• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.290-298
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• 2014

A bacterial strain with the potential ability to solubilize heavy metals was isolated from heavy metal contaminated soils collected from abandoned mines of Boryeong area in South Korea. The bacterial strain with the highest degree of metal resistance was shown to have close proximity with Shewanella xiamenensis FJ589031, according to 16S rRNA sequence analysis, and selected for investigating the mobilization of metals in soil or plant by the strain. The strain was found to be capable of solubilizing metals both in the absence and in the presence of metals (Co, Pb and Cd). Metal mobilization potential of the strain was assessed in a batch experiment and the results showed that inoculation could increase the concentrations of water soluble Co, Pb and Cd by 48, 34 and 20% respectively, compared with those of non-inoculated soils. Bacterial-assisted growth promotion and metal uptake in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) was evaluated in a pot experiment. In comparison with non-inoculated seedlings, the inoculation led to increase the growth of H. annuus by 24, 18 and 16% respectively in Co, Pb and Cd contaminated soils. Moreover, enhanced accumulation of Co, Pb and Cd in the shoot and root systems was observed in inoculated plants, where metal translocation from root to the above-ground tissues was also found to be enhanced by the strain. Plant growth promotion and metal mobilizing potential of the strain suggest that the strain could effectively be employed in enhancing phytoextraction of Co, Pb and Cd from contaminated soils.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.195-198
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• 1975

해바라기의 생육불량(生育不良) 원인(原因)을 토양(土壤) 및 식물체(植物體) 분석(分析)에 의(依)하여 본 결과 붕소결핍(硼素缺乏)으로 나타났으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 붕소결핍(硼素缺乏)은 토양(土壤)의 유효붕소함량(有効硼素含量)(열수침출(熱水浸出))이 적은데 기인(基因)했으며 유효붕소(有効硼素) 임계농도(臨界濃度)는 0.17ppm으로 나타났다. 2. 식물체(植物體)에서의 임계농도(臨界濃度)는 화부(花部)(두부(頭部))에서 15ppm 근(根)에서는 10ppm으로 나타났다. 상위엽(上位葉)으로 갈수록 B함량(含量)은 상당히 감소하였다. 3. 붕소(硼素)가 적은 토양(土壤)은 Ca가 많았으며 유기물(有機物)이나 산도(酸度) 기타 양분(養分)과의 관계가 불확실했다. 4. 붕소결핍(硼素缺乏)된 식물체(植物體)는 Ca와 P가 두부(頭部)에는 높고 근부(根部)에 낮으며 N는 높고 K는 낮은 편이며 Mg와 Fe는 관계가 불확실했다. 5. 붕소결핍(硼素缺乏)은 줄기와 상부(上部)의 갈변고사(褐變枯死) 및 줄기와 뿌리가 부분적으로 파열(破裂)되고 흑변(黑變)하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.2079-2094
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• 2018

Sunflower trypsin inhibitor (SFTI) is a 14-amino-acid bicyclic peptide that contains a single internal disulfide bond. We initially constructed chimeras of SFTI with N-terminal secretion signals from the Escherichia coli OmpA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ToxA, but only detected small amounts of protease inhibition resulting from these constructs. A substantially higher degree of protease inhibition was detected from a C-terminal SFTI fusion with E. coli YebF, which radiated more than a centimeter from an individual colony of E. coli using a culture-based inhibitor assay. Inhibitory activity was further improved in YebF-SFTI fusions by the addition of a trypsin cleavage signal immediately upstream of SFTI, and resulted in production of a 14-amino-acid, disulfide-bonded SFTI free in the culture supernatant. To assess the potential of the secreted SFTI to protect the ability of a cytotoxic protein to kill tumor cells, we utilized a tumor-selective form of the Pseudomonas ToxA (OTG-PE38K) alone and expressed as a polycistronic construct with YebF-SFTI in the tumor-targeted Salmonella VNP20009. When we assessed the ability of toxin-containing culture supernatants to kill MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells, the untreated OTG-PE38K was able to eliminate all detectable tumor cells, while pretreatment with trypsin resulted in the complete loss of anticancer cytotoxicity. However, when OTG-PE38K was co-expressed with YebF-SFTI, cytotoxicity was completely retained in the presence of trypsin. These data demonstrate SFTI chimeras are secreted in a functional form and that co-expression of protease inhibitors with therapeutic proteins by tumor-targeted bacteria has the potential to enhance the activity of therapeutic proteins by suppressing their degradation within a proteolytic environment.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.675-690
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• 2019

Objective: This study investigated the effect of diet and roughage quality (RQ) on dry matter intake, duration and number of daytime and night-time eating bouts, idling sessions and ruminating activities in small ruminants. Methods: In Exp 1 and 2, RQ was improved by urea treatment of veld hay, while diet quality was improved by supplementing with Lucerne hay (Exp 3), sunflower meal and lespedeza (Exp 4), fish meal (Exp 5a), and sunflower meal (Exp 5b). In all experiments goats and sheep were blocked by weight and randomly allocated to experimental diets. Day-time (06:00 to 18:00 h) and night time (18:00 to 06:00 h) feeding behaviour activities were recorded. Results: RQ affected rumination index in Exp 1, but not in Exp 2, 3, and 5. Time spent eating and ruminating was affected by RQ (Exp 1, 3, and 4), period of day (all experiments) and their interaction (Exp 1). Intake rates (g/bout and g/min) were similar across diets. Period of day affected the duration of rumination sessions (Exp 1, 2, and 3); diet or RQ affected the duration of eating bouts (Exp 3) and rumination sessions (Exp 1 and 2). RQ had a significant effect on the duration of eating sessions in Exp 3 only, whilst period of day affected this same behaviour in Exp 2 and 3. Generally, goats and sheep fed on roughage alone ruminate at night and eat more during the day but those fed a roughage and supplemented with Lucerne hay spent more time ruminating than eating. Time spent eating and ruminating had positive correlations to crude protein and feed intake. Intake rates had strong positive correlations to intake. Conclusion: Chewing time, number of eating and ruminating sessions, and duration of eating bouts are physiologically controlled in small ruminants, though chewing time requires isometric scaling during modelling of intake.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.427-432
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• 2020

해바라기, 콩, 들깨, 참깨를 트랩식물로 이용하여 미국선녀벌레 약충에 대한 유인효과를 조사한 결과, 실내실험의 경우, 어린단계와 성숙단계 모두에서 해바라기가 각각 평균 47.6%와 66.5%로 가장 높은 유인력을 보였고, 야외실험의 경우에도 어린단계와 성숙단계 모두에서 해바라기가 각각 평균 52.3%, 53.2%로 가장 높았다. 실내실험과 야외실험에서 어린단계의 콩은 시간이 지나면서 해바라기 다음으로 유인력이 높았으나 성숙단계의 콩은 들깨 보다도 낮은 유인력을 보였으며 실내실험과 야외실험간 비교에서 동일 트랩식물간 유의성은 없는 것으로 보아 미국선녀벌레 약충에 대하여 가장 유인력이 높은 식물은 해바라기였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.284-293
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• 2022

In this study, we aimed to optimize the blending conditions of sunflower oil (A), water (B), and oriental sauce (C) for canned smoked oysters Crassostrea gigas in oriental sauce (SOO). Using response surface methodology (RSM), we found that the optimal independent variables [X₁, A/(B+C); X₂, B/C] based on the salinity (Y₁) amino acid nitrogen content (Y₂), and overall acceptance (Y₃) of high-quality SOO were 48.7% (w/w) for sunflower oil, 25.5% (w/w) for water, and 25.8% (w/w) for oriental sauce. Under optimal conditions, the experimental values of Y₁, Y₂, and Y₃ were 1.68±0.4 g/100 g, 155.4±2.4 mg/100 g, 6.2±0.23 score, respectively, which were not significantly different from the predicted values (P<0.05). The SOO prepared under optimal conditions had a higher overall acceptance than commercial canned smoked oysters. These results suggest that developing canned smoked oysters in oriental sauce can be industrialized, and the product is predicted to be competitive in the global market.

• 청정기술
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 2022

Lithium sulfur (Li-S) batteries have attracted considerable attention as a promising candidate for next-generation power sources due to their high theoretical energy density, low cost, and eco-friendliness. However, the poor electrical conductivity of sulfur and its insoluble discharging products (Li₂S₂/Li₂S), large volume changes, severe self-discharge, and dissolution of lithium polysulfide intermediates result in rapid capacity fading, low Coulombic efficiency, and safety risks, hindering Li-S battery commercial development. In this study, a three-dimensionally (3D) connected hierarchical porous carbon framework (HPCF) derived from waste sunflower seed shells was synthesized as a sulfur host for Li-S batteries via a chemical activation method. The natural 3D connected structure of the HPCF, originating from the raw material, can effectively enhance the conductivity and accessibility of the electrolyte, accelerating the Li⁺/electron transfer. Additionally, the generated micropores of the HPCF, originated from the chemical activation process, can prevent polysulfide dissolution due to the limited space, thereby improving the electrochemical performance and cycling stability. The HPCF/S cell shows a superior capacity retention of 540 mA h g^-1 after 70 cycles at 0.1 C, and an excellent cycling stability at 2 C for 700 cycles. This study provides a potential biomass-derived material for low-cost long-life Li-S batteries.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.608-623
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a combined biofeedback and brief emotion regulation (C-BABER) program for sexually abused adolescents. Methods: This study employed a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants included 26 sexually abused adolescents from eight Sunflower Centers of South Korea-with 13 in the experimental group and 13 in the control group. The experimental group received four sessions of the individual C-BABER program, each lasting 60 minutes. Results: Compared with the control group, sexually abused adolescents in the experimental group exhibited significant score differences in traumatic symptoms, including depression (Z = - 2.24, p = .025), dissociation (Z = - 2.21, p = .027), anxiety (Z = - 2.02, p = .044), and posttraumatic stress (Z = - 2.01 p = .045); and impulsivity, including positive urgency (Z = - 3.35, p = .001) and negative urgency (Z = - 2.28, p = .023). Additionally, the experimental group exhibited significant score differences in meta-mood, including emotional attention (Z = - 2.45, p = .014), emotional clarity (Z = - 2.30, p = .021), and emotional repair (Z = - 2.28, p = .022); and emotional regulation modes, including emotional suppression (Z = - 2.65, p = .008) and cognitive reappraisal (Z = - 1.98, p = .047). Regarding bio-attention, significant changes were identified in the experimental group for the bio-attention rate and attention maintenance time in the posttest compared to the pretest (p = .001). Conclusion: The C-BABER program for sexually abused adolescents is effective in decreasing traumatic symptoms and impulsivity, and in improving meta-mood, emotional regulation mode, and bio-attention. Therefore, we recommend providing sexually abused adolescents the C-BABER program to help them regulate their emotions and effectively adapt to their lives.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.104-111
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• 1977

최근에 도입된 해바라기 품종들의 우리나라 기상조건하에서의 생태적인 차이와 이에 따른 수량성을 검토하여 품종선택에 있어서나 재배적인 문제점을 구명하고져 25품종을 공시 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 비교적 수량이 높은 수원 001 bulgaria, local black giant, HESA. hybrid 204 품종들은 발아기에서 성숙기까지의 일수가 90$\pm$2일정도로서 이 기간의 적산온도는 190$0^{\circ}C$이상이었다. 2) 유분함량이 높은 수원 001 peredovic, local black giant, Hungary, Sunbred 등은 발뢰기에서 성숙기까지의 일수가 65~70일 정도로서 적산온도는 810$\pm$5$0^{\circ}C$로 그 폭은 비교적 큰 편이었다. 3) 생육 Stage중 발뢰기에서 개화기까지의 일사량과 수량간에, 적산온도와 임실비율간에 정의 상관이 인정되었다. 4) 수량이 높은 품종군들의 두상화직경은 19cm이상이었다. 5) 생육기간의 적산온도와 간장 및 경태간에는 유의성은 인정되나, 이들 요인이 두상화중, 종실중함유율 등에는 크게 영향하지 않었고, 6) 우리나라 기상조건하에서 종실중, 유분함량이 높은 품종들은 비교적 발아기에서 발뢰기까지의 일수가 짧고 개화기에서 성숙기까지의 일수가 긴 품종군들이었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2016

흰녹가루병균류(난균류)는 인공배양이 불가능한 순활물 병원균이다. 이들은 많은 속씨식물들에서 흰녹가루병을 일으키는데, 경제적으로 중요한 기주식물로는 해바라기, 와사비, 갓, 유채, 무, 배추, 시금치 등이 있다. 최근에 분자분석 방법과 분류학적으로 유용한 형태적 특징들이 제안되면서, 흰녹가루병균류의 다양성, 진화, 계통분류에 대한 연구에 큰 진척이 있었다. 본 논문은 국내에 덜 알려진 흰녹가루병 균류를 소개하고 최근의 연구성과에 대하여 고찰하였다.