• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.112-123
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• 2024

Responding to rapid changes of global supply chain and fast increasing air cargo volume and demand for e-commerce market, this paper researched the development plans for regional airport specially focused on air cargo logostics through policy research. According to this research, political implications and development plans for Cheong Ju airport (CJJ) to become a part of global supply chain, a regional air cargo hub. Firstly, it is necessary to increase the length of the existing runway from 2,744m to 3,200m or to develop 3^rd runway only for a civil aircraft use. Secondly, it is inevitable to develop new air cargo terminal to handle and export such high value-added products as semi-conductor or rechargeable battery through airport. In addition, facing re-shoring trends among global supply chain, CJJ can increase its air cargo volume and also provide feeder service to Incheon airport, inducing global distribution center near airport site.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.73-79
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to derive medical devices with different management systems through comparison of domestic and overseas medical device product classification systems and to propose management conversion measures for the products. The definitions of medical devices were compared and the scope of medical devices defined by each country was confirmed through surveys of the Medical Device Act, Federal Food, Drug & Cosmetics Act (FD&C) in the U.S., and Medical Device Regulations (MDR) in Europe. Using the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety's regulations on medical device products and grades, 21 CFR part 860-892 and product code classification files in U.S., and EMDN in Europe as basic data to compare medical device products and derive medical devices with different management systems. As a result of comparing the definition and product classification systems of medical devices in Korea, the U.S. and Europe, medical device accessories, prosthetic limbs and aids among assistive devices for persons with disabilities, drugs, quasi-drugs and industrial products that are not managed by medical devices in Korea are managed as medical devices in the U.S. and Europe. This study aims to improve public health by securing systematic product safety management and essential performance under medical device regulations. Management within a single medical device system will increase the efficiency of licensing work of domestic medical device manufacturers and related organizations. It is also expected to help advance the system according to the international harmony of the item classification system and enhance smooth import and export competitiveness.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.81-98
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• 2021

As Korea declared that the entire country is free from ISA (Infectious salmon anaemia) based on the OIE aquatic code in 2019, it is necessary to improve the import quarantine system that meets the level of ISA management in Korea. Currently, Korea imports Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout from countries which have history of ISA outbreak such as Norway and the United States, so there is a constant possibility that trade with these countries will bring ISAV (Infectious salmon anaemia virus) into Korea. Therefore, some amendments to the Aquatic Life Diseases Control Act (ALDCA) are needed to prevent the entry of ISAV into the Korea through international trade. The amendment to the ALDCA should contain a list of countries, zones or compartments that the Korean competent authority has allowed or banned imports of ISA-susceptible fish. In addition, the subordinate statutes or administrative rules of the ALDCA need to be revised so that on-site inspections/audit can be conducted for the evaluation of the ISA management system in exporting countries. After the revision of the subordinate statutes or administrative rules, it is necessary to strengthen the present import conditions in line with those that meet the level of ISA management in Korea. As for the strengthened import conditions, the competent authorities of exporting countries must export only salmonid fish produced in zones or compartments declared freedom of ISA to Korea, and must prove through lab-testing that ISAV should not be detected in the fish exporting to Korea. In addition, official veterinarians/fish health professionals of the exporting country should check the health status of the fish within 72 hours prior to export. Also, competent authorities of the exporting countries must attest that fish storage containers and water, ice and other equipment used for transportation should be cleaned and disinfected to avoid contamination with pathogens, including ISA. Therefore, the proposed measures presented here will further improve the current import condition for salmonid fish and assist decision-making on strategies to reduce the risk of ISA introduction into Korea. Also, it is expected to contribute to maintain the status of ISA-free country.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.48-53
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• 2017

One of the policies of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Livestock Food and Livestock aims to export $10 billion worth of products. Although it was not easy to achieve the export goal of $ 6.5 billion in 2016, the policy should be pursued continuously. Accordingly, a facility modernization project and high-tech greenhouse project are being implemented to facilitate exports. Moreover, it is possible to consider substitution of imports in the policy shift. Imports of temperate and tropical fresh fruits totaled 1.2 trillion won in 2016. Accordingly, identification of alternatives to tropical and temperate fresh fruit imports will enable farm income to increase and the fresh fruit industry to grow. The major obstacle to tropical fruit production in Korea is high heating costs. However, Jeju Island apple mango farmers found that using non-taxable kerosene and hot water from power plants could reduce heating costs by 42.5%. Indeed, using hot wastewater can reduce heating costs by more than 40%. To improve competition with imported fruits, farmers can change their heating systems using financial support plans (e.g., 20% government subsidies, 20% loans, 30% subsidies from local governments). The income effect and import substitution effect of fruit tree farmers should be carefully analyzed in the future and the study will be closed to discuss the policy direction.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2000

National plant quarantine inspector of exporting country should inspect agricultural products according to the quarantine requisites of counterpart country when the commodities are shipped. Export of pear fruits was held because quarantine pests including Conogethes punctiferalis were found at the point of entry in Canada. In order to examine the problems in detail, the inspected pear fruits were stored at a low temperature for 43 days, almost the same period necessary for fruit sorting, quarantine procedures, and transportation by ship. Dead larvae of fruit moths, C. punctiferalis and Grapholita molesta were found during cold storage. Quarantine pathogens were not found, but non-quarantine ones such as Penicillium sp. was infected through wounds by bruises and stabs resulted from sorting procedures. Because of the wounding problem during export procedures, pear fruits with thin exocarp, such as fruits of P. pyrifolia Nakai cv. Whangkeumbae, are required more careful handling during fruit sorting and conveyance.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.75-89
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• 2015

This study examines 31 import and export cargo items handled in each port to investigate which items face the most competition among the ports and how many of them are transited to other ports. The study aims to suggest implications for the future port policy of Incheon Port. It was found that the volume concentration in the Western Coast region from 2005 to 2014 became increasingly decentralized. The decentralization began in earnest in 2009 in particular, and the value was 0.448 in 2014, indicating fierce competition among the regions. According to the static and dynamic positioning analyses results for Incheon Port, Pyeongtaek and Dangjin Port, and Gunsan Port, using BCG Matrix, the static positioning analysis showed that Incheon Port belongs to the 3rd quadrant (Cash Cows), Pyeongtaek and Dangjin Port belongs to the 2nd quadrant (Question Marks), and Gunsan Port belongs to the (Dogs) group. This implies that Incheon Port has maintained its position with large shares compared to those of other ports, despite its low growth rate. However, the market position and growth rate of Incheon Port decreased according to the dynamic positioning analysis results. The shift-share analysis results indicated that the volumes of Incheon Port and Gunsan Port were shifting to Pyeongtaek and Dangjin Port. Moreover, the ratio of absolute growth to potential growth of Incheon Port and Gunsan Port turned out to be significantly lower than that of Pyeongtaek and Dangjin Port, implying that Incheon Port and Gunsan Port are declining as compared to Pyeongtaek Port and Dangjin Port. According to the LQ index analysis results, specialized items from Incheon Port that do not overlap with other ports included the following ten items: meat, fish and crustaceans, bituminous coals, crude oil and petroleum, petroleum-refined products, plastic rubber and products, textiles, nonferrous metal and products, electric machinery, and aircrafts and ships. In particular, it was confirmed that the bulk cargo of Incheon Port was actually shifting to Pyeongtaek and Dangjin Port following the policy of re-establishing port functions.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.307-314
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• 2009

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) is present in this country and to analyze the Global BSE Risk (GBR) status in Bangladesh. A total of 2,000 brain samples were collected from cattle older than 30 months of age, slaughtered for human consumption in the district slaughter houses from 2005 to 2006. The brainstem (obex), Pyriform lobe, cerebrum and cerebellum were subjected to histopathological study. Samples that showed some nonspecific lesions were subjected to immunohistochemistry and only brain stem to ELISA for the detection of abnormal prion protein $PrP^{sc}$. In passive surveillance, annual overall diseases of cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats in Bangladesh were collected from Department of Livestock Services (DLS), Dhaka to investigate the occurrences of neurological diseases. Import related data were collected from "National Export Promotion Bureau" Kawran Bazar, Bangladesh Bank and DLS to analyze the importing products of animal origin (cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats) from different countries to find whether or not the imported products posed any risk for the BSE. In an actire surveillance conducted in slaughter house, histopathologically BSE specific lesions were not detected in any of the brain samples, but other nonspecific lesions were observed. No $PrP^{sc}$ was detected from the samples by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. DLS report also supported the absence of BSE in cattle and buffalo and scrapie in sheep and goats in Bangladesh. It was also clearly recorded that Bangladesh imported livestock products from countries in GBR level I and II but not from countries in GBR level III and IV. From this study it apparently seems that BSE is not currently present in the indigenous animals in Bangladesh and poses no or negligible risk to human and animal health.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.157-165
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• 2013

The mid-20th century witnessed a wide spread of Korean culture in Japan, China and Southeast Asia and China now has become the biggest trade partner and export market, as well as the No. 1 source of import and the biggest investment country of Korea. With the spreading of the Korean popular culture in China, brand loyalty to Korean products is improved. Taking the Chinese market as the basis, this research aims to make an analysis of the implications of 'Korean Wave', Korean advertisements and the image of Korea on brand loyalty to cosmetics made in Korea. To achieve the research aim, questionnaires were used in conducting the survey, mainly in Beijing. Excluding the invalid ones, altogether 180 questionnaires were collected, based on which an empirical analysis was carried out on the correlation between 'Korean Wave', effects of Korean advertisements, image of Korea, brand recognition, and brand loyalty to products made in Korea. The major analyzing tools are SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 20.0. The findings are as follows: 1. Korean films, dramas, and attachment for Korean movie stars (representative of 'Korean Wave') all have a positive influence on brand loyalty. Recognition of the country image of Korea, to some extent, also has positive implications on brand recognition. 2. Empirical analysis assists in the testing of the degree of recognition and attachment of cosmetics made in Korea, as well as brand loyalty to them.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.6
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• pp.644-651
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• 2007

This study compared and estimated the changes in carbon stocks and emissions of harvested wood products (HWP) by applying FAO statistics and domestic statistics for Korean HWP production, import, and export volume, which is almost always supposed to be included in the carbon emissions and removals inventory by country in negotiations since the 2nd commitment period (2013~2017) of the Kyoto Protocol, for assessing the changes in carbon stocks and emissions of HWP. As a result, when applying FAO statistics to the changes in carbon stocks of HWP as of 2005, stock-change approach (SCA) was estimated at 1.434 Tg C, atmospheric-flow approach (AFA) -1.330 Tg C, and production approach (PA) 0.597 Tg C. When applying Korean statistics, SCA was estimated at 1.246 Tg C, AFA -11.520 Tg C, and PA 0.444 Tg C. When applying FAO statistics to $CO_2$ emissions and removals from HWP, SCA showed a decrease of $-5,258Gg\;CO_2$ (removals), AFA showed an increase of $4,877Gg\;CO_2$ (emissions), and PA showed a decrease of $-2,189Gg\;CO_2$ (removals). When applying Korean statistics, SCA showed a decrease of $-4,569Gg\;CO_2$ (removals), AFA showed an increase of $5,573Gg\;CO_2$ (emissions), and PA showed a decrease of $-1,628Gg\;CO_2$, (removals). Therefore, the application of FAO statistics was shown to be more beneficial for the estimation of both the changes in carbon stocks and emissions of HWP by all methods other than that of Korean statistics.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 1984

The oak-mushroom is one of the special minor products utilizing hardwoods, such as oaks in the mountaineous villages, as a food for health and export in Korea. However, oak-mushroom farmers have been faced the problems such as small cultivation scale, unskilled technique of production, management of cultivation, and low productivity. It is now a turning point presenting the optimum and reasonable management techniques to increase the productivity with consideration of balanced income and expenditure. This report analyzed the investment effectiveness of cultivation. The financial rate of return (FRR) of oak-mushroom cultivation is as high as 10.3 percent compared with that of other farmings. Moreover, the FRR remarkably increased with increased cultivation scales. The FRR could be highly improved if the price of both mushroom-logs and dried mushroom products, is stable and the cultivation techniques for higher productivity are developed. The policy providing the constant price of raw materials and mushroom products, and new advanced cultivation techniques enable the enhancement of investment for the oak-mushroom cultivation.