• Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.133-148
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• 2001

Focus and information structure are closely related with the distribution of pitch accents. A focused word conveys new information and bears a pitch accent. A content word can usually get a pitch accent, but it can be deaccented if it is mentioned earlier in the discourse. In this paper, we test how English native speakers and Korean learners of English realize pitch accents according to focus and information structure of a sentence. The production experiment shows that English native speakers give a pitch accent to narrow-focused items, deaccenting all the other items of the sentence. For VP broad focus, native speakers give a pitch accent either to both the verb and its complement or to the complement only. On the other hand, it is found that Koreans give pitch accents to most content words regardless of focus and information structure. Moreover, the perception experiment confirms that Koreans' intonation patterns, which are not appropriate in terms of focus and information structure, may jeopardize listeners' comprehension. This paper shows that Korean speakers have little knowledge about focus and information structure for intonational realization, and that such notions should be applied to teaching of English intonation.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.140-149
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• 2004

The bentwood technique was introduced for the Windsor chair for the first time in the 18th Century. It was Michael Thonet who produced the bentwood chair in Austria around the 1870's, and it has changed the perception of architects and designers since then. The bentwood chair suggested a new and eccentric way of manufacturing furniture and the process of producing materials for it. Moreover, the method of furniture assembling, with screw nails, made a positive contribution not only to the convenience of transport and distribution of furniture to anywhere in the world, but also to the development of mass production of furniture for the multitudes. The bentwood technique of Michael Thonet was developed much further by Alvar Aalto, who inferred a soft curve from nature and developed the beauty of modern laminated bentwood by using birch, a plentiful resource of Finland. This study will help us to understand the functions and process of bentwood furniture, and help to develop technical skills for diverse furniture design. It will also confirm that diverse bentwood furniture design will be possible by applying materials, technical skills and the design process of bentwood according to the characteristics and concept of furniture design.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 2018

Earlier studies reported that the /o/ and /u/ phonemes of Seoul Korean were currently merging in the F1/F2 space. However, studies on perception tests have shown that rates of correctness were high, even in cases where the two vowels overlapped. This study explores whether there is another acoustic parameter that differentiates /o/ from /u/, besides the F1/F2 contrast. Seventy-five native speakers of Seoul Korean, born between 1953 and 1999, participated in a production test. The data collected were analyzed in terms of F1 and F2, H1-H2, and F0. The result shows that the /o/ and /u/ of female speakers almost overlap in the F1/F2 space for all ages, while H1-H2 values are significantly different between the two vowels regardless of age. On the other hand, the /o/ and /u/ of male speakers are largely well separated in the F1/F2 space, while the H1-H2 values between the two vowels are very close at all ages. F0 effect is relatively small for both male and female speakers, even though there is a statistically significant difference. The result of this study provides evidence that female speakers use phonation differences to distinguish /o/ from /u/, and that the F1/F2 contrast has been replaced by H1-H2 values.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.683-686
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• 2002

It is fundamental to count and pack the pills in the medicine manufacture field but those tasks are time and labor consuming. Thus, the need fur automation of those tasks is necessarily getting increased in order to get effective mass production. It Is significant to perceive pills quickly and precisely. There were many trials for this processing but the performance of the existing counting machines varies about size, shape and dispersion tendency of pills. In this paper, the authors try to improve the counting performance of a pill counting machine that has optical sensors with the neural network. The passing signal of pill is acquired with optical sensor and the passage signal of the pill is extracted as input patterns. The gradient and integration of signal during passing time and the time keeping the pill interrupt the light from the LED are used as characteristic feature. The back propagation and perception algorithm are used for training. Experimental results with several pills show that the designed algorithm is a little bit effective to reduce the noise effect which is generated from interference among the machine components and unreliable environment.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.23-41
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• 2007

The main purpose of this study is to reveal the properties and specialities of architectural space after Modernism. Space was the main theme of Modernity in architecture and they insist Modern architectural space had its own characteristics compared with the earlier period. With view that another paradigm of space is rising as a criticism of and departure from Modernity, this study try to show what is the contents of difference and how it express in reality. We can find a new trends in architectural spaces, that are the production of totally different circumstantial background as like information society, digital media environment, post structuralism, new science and heterotopian situation in urbanism. We can call it Post Modernity in architectural space that would find the 'Otheness' and expand the territory of architecture. It means not only the change of architectural space itself but also different cognition and perception of space is taking place. Contemporaru architectural space has lost its materiality and conventional socio-cultural functions. Dematerialization and media or image -like being is the new characteristics instead. It demands a new way of being in a different life-world as well as the new expenence of architecture.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.31-39
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• 2023

Purpose: Social media's increasing adoption and the development of digital technology have completely changed how businesses interact with their clients. The current study is to examine the impact of live broadcasts on consumers' perceptions and actions across a range of fresh food goods. Research design, data and methodology: The scrutiny relies on the existing peer-reviewed literature, which may prevent a comprehensive evaluation of some recent advancements in the subject. Despite these caveats, the outcomes of this scrutiny are anticipated to contribute significantly to our understanding of the effect of live broadcast marketing on consumers' propensity to make purchases. Results: Previous literature review clearly states that 'Live Broadcast of Fresh Food' to attract relevant customers should be followed: (1) Increased Product Transparency and Trust, (2) Enhanced Customer Engagement, (3) Impact on Customer's Perception of Product Quality, and (4) sense of urgency and scarcity. Conclusions: All in all, the study's advice for firms in the food industry to improve their marketing efforts through live broadcasts have important practical ramifications. Promoting openness and trust in the production process and with the audience boosts a brand's reliability. Customers are more likely to participate and feel more connected to a brand.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a task-specific obstacle crossing rehabilitation program on functional gait ability in patients with cerebellar ataxia. Overall, we sought to provide ataxia-specific locomotor rehabilitation guidelines for use in clinical practice based on quantitative evidence using relevant analysis of gait kinematics including valid clinical tests. Methods: Patients with cerebellar disease (n=13) participated in obstacle crossing training focusing on maintenance of dynamic balance and posture, stable transferring of body weight, and production of coordinated limb movements for 8 weeks, 2 times per week, 90 minutes per session. Throughout the training of body weight transfer, the instructions emphasized conscious perception and control of the center of body stability, trunk and limb alignment, and stepping kinematics during the practice of each walking phase. Results: According to the results, compared with pre-training data, foot clearance, pre-&post-obstacle distance, delay time, and total obstacle crossing time were increased after intervention. In addition, body COM measures indicated that body sway and movement variability, therefore posture stability during obstacle crossing, showed improvement after training. Based on these results, body sway was reduced and stepping pattern became more consistent during obstacle crossing gait after participation in patients with cerebellar ataxia. Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that task-relevant obstacle crossing training may have a beneficial effect on recovery of functional gait ability in patients with cerebellar disease.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.450-462
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• 2004

In this paper, we describe a system for controlling the perceptual processes of two cooperative mobile robots that addresses the issue of enhancing perceptual awareness. We define awareness here as knowing the location of other robots in the environment. The proposed system benefits from a formalism called perceptual anchoring. Here, perceptual anchoring enhances the awareness of the system by employing an anchor-based active gaze control strategy or active perceptual anchoring to control the perceptual effort according to what is important at a given time. By anchoring we extend the notion of awareness as knowing what the symbols in the control module represent to by connecting them to the objects or features in the environment. We demonstrate the present system through a simulation of two nonholonomic mobile robots performing a cooperative transportation by carrying a cargo to a target location where there are two other robots moving about. The system is able to efficiently focus the perceptual effort and thus able to safely carry the cargo to the target position.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.36-43
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• 2023

This study aims to derive discourse's linguistic meaning, production method, and social practice implications by analyzing news reports on de-facility for people with disabilities. To this end, the discourse was analyzed by applying Fairclough's framework of critical discourse analysis. The subject of analysis is a news article on the de-facility of the disabled on the N portal site, and the analysis period is one year, from January 1 to December 31, 2022. First, as a result of the study, the surface meaning of the news discourse on the de-facility for disabled people was ideological through the seriousness of the problem for disabled people, the poor environment, and the policy of de-facility for disabled people separated from reality. Second, the social meaning of the de-facility news discourse for disabled people appeared from a realistic perspective, such as the structural cause of the problem for disabled people and the need for sensible government policies and measures to practice de-facility for disabled people. Finally, the socio-cultural practical implications of the de-facility news discourse for people with disabilities proposed the development of a systematic and realistic de-facility management manual for the disabled, practical government policy support, and changes in self-support perception for disabled people. The results of this study are expected to help find an alternative direction to reduce the gap between actual policies for de-facility for disabled people and practice in the field in the future.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.1953-1957
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• 2004

The machine vision has been applied to a number of industrial applications for quality control and automations to improve the manufacturing processes. In this paper, the automation system using the machine vision is developed, which is applicable to the marking process in a steel production process line. The working environment is very harsh to workers so that the automatic system in the steel industry is required increasingly. The developed automatic marking system consists of several mechanical and electrical elements such as the laser position detecting sensor system for a structured laser beam which is projected to the billet in order to detect the geometry of the billet. An image processing algorithm has been developed to percept the two center positions of a camera and a billet, respectively, and to align two centers. A series of experiments has been conducted to investigate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The results show that two centers of the camera and the billet could be detected very well and differences between two center positions could be also decreased via the proposed tracking algorithm.