• 제목/요약/키워드: p75

검색결과 7,937건 처리시간 0.035초

김치에서 분리한 유산균 Lactobacillus plantarum의 ${\beta}-galactosidase$ 특성에 관한 연구 (Characteristics of ${\beta}-galactosidase$ activity in Lactobacillus plantarum from kimchi)

  • 강미선;이영환
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • 제39권1호
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    • pp.60-66
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    • 1996
  • 김치에서 분리한 유산균 Lactobacillus(L.) plantarum 3 균주(strain No.49, No.61, No.75)의 ${\beta}-galactosidase$의 생성을 위한 최적 조건을 검토하고, 효소학적 특성을 조사하였다. 효소 ${\beta}-galactosidase$의 최적 생성 조건은 strain No. 49의 경우 탄소원을 dextrose대신에 lactose를, strain No. 75 균주는 galactose를 1.0% 함유한 MRS broth에서, 초기 pH를 6.5로 하여 $30^{\circ}C$에서 48시간 배양하였을 때로 판명되었다. Strain No. 61 균주의 경우는 lactose를 3.0% 함유한 MRS 배지의 초기 pH를 7.5로 하여 실온에서 48시간 배양하였을때가 최적생성조건이었다. 효소의 최적 활성 온도는 $60^{\circ}C,\;37^{\circ}C,\;50^{\circ}C$로 3균주 모두 L. plantarum임에도 불구하고 각각 다른 온도에서 최고 활성을 보였다. 특히, strain No. 61, No. 75는 반응 온도가 상승함에 따라 활성의 감소가 관찰된 반면 strain No. 49는 $60^{\circ}C$의 높은 온도에서 가장 높은 활성을 보여 높은 온도에서도 효소활성이 유지 되는 점은 주목할 만하였으며, 3균주 모두 $45^{\circ}C$까지 90% 이상의 안정성을 나타내었다. 한편 효소의 최적 pH는 3 균주 모두 pH 6.5이었으며, pH 6.0에서 효소활성이 가장 안정하였다.

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가시오가피 물추출물이 고콜레스테롤식이를 공급한 흰쥐의 지질대사에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Acanthopanax Senticosus Water Extract on Lipid Metabolism in Rats Fed a Hypercholesterol Diet)

  • 원향례
    • 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.501-508
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    • 2012
  • In order to find the effect of improving hyperlipidemia by Acanthopanax senticosus water extract, a hypercholesterol diet and Acanthopanax senticosus water extract were supplemented to week- old male Spargue Dawley rats for four weeks in different amount. Results showed that serum total cholesterol significantly decreased in the group supplemented with Acanthopanax senticosus water extract by 50mg/kg(ASW-50) and 75mg/kg(ASW-75) compared with the control group.(p<0.05). Serum triglyceride also showed a significant decrease in the group supplemented with 50mg/kg(ASW-50) and 75mg/kg(ASW-75) compared with the control group. Liver total cholesterol showed a significant decrease in the group supplemented with Acanthopanax senticosus water extract by 50mg/kg(ASW-50) and 75mg/kg(ASW-75) compared with the control group(p<0.05), but liver triglyceride did not show a significant decrease in all of the experiment groups. Total cholesterol and triglyceride in feces significantly increased in all of the groups supplemented with Acanthopanax senticosus water extract(p<0.05). Acanthopanax senticosus water extract decreased the level of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride, reduced total cholesterol in the liver, and increased the excretion of total cholesterol and triglyceride in the feces.

Production and Properties of Edible Film Using Whey Protein

  • Chae, Seung-Il;Heo, Tae-Ryoen
    • Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.122-125
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    • 1997
  • The utilization of excess whey is necessary to reduce dairy waste because the large amount of whey disposal in waste streams has caused environmental problems. During whey protein film production as the effective means of utilization of excess whey, we have examined the effects of pH, temperature, and plasticizers for water vapor permeability(WVP), tensile strength(TS), and elongation rate(%E) of the whey protein films. The 10% whey protein films had the highest WVP(28.73g$.$mm/kPa$.$day$.$㎡) and TS(1.85${\pm}$0.11Mpa). But, in this case, an increase of WVP was caused by the thickness of whey protein films. At the concentration of 8% whey protein, appropriate thickness was obtained. Whey protein films prepared at the pH 6.75 and 95$^{\circ}C$ showed lower WVP(28.38g$.$mm/kPa$.$day$.$㎡) and elongation rate(12.9%) and higher TS value(3.769${\pm}$0.407 MPa) than at the pH 6.75 and 75$^{\circ}C$. As the temperature increased, WVP of films decreased slightly and tensile strength increased slightly, while elongation rate decreased significantly. Higher WVP and TS were observed at pH6.75 compared to pH7-9. In contrast, significantly higher elongation was observed at pH 9comapred to pH6.75-8. Among the plasticizer types used, the addition of sorbitol showed the highest TS value(6.244${\pm}$0.297 MPa) at the concentration 0.4g sorbitol and elongation rate(49%) at the concentration of 0.6g sorbitol.

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Changes in Pain Following the Different Intensity of the Stretching and Types of Physical Stress

  • Lim, Woo-taek
    • 한국전문물리치료학회지
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    • 제26권4호
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    • pp.63-69
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    • 2019
  • Background: Both the rapid concentric and eccentric contractions during exercise repeatedly impose excessive stress on muscle tissue. The hamstring muscles are very susceptible to injury due to the tensile stress. Various interventions are currently being undertaken to prevent strain injury before exercise. Stretching is the most common method and is known to have a positive effect on flexibility and muscle performance. However, relatively few studies have investigated the potential negative factors of stretching. Objects: The purpose of this study was to examine changes in pain following the different intensity of the stretching and types of physical stress. Methods: The subjects were divided into three groups based on the intensity of stretching: 100% (S100), 75% (S75), and 50% (S50) of the measured force at the point of discomfort in static stretching and 100% (P100), 75% (P75), and 50% (P50) of the maximum voluntary isometric contraction in Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) stretching. The pain individual subjects perceived after stretching was measured via a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and compared between the groups Results: Despite the decrease in the intensity of static stretching, no decrease in VAS value was observed. In PNF stretching, a significant decrease was observed at P50 compared to P100. S100 was significantly higher than P75 and P50. Conclusion: Previous studies have shown that PNF has a superior or the same effect on flexibility in comparison with static stretching. This effect was maintained even in moderate intensity. PNF stretching performed under moderate rather than high intensive static stretching, which causes pain and discomfort, might be recommended in clinical settings.

폐쇄성 기도 질환자에서 기관지 확장제 반응에 대한 평가 (Interpretation of Bronchodilator Response in Patients with Obstructive Airway Disease)

  • 최희진;김기범;조영복;조인호;정진홍;이관호;이현우
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제42권3호
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    • pp.332-341
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    • 1995
  • 연구목적: 폐쇄성 기도 질환자에서 기관지 확장제에 대한 반응의 평가는 그 반응의 가역성 유무에 따라 진단, 치료 그리고 예후 판단에 도움이 된다. 기관지 확장제 반응 지표는 폐쇄성 기도 질환자에서 기관지 확장 반응을 보다 예민하게 찾아낼 수 있어야 하고 폐쇄 정도에 따라 그 예만도가 일정하여야 하며, 그리고 처음 FEV1값에 크게 좌우되지 않아야 폐쇄성 기도 질환자에서 효과적으로 기관지 확장제 반응을 평가할 수 있다. 방법: 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원 내과를 내원하여 폐쇄성 기도질환자로 진단받은 환자 75명을 대상으로 하여 fenoterol 흡입전과 흡입후 10분에 각각 폐기능 검사(2800 Autobox plethysmograph Gould electronics)를 시행하였으며, 이들 중 가역 반응을 보인 환자들을 처음 $FEV_1$(% pred)값에 따라 중증군, 중등증군, 경증군으로 나누어, American Thoracic Society에서 정한 가역성반응의 기준에 따라 기관지 가역 반응을 나타내는 5가지 지표($FEV_1$, FVC, $FEF_{25\sim75%}$, Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$, sGaw)들에서 그 예민도를 조사하였고 그리고 폐쇄성 기도 질환자 75명에서 $FEV_1$으로 가역반응을 나타내는 4가지 지표인 absolute, % initial, % predicted, %possible으로 구분하여 처음 $FEV_1$값에 대한 의존도를 조사하였다. 결과: 가역 반응의 예민도 조사에서 전체적으로 Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$와 sGaw에서 58.0%, 60.0%로 가장 높았고 유량속도의 변화를 이용한 지표 중에서는 FVC가 54.0%로 가장 높았다. 중증군에서는 FVC, Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$, sGaw에서 61.5% 였고, 중등증군에서는 Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$와 sGaw에서 각각 56.3% 였으며 경증군에서는 $FEV_1$과 sGaw에서 62.5% 그리고 Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$와 FVC에서 50.0%였다. 처음 $FEV_1$값에 대한 의존도 조사에서는 처음 $FEV_1$값을 측정된 $FEV_1$값(L)로 나타낼 때 처음 $FEV_1$값과 absolute, % initial, % predicted, % possible 각각에서의 상관계수 r은 0.15, -0.22(p<0.05), 0.02, 0.24(p<0.05)였으며, 처음 $FEV_1$값을 $FEV_1$, % predicted로 나타낼 때 처음 $FEV_1$값과 absolute, % initial, % predicted, % possible 각각에서의 상관계수 r은 0.06, -0.28(p<0.05), 0.08, 0.39(p<0.05) 였다. 결론: 이상의 결과에서 폐쇄성 기도 질환에서 기관지 확장반응의 가역성을 나타내는 5가지 판정 지표들 중 처음 폐쇄정도와 관계없이 폐용적의 변화를 고려한 지표(Isovolume $FEF_{25\sim75%}$, sGaw)들에서 가역반응의 예민도가 높았으며, $FEV_1$으로 가역반응을 니타내는 4가지 지표중에서 처음 $FEV_1$값에 의존도가 가장 낯은 지표는 % predicted 였고, 처음 $FEV_1$값과 상관관계를 가지는 지표는 % initial과 % possible 이었다.

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Variety and phosphate fertilizer dose effect on nutrient composition, in vitro digestibility and feeding value of cowpea haulm

  • Ansah, Terry;Algma, Henry Ayindoh;Dei, Herbert Kwabla
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제58권6호
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    • pp.19.1-19.7
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    • 2016
  • Background: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.]) is a legume cultivated throughout most tropical countries and is valued as food and feed for human and livestock respectively. The search for an improved cowpea variety has been on-going with the aim of improving traits such as grain yield, drought and pest resistance. But no information exist on the feeding value of these improved varieties. Phosphate (P) fertilizer application is recommended to augment grain yield in grain legumes but data on the effect of P fertilizer on haulm quality is limited. Results: Two separate experiments were conducted to determine the effect of P fertilizer dose on the nutritive value of haulms from different cowpea varieties (V). In experiment 1, effect of three P doses (30, 60 and 90 kg $P_2O_5/ha$) on in vitro gas production (IVGP) characteristics, concentrations of digestible organic matter (DOM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of haulms from five cowpea varieties (Zaayura-SARC 4-75, Songotra-IT97K-499-35, Hewale-IT93K-192-4, IT99K 573-1-1 and Asomdwe-IT94K-410-2) were investigated using the $3(P){\times}5(V)$ factorial treatment arrangements in a completely randomized design. In experiment 2, the effects of two P doses (30 and 90 kg $P_2O_5/ha$) and two varieties (Zaayura-SARC 4-75 and Hewale-IT93K-192-4) on the voluntary feed intake, live weight, haematology and carcass characteristics of Djallonke lambs were also assessed using a $2(P){\times}2(V)$ factorial treatment arrangement. The $V{\times}P$ interaction significantly affected CP, NDF and ADF with CP concentration increasing with increase in P doses in Zaayura-SARC 4-75 and Asomdwe-IT94K-410-2. Whilst an increase (P < 0.05) in NDF was observed in Songotra-IT97K-499-35and Asomdwe-IT94K-410-2 as P doses increased, the other V only increased from P dose 30 to 60 kg/ha and declined at P dose 90 kg/ha. The ADF decreased (P < 0.05) with increase in P dose for all V with the exception of Songotra-IT97K-499-35. There was a significant V effect on DOM with the highest reported in Zaayura-SARC 4-75 (43.44 %). Daily DM intake, carcass length and blood urea nitrogen of the lambs were significantly affected by the V x P interaction. There was a significant V effect on globulin and P effect on live weight at slaughter, dressed weight, chuck, leg, loin, rib and flank and liver and lungs. Conclusion: It can be concluded that nutrient concentrations of cowpea haulms were positively influenced by different P dose and varieties with favorable effects on growth, haematology and carcass composition of lambs. Varieties Zaayura-SARC 4-75 and Hewale-IT93K-192-4 at P dose at 90 kg/ha are recommended to enhance growth performance and carcass yield of Djallonke lambs.

임플란트 직경이 골유착에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 (INFLUENCE OF IMPLANT DIAMETER ON THE OSSEOINTEGRATION OF IMPLANTS : AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN RABBITS)

  • 이준호;신상완;권상호
    • 대한치과보철학회지
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    • 제41권2호
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    • pp.169-181
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    • 2003
  • Statement of problem : The survival rate of wide diameter implants was lower than of 3.75-mm implants in some clinical researches. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of implant diameter on the osseointegration of implants in the rabbit femoral condyle and tibial metaphyses by means of removal torque measurements and histomorphometric analysis. Material and Method : Ten adult New Zealand White rabbits were used in this study Two 3.75-mm diameter implants were inserted through one cortical layer in the tibial metaphyses and one 3.75-mm diameter implant was inserted in the femoral condyle. 5.0-mm diameter implants were inserted in the other leg in the same manner. A total of 60 implants (3.75-mm diameter implants:30 : 5.0-mm diameter implants:30) were installed. After a healing time of 4 and 12 weeks, the peak removal torque values required to shear off the implants were recorded. From the removal torque values (Ncm) obtained, the mean shear stress ($N/mm^2$) was calculated. And the percentage of direct bone-to-implant contact and the percentage of bone area inside the thread were measured by Kappa Image Base-metreo. The Student's t-test was undertaken for statistical analysis (p<0.05). Results : The removal torque value of 5.0-mm diameter implants was higher than of 3.75-mm diameter implants (p<0.05). The difference of shear stress value between 3.75-mm and 5.0-mm diameter implants was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The percentage direct bone-to-implant contact had no statistical difference between two groups (p>0.05). The percentage of bone area inside the thread had no statistical difference between two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion It is concluded that the quality f osseointegration is not influenced by increasing implant diameter.

농촌여성들의 계절별 활동량과 체성분 차이에 관한 종단 연구 (A Longitudinal Study on Seasonal Variations of Physical Activity and Body Composition of Rural Women)

  • 임화재
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제28권9호
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    • pp.893-903
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    • 1995
  • This study was attempted to estimate seasonal variations of physical activity level, energy balance & body composition of 38 rural women, aged 31 to 67yrs in three seasons ; farming season(June), harvesting season(October), nonfarming season(February) Energy intake, energy expenditure and body composition were assessed using questionnaire, daily activity diary & bioelectrical impedance. The type of activities & the period of the spent on each activity were changed significantly with the seasons. Daily mean duration(min) of farming activity was significantly higher in June & October than in February(p<0.005) & daily mean energy expenditure for farming activity was significantly high in June & low inFebruary (p<0.005). Daily mean energy expenditure was 2892.9㎉ in June, 2487.4㎉ in October and 2130.9㎉ in February and changed significantly in three seasons(p<0.005). Daily mean energy intake was significantly higher in June(=1950.3㎉) & October (=1946.9㎉) than in February(=1423.3㎉)(p<0.005). According to RDA for koreans, the level of physical activity fell into exceptional activity category in June, heavy in October, moderate in February. Mean energy balance was negative in all seasons ; 0.682 in June, 0.812 in October and 0.698 in February. In three seasons mean body weight, mean obesity rate and mean body mass index(BMI) were not changed significantly. But there were significant seasonal variations in body fat(%) & lean body mass(LBM)(%). The mean percentage of body fat(%) was within normal range(24.44-24.79%) & the mean percentage of lean body mass(LBM)(%) representing long term physical activity was significantly higher in June(75.56%) & October(75.21%) & October (75.21%) than in February(72.75%)(p<0.05).

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Impact of PSA and DRE on Histologic Findings at Prostate Biopsy in Turkish Men Over 75 Years of Age

  • Verim, Levent;Yildirim, Asif;Basok, Erem Kaan;Peltekoglu, Erol;Pelit, Eyup Sabri;Zemheri, Ebru;Tokuc, Resit
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • 제14권10호
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    • pp.6085-6088
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    • 2013
  • Prostate specidic antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE) are the known predictive factors for positive prostate biopsies differing according to the age, region and race. There have been only very limited studies about the impact of PSA on histological findings at prostate biopsy in Turkey. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of PSA and clinical stage on histologic findings of prostate biopsy in men older than 75 years of age as a first study in the Turkish population. A total of 1,645 consecutive prostate biopsies were included, with 194 men aged 75 or older. Cancer was identified in 104 patients (53.6%). Of the 104 positive biopsies, Gleason scores were less than 7 in 53 (49%) patients, 7 or greater in 51 (51%) patients. Positive prostate biopsies were significantly correlated with advanced age (p=0.0001), abnormal DRE (p=0.0001) and raised PSA (p=0.0001). The prostate volume was significantly correlated with advanced age especially in prostate cancer patients over 75 years, compared with those under 75 (p=0.0001). These results are useful for counseling men older than 75 years for prostate cancer detection. However, PCa screening decisions are currently based on urologist judgment and detection of latent asymptomatic disease is an important concern regarding costs, overdiagnosis, overtreatment and quality of life (QOL) for men aged 75 years and older. Healthy old patients with a long life expectancy need to be carefully evaluated for eligibility for PCa screening.

정상인에서 조도와 굴절이상도에 따른 시유발전위 검사 값의 변화 (The Changes of VEP Values According to the Luminance Conditions and Refractive Errors in Normal Persons)

  • 임현성;이군자
    • 한국안광학회지
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.111-117
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    • 2007
  • 약시의 진단 및 치료와 자각하지 못하는 영유아의 시력검사에 유용하게 사용되는 VEP 검사는 검사실 조도와 굴절이상도에 따라 차이가 날 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 정상인에서 조도와 굴절이상도에 따라 나타나는 시유발전위(VEP) 검사값의 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 안과 및 신경질환이 없는 시력이 1.0(20/20) 이상인 성인 41명(남자 24명, 여자 17명)을 대상으로 조도와 굴절이상도에 따라 VEP $P_{100}$ 잠복기와 진폭을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Scotopic 상태에서 $N_{75}$ 잠복기는 $75.83{\pm}3.69$ msec, $P_{100}$ 잠복기는 $103.48{\pm}5.34$ msec, $P_{100}$ 진폭은 $14.86{\pm}2.43$ msec이며, photopic 상태에서 $N_{75}$ 잠복기는 $76.71{\pm}3.11$ msec, $P_{100}$ 잠복기는 $107.26{\pm}5.54$ msec, $P_{100}$ 진폭은 $10.35{\pm}1.75$ msec으로 측정되었다. Photopic 상태에서 $P_{100}$ 잠복기와 진폭은 scotopic 상태에서보다 모두 증가하였으며 두 값은 통계적으로 유의하게 차이가 있었다(p<0.01). 굴절이상을 유발한 경우 $P_{100}$ 잠복기는 scotopic 및 photopic 상태에서 모두 정시상태보다 지연되었으며(p<0.01), photopic 상태에서 더 많이 지연되었다. $P_{100}$ 진폭도 굴절이상을 유발한 경우 scotopic 상태와 photopic 상태에서 모두 정시상태보다 감소하였다. 정시상태의 $P_{100}$ 잠복기와 진폭은 scotopic 상태에서는 근시를 유발한 상태 값과 상관성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 정상인의 경우에 $P_{100}$ 잠복기와 진폭은 검사실 조도에 따라, 굴절이상도에 따라 측정값이 달라진다는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이 결과는 VEP 측정 시에 조도와 굴절이상도를 고려하여 측정값을 해석할 때 유용하게 사용되리라 생각된다.

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