• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.85-95
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• 1986

The purpose of the present research was to study effects of experimental conditions and developmental tendency in the use of external cues in memory-for-object location in toddlers. This study consisted of two experiments. In study 1, the subjects were 12 toddlers, 18 to 23 months old ; in study 2, 30 toddlers, 24 to 41 months old. The findings showed that memory-for-object location in toddlers was different in accordance with experimental conditions; that is, memory-for-object location in the natural condition was significantly better than in the artificial condition. Effects of external cues were found ; that is, memory-for-object location was best in the condition of spatial cues, and next best in the condition of picture cues, and least good in the no cue condition.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.293-296
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• 2012

Memory reconsolidation is ubiquitous across species and various memory tasks. It is a dynamic process in which memory is modified and/or updated. In experimental conditions, memory reconsolidation is usually characterized by the fact that the consolidated memory is disrupted by a combination of memory reactivation and inhibition of protein synthesis. However, under some experimental conditions, the reactivated memory is not disrupted by inhibition of protein synthesis. This so called "boundary condition" of reconsolidation may be related to memory strength. In Pavlovian fear conditioning, the intensity of unconditional stimulus (US) determines the strength of the fear memory. In this study, we examined the effect of the intensity of US on the reconsolidation of contextual fear memory. Strong contextual fear memory, which is conditioned with strong US, is not disrupted by inhibition of protein synthesis after its reactivation; however, a weak fear memory is often disrupted. This suggests that a US of strong intensity can inhibit reconsolidation of contextual fear memory.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.681-689
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• 2014

In this paper, we investigate the influence of boundary dissipations on decay property of the solutions for a semilinear wave equation with damping and memory condition on the boundary using the multiplier technique.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.23 no.1 s.73
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• pp.209-222
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of interview techniques on memory accuracy and suggestibility of preschool children. Forty-five preschool children participated in a magic show(target event) and 1 week later, all children received suggestive interview in two conditions(language condition & drawing condition). Another 1 week later, all children's recall contents of the magic show was assessed. During suggestive interview, children in drawing condition show more 'acception' response than children in language condition, and children in the question condition show less 'remember' response than children in drawing condition. In second interview children reported more words, and specially ones in language condition report more suggested words than ones in drawing condition. Finally, children's recalls were more accurate on controled informations of the event than on suggestive.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.1-5
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• 2009

NiTiCu alloys can produce a large force per unit volume and operate with a simple mechanism. For this reasons, it has been widely studied for application as a micro actuator. So in this study, one-way and two way shape memory effects of Ti-42.5at%Ni-2.0at%Cu alloys are studied. In the case of one-way shape memory effects, shape memory recoverable stress and strain of this alloys were measured by means of tension and compression tests under constant temperature. The strains by tension and compression stress were perfectly recovered by heating at any testing conditions also shape memory recoverable stress increased to 116 MPa in tension tests and to 260 MPa in compression tests. In the case of two-way shape memory effects, transformation temperatures from thermal cycling under constant uniaxial applied tension and compression loads linearly increased by increasing external loads and their maximum recoverable strain is 3.8% at 100MPa tensile condition and 2.2% at 125 MPa compression condition.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.125-142
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• 2008

This study investigated the effects of space- and object-based attention on spatial and visual working memory, by measuring recognition of working memory on the spatial Stroop task including two modalities of attention resource. The similarity condition of stimulus arrangement between working memory task and spatial stroop task was manipulated in order to examine the effects of space-based attention on spatial rehearsal during working memory task, while Stroop rendition was manipulated in order to examine the effects of object-based attention on object rehearsal during working memory task. The results showed that in a condition that stimulus arrangement was highly similar for the spatial working memory task and the spatial Stroop task, recognition accuracy of the spatial working memory was high, but it was not significantly different with the Stroop conditions. In contrast, the recognition accuracy of visual working memory in the incongruent Stroop condition was lower than that in the congruent Stroop condition, but it was not significantly different with the similarity conditions (25% vs. 75%). The results indicated that selective attention has effects on working memory only when resource modality of working memory is the same as that of selective attention.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.285-290
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a fast encoding algorithm for scalable video encoding without compromising coding performance. Through analysis on multiple motion estimation processes performed at the enhancement layer, we show redundant motion estimations and suggest the condition under which the redundant ones can efficiently be determined without additional memory. Based on the condition, the redundant motion estimation processes are excluded in the proposed algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is faster than the conventional fast encoding method without performance degradation and additional memory.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.1013-1024
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• 2007

In this paper we consider the uniform decay for the wave equation of Carrier model subject to memory condition at the boundary. We prove that if the kernel of the memory decays exponentially or polynomially, then the solutions for the problems have same decay rates.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.49-66
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• 2016

This study investigated the song-induced autobiographical memory of patients with early Alzheimer's Dementia (AD) by comparing the effects of patient-selected songs (M-AD) versus music therapist-selected songs (M-MT). A total of 19 patients with early AD participated in this study. In the M-AD and M-MT conditions, each participant listened to a song and was instructed to recall memory. The time to recall memory, the specificity of the memory, mood changes, and the type of recalled memory were measured. Perceived familiarity and preference of the used songs and association of the song with the recalled memory were also analyzed. The results of the study showed that the M-AD condition elicited more specific memory and positive mood change than the M-MT condition. In addition, AD patients reported a higher level of familiarity with and preference of songs in the M-AD condition, compared to the M-MT condition. These results indicate that patient-selected songs, which have a personal meaning to an individual, could be effectively used for intervening with memory of this population, which would support music therapists to make better decision with regard to song selection. Further studies would be needed to deepen the understanding of autobiographical memory in older population with cognitive impairment and to propose more effective music therapy strategies for intervening with memory.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2005

Since human visual system has limited capacity for visual information processing, it should select goal-relevant information for further processing. There have been several studies that emphasized the possible involvement of memory in spatial shift of selective attention (Chun & Jiang, 1998, 1999; Klein, 1988; Klein & MacInnes, 1999). However, other studies suggested the inferiority of human visual memory in change detection(Rensink, O'Regan, & Clark, 1997; Simons & Levin, 1997) and in visual search(Hotowitz & Wolfe, 1998). The present study examined the involvement of memory in visual search; whether memory for the previously searched items guides selective attentional shift or not. We investigated how search works by comparing visual search performances in three different conditions; full exposure condition, partial exposure condition, and partial-to-full exposure condition. Revisiting searched items was allowed only in full exposure condition and not in either partial or partial-to-full exposure condition. The results showed that the efficiencies of attentional shift were nearly identical for all conditions. This finding implies that even in full exposure condition the participants scarcely re-examined the previously searched items. The results suggest that instant memory can be formed and used in visual search process. These results disagree with the earlier studies claiming thar visual search has no memory. We discussed the problems of the previous research paradigms and suggested some alternative accounts.