decreases serum corticosterone level and it is related with the anti-psychological fatigue effect.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권12호
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• pp.1937-1941
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• 2014

능소화과인 Tabebuia avellanedae인 타히보는 중앙아메리카와 남아메리카의 아열대 우림지역에서 서식하며 이들은 민간 약제로 사용되어 왔다. 본 연구는 타히보 추출물의 라디칼 소거활성에 기초한 항산화 활성과 운동능력 향상 효과에 대한 활성을 검토하였다. 타히보로부터 얻은 두 추출물 타히보 열수 추출물(TAW)과 타히보 80% 에탄올 추출물(TAE)의 운동능력 향상 효과와 총 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 함량과 항산화 활성을 평가하였다. 운동능력 향상 효과는 TAW가 대조군 대비 2.0배, TAE는 1.8배 증가하였다. 두 추출물의 항산화 활성은 라디칼 소거활성(DPPH와 ABTS)으로 평가하였다. 동일 농도에서 TAE는 TAW와 비교하여 라디칼 소거활성이 높게 났고 TAE의 총 폴리페놀 함량이 항산화 활성과 연관되어 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이는 운동으로 인한 산화스트레스를 방어함으로써 마우스의 운동능력 향상 효과를 나타낸 것으로 사료된다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1351-1357
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• 2009

KH-red ginseng/chlorella (KH-RG/C) is the mixed material of the Korean red ginseng powder (Panax ginseng, 75%) and extract of Chlorella vulgaris (25%). To evaluate the effects of KH-RG/C on endurance capacity and immune regulation, the forced swimming test (FST) was conducted. The immobility time in the FST was significantly decreased in KH-RG/C treated group compared with the DW-treated group at the 3 and 10 days, respectively. In the analysis of the blood biochemical parameters, KH-RG/C treatment significantly increased the glucose level. However, the lactic dehydrogenase level decreased. Although KH-RG/C increased aspartate aminotransferase, it was not different significantly. And KH-RG/C had no affects in the alanine aminotransferase, and blood urea nitrogen levels. In splenocytes and macrophages, KH-RG/C also did not affect the interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and IL-12 production. These results suggest that KH-RG/C may influence to immune regulation through increasing the physical endurance capacity without effect in activation of immune cells.

• 약학회지
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• 제58권3호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2014

The aim of this was to evaluate the effects of Rhus Verniciflua Stoke (RVS) extract powder on the endurance capacity for the forced swimming mice. Thirty mice were divided into 3 groups including negative control, 250 (RVS-250) and 500 (RVS-500) mg/kg RVS extract powder groups for 4-times swimming exercises. The swimming times to exhaustion in RVS-250 and RVS-500 mice were prolonged 1.6- and 2.0-fold at 4 weeks compared with negative control mice, respectively. Blood biochemical parameters for AST, ALT, T-CHO and TG were not significantly different between RVS fed or negative control mice. However, blood concentration of creatinine was significantly increased in RVS-250 mice, but not in RVS-500 mice. During the longer swimming exercise in RVS group, blood glucose and lactate levels were significantly decreased, but free fatty acid not changed. And also LDH levels were significantly decreased in RVS groups compared to negative control mice. Hepatic lipid peroxidation was not affected by RVS, but SOD and catalase activity were significantly increased in RVS groups. Interestingly, the levels of testosterone and free testosterone were significantly increased in RVS groups before swimming exercise, but they were not significantly changed among groups after swimming exercise. The present results suggest that RVS extract powders may enhance swimming exercise performance by recovering the exercise-fatigue via reduction of blood LDH activity and by burning blood glucose as an energy source. These results imply that RVS-produced testosterone may act as an energy buster to enhance physical activity.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.363-371
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• 2020

This study was designed to evaluate the improvement in exercise endurance by Hovenia dulcis fruit hot water extract (HDWE) for the potential application as a functional food material. The effect was based on the evaluation of the forced-swimming capacity and changes in biochemical parameters in mice. Six-week-old mice were classified into four groups based on a randomized block design: the negative control group, the HDWE 50 mg/kg body weight group, the HDWE 200 mg/kg body weight group, and the 1-octacosanol 50 mg/kg body weight group (n=8 mice per group). The swimming exercise time in the HDWE-50 group was increased at 545±43 sec compared to the control group at 263±28 sec. The HDWE-200 fatigue indicators, lactate acid and ammonia content, decreased to 4.99±0.33 mg/mL and 0.63±0.05 mg/mL, respectively. In addition, the content of glycogen in the liver and muscle tended to increase in the group administered HDWE but was not significant. Likewise, the LDH and glucose contents were increased compared to the control group. The muscle damage indicators ALT (52.7±2.6 U/L) and AST (42.5±5.2 U/L) tended to decrease compared to the control group (76.4±10.2 U/L).

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2024

Objective : This study examined the effects of yaksun recipe on the anti-fatigue and endurance enhancement properties in the forced swimming test (FST). Methods : The treatment groups were divided randomly into three groups: water-treated FST (control), 200 mg/kg of red ginseng-treated FST (RG200), 200 mg/kg of water extract of yaksun recipe-treated FST (YS200). After FST, an autopsy was performed, and the tissue and serum were collected. Results : The swimming exhaustion time in the RG200 and YG200 groups were significantly increased compared to the control group. The YG200 group fatigue indicators, D-Lactate, LDH(lactate dehydrogenase), creatine kinase, and ammonia content, significantly decreased compared to the control group. In addition, liver glycogen content significantly increased in the YG200 and tended to increase in RG200. Likewise, the glucose contents were significantly increased compared to the control group. The muscle damage indicators GPT (glutamic pyruvic transaminase) and BUN (blood urea nitrogen), a protein metabolite, in the YG200 group significantly decreased compared to the control group. Furthermore the concentration of liver lipid peroxidation, MDA(malondialdehyde) levels significantly decreased in the RG200 and YG200 compared to control group. Conclusions : These results suggest that YG200 can increase the endurance exercise capacity by decreasing the fatigue indicators, saving glycogen, and elevating the antioxidant defense system.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.214-220
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• 2005

구전에 의해서 건강 보신식품으로 알려져 온 뱀과 자라에 대하여 이들 추출물에 대하여 흰쥐의 운동수행능력에 미치는 영향에 대하여 평가하고, 보신식품에 대한 기초자료 축적 및 향후 의약품 대체식품 개발에 이용 가능한 원료로서의 가능성을 평가하고자 하였다. 흰쥐의 식이에 5% 사탕 또는 1% 용봉탕을 첨가하고 4주간 사육한 후 90분간 수영시킨 군(90-min subgroups)과 탈진 때까지 수영시킨 군(all-out subgroups)을 두 하부군으로 나누어 분석하였다. 강제수영능력 시간을 측정한 결과 용봉탕 또는 사탕은 흰쥐의 수영시간에 거의 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 90-min subgroups의 피로요소 측정 결과 대조군에 비해 사탕 추출물 첨가식이를 섭취한 군의 혈청 젖산 농도가 유의적으로 낮았으나(p<0.05), 무기인산, creatine kinase 및 요산 농도는 ET군과 ES군 모두 대조군과의 유의적인 차이는 없었다. All-out subgroups과 대조군의 혈청 피로 요소 역시 사탕 섭취군의 젖산 농도가 높았던 점 이외에 다른 요소의 농도는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 따라서, 용봉탕 및 사창 추출물의 섭취로 인한 지구력운동 수행에 대한 효능 및 혈청 피로 요소에 미치는 영향은 전혀 없다고 판단할 수 있으며, 이들이 몸을 이롭게 한다는 인식은 영양 보충식품으로 이해할 수는 있지만, 건강기능 면에서는 잘못된 믿음이라고 판단된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.219-227
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• 2009

한방재료 즉 오미자 및 매실 추출물과 당밀이 혼합된 미네랄 음료의 항피로효과 및 지구력 증진효과를 연구하기 위하여 ICR 생쥐의 강제수영능력 및 생화학적 요인을 측정하였다. 6% 당과 전해질용액에 오미자추출물, 매실추출물 및 당밀을 혼합한 음료들을 실험군들에게 4주 동안 자유로이 섭취시켰다. 음료들을 섭취한 10 group의 실험동물들은 28일 후 강제수영하였으며 한방음료를 섭취한 실험군(6번 음료; 190.8${\pm}$25.6 sec, 10번 음료; 173.6${\pm}$21.8 sec; p<0.05)의 강제수영시간은 대조군(93.2${\pm}$10.4 sec)에 비하여 1.5${\sim}$2배 증가하였다. 또한 6번 음료 및 10번 음료의 hexokinase 및 citrate synthase 활성 역시 대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 높았다 (hexokinase 활성 - 대조군:5.23${\pm}$0.38 ${\mu}mol$/g tissue; 6번 음료: 5.99${\pm}$0.18 ${\mu}mol$l/g tissue, 10번 음료: 6.13${\pm}$0.25 ${\mu}mol$/g tissue, p<0.05, citrate synthase 활성 - (대조군: 42.9${\pm}$1.87 ${\mu}mol$/g tissue; 6번 음료: 56.8${\pm}$3.98 ${\mu}mol$/g tissue, 10번 음료; 59.5${\pm}$3.09 ${\mu}mol$/g tissue, p<0.05). 한방음료를 섭취한 실험군 이 대조군에 비하여 훨씬 오랜 시간 강제수영을 하였으나 비복근 및 간의 glycogen 함량은 실험동물군들 사이에서 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이것은 지구력이 증진되었음을 보여주는 한 예이다. 이러한 실험결과는 실험에 사용한 한방음료가 피로예방, 지구력 증진 및 운동수행능력을 증진하는데 매우 효과가 있음을 말해준다.