Clean Technology (청정기술)

The Korean Society of Clean Technology (한국청정기술학회)
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Biomass-Derived Three-Dimensionally Connected Hierarchical Porous Carbon Framework for Long-Life Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

  • Liu, Ying (Department of Chemical Engineering, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Dong Jun (Department of Chemical Engineering, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lee, Younki (Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Raghavan, Prasanth (Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Yang, Rong (International Research Center for Composite and Intelligent Manufacturing Technology, Institute of Chemical Power Sources, Xi'an University of Technology) ;
  • Ramawati, Fitria (Research Group of Solid State Chemistry & Catalysis, Chemistry Department, Sebelas Maret University) ;
  • Ahn, Jou-Hyeon (Department of Chemical Engineering, Gyeongsang National University)
  • Received : 2022.02.24
  • Accepted : 2022.04.01
  • Published : 2022.06.30
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Abstract

Lithium sulfur (Li-S) batteries have attracted considerable attention as a promising candidate for next-generation power sources due to their high theoretical energy density, low cost, and eco-friendliness. However, the poor electrical conductivity of sulfur and its insoluble discharging products (Li2S2/Li2S), large volume changes, severe self-discharge, and dissolution of lithium polysulfide intermediates result in rapid capacity fading, low Coulombic efficiency, and safety risks, hindering Li-S battery commercial development. In this study, a three-dimensionally (3D) connected hierarchical porous carbon framework (HPCF) derived from waste sunflower seed shells was synthesized as a sulfur host for Li-S batteries via a chemical activation method. The natural 3D connected structure of the HPCF, originating from the raw material, can effectively enhance the conductivity and accessibility of the electrolyte, accelerating the Li+/electron transfer. Additionally, the generated micropores of the HPCF, originated from the chemical activation process, can prevent polysulfide dissolution due to the limited space, thereby improving the electrochemical performance and cycling stability. The HPCF/S cell shows a superior capacity retention of 540 mA h g-1 after 70 cycles at 0.1 C, and an excellent cycling stability at 2 C for 700 cycles. This study provides a potential biomass-derived material for low-cost long-life Li-S batteries.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the 2019 Gyeongsang National University Global Research Network Fund.

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