• 공업화학
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.35-39
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• 2015

범용성 고분자인 폴리염화비닐(PVC)의 용매에 대한 용해도 차이를 이용하여 미세다공성 구조의 표면을 갖는 초소수성 박막을 제조하고 박막의 형상에 따른 표면 특성을 분석하였다. 용매로 테트라하이드로퓨란과 비용매인 프로판올로 구성된 PVC 용액을 딥코팅으로 물과의 접촉각이 $150^{\circ}$ 이상인 초소수성 PVC 박막을 얻었다. PVC 박막 제조과정의 표면 건조공정에서 온도가 증가는 표면 거칠기를 상대적으로 감소시켜 표면의 소수성 특성 저하를 가져왔다. PVC 용액에 비용매인 프로판올의 양을 증가시키면 코팅 박막의 표면 거칠기가 균일해지고 접촉각을 증가시키는 효과를 보였다. 초소수성의 PVC 박막 표면을 산소 플라즈마 처리하면 노출시간에 따라 친수성으로 표면특성이 변환됨을 확인하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.621-629
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• 2018

Many chemically active species such as ${\cdot}H$, ${\cdot}OH$, $O_3$, $H_2O_2$, hydrated $e^-$, as well as ultraviolet rays, are produced by Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma in water and are widely use to remove non-biodegradable materials and deactivate microorganisms. As the plasma gas containing chemically active species that is generated from the plasma reaction has a short lifetime and low solubility in water, increasing the dissolution rate of this gas is an important challenge. To this end, the plasma gas and water within reactor were mixed using the air-automizing nozzle, and then, water-gas mixture was injected into water. The dissolving effect of plasma gas was indirectly confirmed by measuring the RNO (N-Dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline, indicator of the formation of OH radical) solution. The plasma system consisted of an oxygen generator, a high-voltage power supply, a plasma generator and a liquid-gas mixing reactor. Experiments were conducted to examine the effects of location of air-automizing nozzle, flow rate of plasma gas, water circulation rate, and high-voltage on RNO degradation. The experimental results showed that the RNO removal efficiency of the air-automizing nozzle is 29.8% higher than the conventional diffuser. The nozzle position from water surface was not considered to be a major factor in the design and operation of the plasma reactor. The plasma gas flow rate and water circulation rate with the highest RNO removal rate were 3.5 L/min and 1.5 L/min, respectively. The ratio of the plasma gas flow rate to the water circulation rate for obtaining an RNO removal rate of over 95% was 1.67 ~ 4.00.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2550-2558
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• 2013

주사슬에 oligo(oxy ethylene) 팬던트를 갖는 poly(o-hydroxyamides)(PHAs) 공중합체를 저온에서 용액 중축합 반응에 의해서 합성하였다. 이들 공중합 전구체들의 특성은 1H-NMR, FT-IR, DSC, TGA, UTM 그리고 LOI 등을 이용하여 조사하였다. $35^{\circ}C$의 DMAc 또는 DMAc/LiCl 용액하에서 측정된 PHAs의 고유점성도는 0.74~1.42 dL/g의 범위를 보였다. 전구체들의 용해도는 oligo(oxy ethylene) 단위의 증가와 함께 증가하였으나, polybenzexazoles(PBOs)는 다양한 용매에도 거의 용해되지 않았다. 공중합 전구체들의 분해온도는 질소분위기하에서 $408{\sim}664^{\circ}C$의 범위를 보였고, $900^{\circ}C$에서 char 수득률은 13~59%의 값을 보였다. 공중합 전구체들의 기계적 성질과 난연특성은 oligo(oxy ethylene) 단위가 증가함에 따라 감소하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.99-105
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• 1999

Methylcellulose (MC), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose-15 (HPMC-15)와 hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose-50 (HPMC-50)필름과 이에 칼슘을 첨가한 식용필름을 제조하여 이화학적 특성을 비교 연구하였다. 제조된 필름은 모두 $2.38{\sim}3.55$의 운도를 나타내며, 백색의 투명한 필름을 형성하였다. 인장강도는 MC필름이 HPMC필름보다 높았으며, 칼슘의 첨가에 의하여 증가하였고, 신장율은 HPMC-15와 이에 칼슘을 첨가한 필름군만 유의적으로 낮았다. 용해도는 HPMC의 점도의 증가에 따라 감소하였으며, MC필름과 HPMC-15필름 사이에는 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았고 칼슘의 첨가에 의하여 영향을 나타내지 않았다. 칼슘첨가에 의하여 투습도는 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, MC필름이 HPMC-50 필름보다 낮았고, HPMC필름은 점도의 증가에 따라 증가하였다. 가스투과도는 MC필름이 HPMC필름보다 적었으며, 칼슘 첨가로 이산화탄소와 산소의 투과계수의 비가 낮게 측정되었다. 주사현미경으로 표면형상을 관찰한 결과 칼슘을 첨가한 MC필름이 더욱 균일한 표면형상을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과로서 HPMC와 MC필름은 Ca을 첨가함으로서 제조방법의 차이는 없었으나 인장강도가 증가하고 균일한 표면형상을 나타내어 HPMC와 MC필름 보다 내구성이 있는 필름을 제조할 수 있었다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 기존 실리콘 반도체 기술 기반의 포토 및 이빔 리소그래피 공정을 통하여 유기 반도체 소자를 패터닝하였다. P3HT나 PEDOT 등의 유기 반도체는 용매에 녹기 때문에 MIMIC (micro-molding in capillaries)이나 inkjet printing 기술을 이용하여 마이크로미터 크기의 소자 제작이 가능하였으나, 펜타신은 용매에 녹지 않기 때문에 매우 복잡한 방법으로 마이크로미터 크기의 소자를 제작하여왔다. 그러나, 본 연구에서는 원자층 증착 방법으로 증착한 산화 알루미늄막을 펜타신의 보호층으로 이용하여 기존의 포토 및 이빔 리소그래피 방법으로 마이크로미터크기의 펜타신 소자를 제작하였으며 그 전기 특성을 확인하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.624-627
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• 2001

Two kinds of Nd$_{1+x}$Ba$_{2-x}$Cu$_3$O$_{7-{\delta}}$, the sintering samples and zone melting samples, were heat treated under pure Ar at 95$0^{\circ}C$. The substitution of Nd ion for Ba ion in the Nd$_{1+x}$Ba$_{2-x}$Cu$_3$O$_{7-{\delta}}$ before and after the heat treatment were investigated by XRD. In order to know the effects of the heat treatment, the T$_{c}$ and J$_{c}$ of samples with the heat treatment and those without the heat treatment by Ar were comparatively studied. The results show that the substitution of Nd for Ba decreased, T$_{c}$, and J$_{c}$ increased after the treatment under Ar at 95$0^{\circ}C$. The Nd$_{1+x}$Ba$_{2-x}$Cu$_3$O$_{7-{\delta}}$ samples were oxygenated under pure oxygen at 30$0^{\circ}C$. From the XRD pattern it was found that the sample with x< 0.4 could transfer from tetragonal phase to orthorhombic phase after the oxygenation, but the sample with x>0.4 could not make the phase transition even after a long time oxygenation.ion even after a long time oxygenation.ation.n.ation.ation.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.913-916
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• 2001

From 1994 the cooperation between NEU of China and MJU of South Korea for study of ReBaCuO (Re=Rare earth elements) superconductors has been carried out. The progress has been got in following projects. Critical current density ($J_c$) of YBaCuO superconductor prepared by Melting Textured Growth (MTG) was improved. In the preparation of textured YBaCuO, 20 wt.% of YBaCuO 211 phase was added, which would be climactic for the microcracks in the textured YBaCuO. The effects of the 211 phase and Ag content on the superconductivity were studied and discussed in detail. The improved $J_c$ value was reached to 8$\times$10^4 A/cm^2 (77K,0T). Single phase $YbBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{x}$ superconductor was sintered by the traditional powder metallurgical method, and its reaction process was studied. In recent years, NdBaCuO superconductor is being performed. The behavior of $Nd_{4}Ba_{2}Cu_{2}O_{10}$(Nd422 phase) and the solid solubility, x in the superconductor $Nd_{1+x}Ba_{2-x}Cu_{3}O_{y}$ by the heat treatment in the low oxygen partial pressure (1%) or Ar at $950{\circ}C$ were investigated. The zone-melting process was used to make oriented NdBaCuO superconductor in order to increase the critical current density.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.274-279
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• 2013

Flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) of the carbon steel piping in nuclear power plants (NPPs) has been major issue in nuclear industry. During the FAC, a protective oxide layer on carbon steel dissolves into flowing water leading to a thinning of the oxide layer and accelerating corrosion of base material. As a result, severe failures may occur in the piping and equipment of NPPs. Effect of alloying elements on FAC of pipe materials was studied with rotating cylinder FAC test facility at $150^{\circ}C$ and at flow velocity of 4m/s. The facility is equipped with on line monitoring of pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen(DO) and temperature. Test solution was the demineralized water, and DO concentration was less than 1 ppb. Surface appearance of A 106 Gr. B which is used widely in secondary pipe in NPPs showed orange peel appearance, typical appearance of FAC. The materials with Cr content higher than 0.17wt.% showed pit. The pit is thought to early degradation mode of FAC. The corrosion product within the pit was enriched with Cr, Mo, Cu, Ni and S. But S was not detected in SA336 F22V with 2.25wt.% Cr. The enrichment of Cr and Mo seemed to be related with low, solubility of Cr and Mo compared to Fe. Measured FAC rate was compared with Ducreaux's relationship and showed slightly lower FAC rate than Ducreaux's relationship.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2014

We fabricated undoped and Sb-doped $SnO_2$ thin films on glass substrates by a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) process. Undoped and 2 - 8 wt% $Sb_2O_3$-doped $SnO_2$ targets with a high density level of ~90% were prepared by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) process. Initially, the effects of the deposition temperature on undoped $SnO_2$ thin films were investigated in the region of $100-600^{\circ}C$. While the undoped $SnO_2$ film exhibited the lowest resistivity of $1.20{\times}10^{-2}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ at $200^{\circ}C$ due to the highest carrier concentration generated by the oxygen vacancies, 2 wt% Sb-doped $SnO_2$ film exhibited the lowest resistivity value of $5.43{\times}10^{-3}{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$, the highest average transmittance of 85.8%, and the highest figure of merit of 1202 ${\Omega}^{-1}{\cdot}cm^{-1}$ at $400^{\circ}C$ among all of the doped films. These results imply that 2 wt% $Sb_2O_3$ is an optimum doping content close to the solubility limit of $Sb^{5+}$ substitution for the $Sb^{4+}$ sites of $SnO_2$.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.8
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• pp.325-325
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• 2007

The perovskites in the $LaAlO_3-BaZrO_3$ system (i.e., $(1-x)LaAlO_3-xBaZrO_3$ were fabricated by a solid state reaction and their dielectric properties were investigated. For the compositions of x=0.1~0.9, the mixture of $LaAlO_3$ with a rhombohedral structure and $BaZrO_3$ with a cubic was observed when the sintering was conducted at $1500^{\circ}C$, indicating that the solubility of constituent elements was very low and a narrow solid solution region might exist. The large difference of ionic radii between $La^{3+}$ ion (0.136nm, C.N.=12) and $Ba^{2+}$ ion (0.161nm) or $Al^{3+}$ ion (0.0535nm, C.N.=6) and $Zr^{4+}$ ion (0.072nm) might hinder the mutual substitution. Within the compositions of x=0~0.7, the dielectric constant of the mixture increased with the amount of $BaZrO_3$, i.e., x value, which was in good agreement with the logarithmic mixing rule (In $_{r,i}={\Sigma}v_iln\;_{r,i}$). The increase in $BaZrO_3$ doping decreased $Q{\times}f$ value significantly due to the low $Q{\times}f$ value of $BaZrO_3$ itself, a poor microstructure of the mixture with an increased grain boundary area per volume, and defects in the cation and oxygen sub-lattices which were respectively caused by the evaporation of barium during the sintering process and the substitution of Ba on La-site or Al on Zr-site.