• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.192-195
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• 2000

Pulmonary function test is used as a guideline for safe pulmonary resection without complications. Usually FEVl lower than 1 liter is considered as a contraindication of lobectomy. Therefore, the curative operation of resectable lung cancer can not be performed in the case of poor pulmonary functions. Nowadays, there are some arguing points about the value of preoperative PFTs before the pulmonary resection. We performed a right pneumonectomy for stage H lung cancer in a patient with poor lung function test; FVC 2.17L, FEVl 0.97L, FEVl/FVC 44%, FEF 25-75％ 0.42L/sec, MVV 28L/min, TLC 5.18L, RV 2.99. During 4 months follow up, the patient had been tolerable. The follow up PFTs at postoperative 3 months 18 days showed up as follows; FVC 1.20L, FEVI 0.63L, FEVl/FVC 53%, FEF 25-75% 0.31L/sec, MVV 25L/min, TLC 3.80L, RV 2.33L.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.285-318
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is to suggest a theoretical base and guideline for the national scientific and technical information center which is assigned to take charge of the management and building knowledge and information infrastructure of the national scientific technology. And the objective of this study is to contribute to strengthen the need of the building of the national scientific and technical information center and provide operation programs and vision toward information center which will be established later. This study suggests a plan and strategy which make it possible to conduct functions as the national repository, clearinghouse, and portal gateway of the electronic resource and propose space program for the optimal building construction. Therefore, the contents of this study cover the building of the national scientific and technical information center as well as the basic plan of scale and space program, validity analysis of site location and environment.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.41-51
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• 2010

This paper describes the development of various lighting equipment adapting Ultra Constant Discharge Lamp that has newly been on commercial supply in the market. Meeting the required conditions of lighting equipment, various types of UCD Lamp equipment with excellent performances could be successfully developed. In order to provide a guideline for the economical lighting product selection, the analyzed data comparison between Hi-pressure Sodium Lamp which has been the most popular lamp for street lighting and UCD Lamp is provided. The conclusions of the study are made as follows; (1) The performance measurement result of UCD Lamp shows excellent Luminous Efficacy as 108Lm/W, daylight-like Color Rendering Index as 90Ra, and the best operating temperature range as $-50^{\circ}C{\sim}+85^{\circ}C$. Comparing to the Hi-pressure Sodium Lamp, UCD could be evaluated as much superior products. (2) In an assembled status with the lighting fixture (Type STB형-60W), UCD Lamp was tested OK for one hour duration at the temperature range form $-50^{\circ}C$ to $+85^{\circ}C$ and the humidity of 98%. The operation at the extremely low temperature can be an excellent feature to enable the export to the cold temperature regions such as Northern Europe and Russia and the specific applications for defense systems and special industry. (3) As UCD Lamp is a genuine Korea made product following Energy-saving and Eco-friendly policy, it should be appreciated as one of the best $CO^2$ reduction Green product.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.123-146
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• 2007

This study has attempted to suggest an assistant model for systematic child care accreditation. This has been carried out from the current consciousness of such needs for child care accreditation as large regional disparity in assistant level, no indication to definite contents and method of assistance, demand for assistant professionals with intensified capacity and requirement for the support of financial and human resources. Six stages of assistant process: the stage of establishment and management of preparation class, the stage of application for assistance and consultation, the stage of assistant meeting, the stage of workshop and observation to exemplary institutions, and the stage of practical application and evaluation of visiting assistance have been suggested. Particularly in order to improve the efficiency of assistance, organization of a committee of expert advisors in each area has been indicated. For the guideline of assistant management, operation of preparation class for accreditation, security of assistant committee members, provision of systematic training and assistant manual, development of supervision program and financial support have been suggested. This assistant manual will contribute to systematic and efficient conduct of assistance program of child care accreditation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

A fuel supply system of heavy-duty CNG engine is composed as a module structure which is integrated by about 6 injectors. There are only one input and output passage for gas fuel supply in this injector module. The response performance for transient operation of an CNG engine is very poor because only one output fuel supply line is connected to the intake pipe after a throttle valve. In this study, a new guideline and internal flow design for the CNG injector module is suggested for the improvement of response performance by fluid dynamic simulations. As a result, the response performance of gas fuel supply can be improved by decreasing the total volume of internal flow passages and a same distance design from each injector to the exit of module shows good response performance and acquirement of linearity of fuel supply. But the injection order has little influence to injection performances.

• IE interfaces
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.311-318
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• 2010

In the daily multi-reservoir operating problem, monthly storage targets can be used as principal operational guidelines. In this study, we tested the use of a simple back-propagation Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to derive monthly storage guideline for daily Coordinated Multi-reservoir Operating Model (CoMOM) of the Han-River basin. This approach is based on the belief that the optimum solution of the daily CoMOM has a good performance, and the ANN model trained with the results of daily CoMOM would produce effective monthly operating guidelines. The optimum results of daily CoMOM is used as the training set for the back-propagation ANN model, which is designed to derive monthly reservoir storage targets in the basin. For the input patterns of the ANN model, we adopted the ratios of initial storage of each dam to the storage of Paldang dam, ratios of monthly expected inflow of each dam to the total inflow of the whole basin, ratios of monthly demand at each dam to the total demand of the whole basin, ratio of total storage of the whole basin to the active storage of Paldang dam, and the ratio of total inflow of the whole basin to the active storage of the whole basin. And the output pattern of ANN model is the optimal final storages that are generated by the daily CoMOM. Then, we analyzed the performance of the ANN model by using a real-time simulation procedure for the multi-reservoir system of the Han-river basin, assuming that historical inflows from October 1st, 2004 to June 30th, 2007 (except July, August, September) were occurred. The simulation results showed that by utilizing the monthly storage target provided by the ANN model, we could reduce the spillages, increase hydropower generation, and secure more water at the end of the planning horizon compared to the historical records.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.14
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• pp.151-180
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• 2004

Owing to the digital revolution, Internet Commerce and Electronic commerce, revolutionize the way of doing business and making payment. The entrance of the Internet has a prominent for spread of Electronic Commerce and those phenomenons will result in paperless trading and cashless trade. By virtue of Internet, an increasing share of business transactions occurs online. Electronic payment is essential for the smooth progress of the electronic commerce as electronic payment plays the important role in the electronic commerce, that is, the value transfer restyling from the electronic commerce. Traditionally international settlement systems such as letters of credits, remittance and documentary collections operated as important and poplar method of payment, Now, information technology has made it possible to pay for the sale of goods and services over the internet. In international trade, there are service providers (bolero, TradeCard, BeXcom) to settle payment electronically through the Internet. The purpose of this study is to Conduct comparative analysis with approach manner functional respect systematic respect, role. It is shown which the Electronic payment system is better. In this study, the author attempts to find the problems is (bolero, TradeCard, BeXcom) and solutions in switching from the documentary payment system to the electronic one. This conclusion of this study can be summarized as followings. In resoect of the law, bolero should seek to prevert the users from being treated unfairly due to multilateral agreement on Rulebook. TradeCard, BeXcom do not have the proper law that users are governed. so far as the practice problems concerned, stability of computer's operation and security of message interchange should be warranted and improved continuously. Through the standardization of the electronic document and the development of software, the examination of the shipping occuments must be done automatically. Bolero should induce more banks to take part in Bolero, and make the carrier the cost and time in managing the traditional document which will be used for the time being. In respect of information technology and security, to deduce the risk in the electronic settlement system and positively uses the global authentication guideline(Identrus).

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.49-56
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• 2015

Korea government has established clear cost estimation standard based on a survey of e-learning contents development cost and presented 'e-Learning Contents Development Cost Estimation Guidelines' that reflect the characteristics of the e-learning industry. However, if there is no institutional support, this guideline and system fails to achieve the purposes and objectives. And it is likely to be facing a dead document. Therefore, the policy foundation is required. This study suggested the following policy; stepwise activation of cost estimation standard, enact announcement and periodically adjustment of cost estimation standard, installation and operation of cost estimation standard operational committee, conjunction with the e-learning industry survey, cultural diffusion of co-owned copyright, systematic monitoring of the e-learning contents development process, research on activating policy of cost estimation standard, conjunction with the standard contract for enhancing policy effectiveness.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2006

Background and Aims: Herbal drugs and traditional medicines have lately attracted considerable attention by global pharmaceutical corporations because the conventional chemical drugs didn't work well for many chronic diseases or intractable diseases. The government of Korea is also supporting to develop the new drug which is high value added product, and the natural medicine including herbal medicine(or Traditional Korean Medicine) have a significant presence in this field. non-clinical pharmacology/toxicology study and clinical trial are the two major criteria which estimate efficacy and safety for registration of new drugs. All of the pharmaceutical companies producing herbal medicine and the academic and the academic world of Tradition Korean Medicine have the will to develop new herbal drugs, but there are obstacles that they have neither experience nor guideline about clinical trial. Therefore for developing new herbal drugs, it is necessary to research the present conditions and comprehensive systems about clinical trial in Northeast Asian countries China, Taiwan and Japan because they have the common background with Korea in traditional medicine fields. Methods : The present state of clinical trial for herbal medicine in Korea was investigated. And then, those in China, Taiwan, Japan was also investigated. Results and conclusions : There are significant differences among 4 Southeast Asian countries Korea, China, Taiwan and Japan each in present condition, purpose, involved comprehensive system including legislation, and actual operation of clinical trial for traditional medicine.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.93-100
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• 2002

In this paper, in ordor to examine the relevant technical facts which are very instructive to revise the domestic standard for lightning protection systems, standards and technical guideline for the protection of structure against lightning were reviewed, and several issues of the domestic standards were experimentally investigated. As a consequence, the insulator of relatively low implse voltage and a large percentage of lighting rods is flashovered by relatively low impulse voltage and a lage percentage of lighting current flows through supporting mast. Thus the potential gradient in the vicinity of supporter for lighting rods is extremely increased and the role of lighting propection systems is nullified. It seems obvious that the flashover of insular supporting lighting rod can range from erratic operation of microelectronic devices to minor physical ham or even death, or costly damage electrical equipment.