• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2017

In order to find a way to reduce histamine formation when storing salted mackerel at home, a series of experiments were carried to monitor the time-related changes of histamine content, total aerobic bacteria and coliform quality of mackerel marketed in Incheon by the type of storage containers (clean, zipper and vacuum bag) during storage at $4^{\circ}C$, $24^{\circ}C$ and $-20^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. Histamine formation was continuously increased with passing time during storage at $4^{\circ}C$, whereas it was decreased after 3 days during storage at $24^{\circ}C$. The initial value of histamine was maintained during storage at $-20^{\circ}C$ for 10 days. During storage at $4^{\circ}C$, total aerobic bacteria and coliform showed a tendency to increased rapidly till 3day and then decreased gradually. The formation of histamine was increased in the order of vacuum bag$4^{\circ}C$.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2006

The goal of this research was to investigate the actual wearing conditions of dementia inpatients in order to improve their clothes. The development of comfortable, functional and well-designed clothing for dementia inpatients can improve their clinical care environment and also provide dementia inpatients and their caregivers with a promoted quality of life. The data were collected through field research and interview survey on the inpatient's clothing being used at 10 dementia hospitals and 11 dementia nursing care facilities. The results were as follows, First, the uniforms of light dementia inpatients were the pajamas styles those of the general inpatient's uniforms. The uniforms of severe dementia inpatients were jump suits or pajamas styles. Second, the top styles of pajamas were shirts of front opening style with buttons, round neckline, full length sleeves and over armholes. Their bottoms were the pants of no opening style with elastic band and full length. The design of the jump suits had back and under opening styles with zippers. Third, dementia inpatient clothes have to be improved in the areas of sizing systems, structure for putting on and taking off, fasteners and open styles and clothing material, as well as the aesthetic approach.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2021

The 52-hour workweek policy in Korea is a system that limits the maximum working hours per week to 52 hours including holiday work, which has been treated separately from overtime work during a week. Although this policy is designed to improve the quality of life and create jobs, it may also reduce the income of some workers. In general, it can be assumed that reduced working hours increase consumption at home. This study analyzed the effect of the 52-hour work policy on meat consumption patterns with the ordered logit model. Major factors considered in this study include working hours, income, and consumption frequency. It distinguished domestic and workplace consumption. The results show that the policy has had an impact on meat consumption patterns both at home and at work. If there is no change in income and only the working hours decrease, meat consumption in households increases. On the other hand, if both income and working hours decrease, household meat consumption decreases. Moreover, reduced working hours decrease the frequency of office happy hour and meat consumption in the workplace. However, the 52-hour workweek policy applies only to workers working more than 52 hours per week; thus, it is difficult to determine the overall effect of the policy on national meat consumption patterns.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.69-82
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• 1998

As a way to serve housing information providing on internet will be a useful method in the near future in Korea. This study was planned to review the housing information on internet network which provided by U. S. .University CES(cooperative extension service) Comparative analysis was used as a Research method in terms of contents and items about housing information on internet provided by U. S. university CES during two weeks each in August 1997 and July 1998. Findings are as follows; Universities providing housing information and information items had been remarkably increased during one year since August 1997. Most of housing informations except one university CES were free to use in 1997 but three university CES among 12 universities showed only the title of items with charge amounts in 1998. Informations about 'Housing Management' and 'Environment' items were the large parts of the housing information in 1997. In 1998. 'Environment' items were remarkably increased. Items bout insects and mildew removing were large portion of the 'Housing Management'. Items about energy saving water and air quality were large portion of the 'Environment' These findings will be useful to develop items of housing information on internet network with Korean language which should be compensated by the survey research.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.243-255
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• 2021

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore research trends on hospital nurses' happiness. Methods: Studies published from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2020 were searched. At the first search, 1,898 articles were extracted from academic databases. Twenty-eight articles were used in the systematic review, and 20 included meta-analysis. Results: There were 38 variables explored in relation to nurses' happiness. The variables with the highest meta-analysis value were resilience, positive psychological capabilities, quality of nursing work life, and perceived stress on nursing performance measurement. Among the areas classified based on the nurses' happiness theoretical framework, personal factors (r=.60) and work environment factors (r=.51) showed high meta-correlation values. Conclusion: The relationship between the hospital nurses' happiness and work-related factor in various dimensions has been confirmed. Considering variables related to hospital nurses' happiness in the future, various programs at the individual level and organizational level should be developed.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2010

We investigated springs in Seoul in 2009 to know the change of water quality according to storage method of spring water, the concentration of chemical compounds and their correlation. Even spring water that originally satisfied national standard for drinking water could be exceeded national standard for drinking water by storage method such as storage bottle, temperature and period; especially used PET bottles could affect the increase of total colony counts. Therefore, spring water is desirable to be consumed on the spot, or to be stored in sterilized bottles in refrigerator rather than room temperature at home, and also to be consumed shortly not exceeding 24 hours. Total colony counts, coliform, yersinia, $F^-$, $Cl^-$, $NO_3^--N$, hardness, total Solids, pH, color and Al were exceeded national standard for drinking water at some springs. The result of correlation analysis shows that hardness and total solids, which are caused by several ionic compounds, had relatively high correlations with other chemical compounds.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.479-487
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• 2009

Because of the building is made airtight, Indoor Air Quality(IAQ) is go from bad to worse. There are many source of indoor pollution in any home. These include irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, headaches, dizziness, and fatigue. Such immediate effects are usually short-term and treatable. In this study was measured and analyzed VOCs exposure levels and characteristic of Indoor air pollutant from new apartments in Korea. VOCs were measured indoor pre-residential and residential in new apartment and analyzed GC/MS. The concentration levels of indoor respirable TVOC were found to be higher than those of outdoor TVOC for new apartments. Before occupation, the average indoor and outdoor concentrations were 1498.61 $ug/m^3$ and 468.38 $ug/m^3$, respectively. After being occupied, the average indoor and outdoor concentration were 847.04 $ug/m^3$ and 102.84, respectively. The concentrations of TVOC in new apartments before occupation were shown in the order of Toluene(328.12 $ug/m^3$) > m,p-Xylene(163.67 $ug/m^3$) > Ethy1benzene(80.70 $ug/m^3$>o-XYlene (67.04$ug/m^3$). In addition, the TVOCs concentrations after occupation were also found in the order of Toluene (272.28 $ug/m^3$) > m.p-Xylene(121.79 $ug/m^3$) > Ethylbenzene(53.92 $ug/m^3$)>O-Xylene(24.94 $ug/m^3$). As a result, the concentrations of VOCs in new apartment houses were shown to be affected by indoor environment according activity patterns. So new apartments need to be controled in indoor air quality so that the residents can have more comfortable and healthier living environment.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.87-103
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• 2020

This study discusses the institutional change of Chinese early childhood education quality assurance institution (ECEQAI) from the three dimensions of the perspective of historical institutionalism of that refer to the external environment, dynamic mechanism containing with nation-market-society, and the invisible ideology of the institutional change. Chinese ECEQAI was divided into five historical periods, which were 17 years after the founding of China (1949-1966), the Great Cultural Revolution (GCR) period (1966-1976), the early stage of Reform and Opening-up (RO) (1976-1995), the social change period (1995-2010) and the new period (2010-now). This study also concludes five separate change models for Chinese ECEQAI that correspond to the five periods. The first was a compulsory and gradual institutional change model influenced by the Soviet model and dominated by national power. The second was compulsory and radical change model controlled by the counter-revolutionary group. The third was a compulsory and gradual institutional change model dominated by national power. The fourth was induced and gradual^① institutional change model driven by market power and forced by society power. The fifth was a compulsory and gradual institutional change model led by national power and forced by society power. Finally, the future change direction of China's ECEQAI was further pointed out, that was the government-leading and tend to balanced three-pole power model of "Nation-Market-Society", as well as the "three-pole power relationship" of indepth communication and positive interaction.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2021

본 논문은 외부환경을 인식하고 오염도에 따라 자동으로 오염물질을 제거하는, 스마트 필터 시스템의 구현에 관한 연구이다. 최근 실내외 공간에서 다양한 오염물질의 발생은 인체에 악영향을 미치고 있으며 특히 대기 중에서 발생되는 다양한 미세먼지는 밀폐된 주거 공간이나 사무공간에서 심해진다. 환기 등을 통해 일시적인 공기질 오염도를 낮출 수는 있으나 미세먼지 변화를 실시간적으로 대응하는 것이 어려워 가정이나 산업체와 같이 다수의 인력이 상주하는 공간에서 이와 같은 문제점은 심각해진다. 따라서 거주 공간의 내부의 미세먼지 농도를 실시간적으로 측정하고, 외부와의 자동 환기를 통해, 실내 환기의 오염농도를 저감시킬 필요성이 있다. 이와 같은 문제점을 개선하기 위하여, 본 논문에서는 외부환경 인식용 스마트 필터 시스템에 대한 구현을 제안하고자 한다. 실내외부의 공기질을 자동으로 측정하고, 오염물질을 제거하는 스마트 필터 시스템에 대한 구조를 설계하고 기능을 구현하였으며, 시제품을 제작하여 동작성을 확인하였다. 최종적으로는 스마트 필터 시스템의 미세먼지 문제 해결에 대한 효용성을 검토하였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2003

Day care center for the elderly is an alternative for community care for frail elderly who need social participation and physical cares and services outside the family. The purpose of this study was to identify the present situation of day care center for the elderly and to suggest desirable interior space plans for elderly day care center. Data were collected by two ways; a mail survey and case studies of existing day care centers. Five cases of day care centers were analyzed to find out Physical and space problems, available programs and services. Also, the staffs in 96 day care centers for the elderly in nationwide were selected for a mail survey and 68.8 percentage of all was collected and analyzed. From the result of case studies, narrow space and lack of accessibility features for wheelchair or other prosthetic devices were the major problems. From the result of a mail survey analysis, the elderly users were over 73 years old, and high proportion had suffered from dementia and apoplexy Also, staffing ration was 1:7 In other words, one staff was caring of 7 old people, and supporting staff was insufficient. Therefore, supportive, therapeutic environment Was more important issue to improve quality of care. Separate program room and outdoor space, lounging space, treatment room by gardening, separate counselling room, bedroom, a simple kitchen unit, staff office, separate physical treatment room, resting room for staff was indicated more necessarily. When priority of planning interior space was safety followed by accessability and convenience, it was also reported that sire of each room was generally narrow. The most serious problem in interior space was the lack and narrowness of space, and accessible features for mobility. Based on the literature review and the findings of this study, two types of floor plans for elderly day care center were suggested;‘a mixed type for the elderly with and without dementia’and‘a separate type for the elderly with dementia.’The main goals for designing interior space for two types of elderly day care center were to provide safe environment, encouraging environment for remaining abilities of users, sanitary environment, therapeutic environment, familiar environment, and socially-encouraging environment. The recommendations for further studies were suggested.